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Determination of Factors Affecting Wage Differentiation in the EU Countries
Kocurová, Tamara
This thesis aims to identify the determinants of wage differentiation in the EU countries using panel data analysis. The literature review provides an overview of the theoretical background of the topic, previous studies on wage differences, the current situation of wage differentiation in the European Union, and the potential determinants and consequences of wage differentiation. The analysis reveals that wages are influenced by various potential variables. However, the application of factor analysis led to the identification of significant factors, namely the economic strength of a country, the level of digitization and working conditions, investment, and the unemployment rate. These findings are consistent with the existing literature. The conclusion offers recommendations for increasing wages based on the research results.
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Vliv makroekonomického prostředí na existenci zombie firem
Sedlák, Pavel
The paper focuses on the identification of the influence of selected determinants on the probability of creation of zombie firms in European countries. The theoret-ical part characterizes zombie firms, describes their identification and their con-sequences on economies. It then describes the structure of firms' liabilities and explains the impact of the institutional environment and firm behaviour on their financing. The empirical part of the paper analyses panel data using fixed effects logistic regression to test the impact of microeconomic, macroeconomic and insti-tutional environments on the emergence of zombie firms. The results are statistically significant and robust.
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The impact of vaccinations on the development of Covid-19 pandemic
Kulhánek, Vít ; Kalabiška, Roman (advisor) ; Bauer, Michal (referee)
This thesis aims to examine the e ect of vaccination on the development of the Covid-19 pandemic. The three key variables are used as dependent vari- ables: the number of new cases, new deaths, and hospitalization. The dataset containing numerous countries and capturing periods from 2020 to 2022 was obtained, therefore a panel data estimator was employed. Moreover, the Czech Republic and Israel were selected for deeper investigation, and their data were filtered from the dataset. The data structure changed from panel data to time series, so OLS regression was selected as an appropriate method. In all mod- els, vaccination variables and also several others were included in lags because a time gap is necessary to increase individuals' immunity in the case of the vaccine. Last but not least, the excess deaths analysis is created and focuses on investigating excess deaths caused primarily or secondarily by the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it predicts the amount of money not paid in the form of pensions till 2030 for the elderly who are included in the excess deaths. Fi- nally, it compares this amount of money with the expenditures associated with vaccine purchases. JEL Classification C01, C23, I10, I31 Keywords Covid-19, vaccination, panel data, time series data Title The Impact of Vaccinations on the...
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Vliv korupce na ekonomický růst v zemích EU
Horvatová, Martina
Horvatová, M., The influence of corruption on economic growth of member states of the European Union. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2016. This bachelor thesis deals with the influence of corruption over the economic growth of member states of the European Union. The thesis describes the evolution of economic growth and the climate of corruption, the institutional environment, and a fight against the corruption in the European Union. The analysis of the influence of corruption over the economic growth with help of multiple regression in the panel data set is used in order to reach the goal of the thesis. The conclusion of the thesis summarizes all findings, and the possible recommendation of limiting the corruption within the European Union is proposed.
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Rozdíly ve výši příjmů a starobních důchodů u mužů a žen v ČR
Slanařová, Barbora
This diploma thesis deals with differences in income and pension between men and women in the Czech Republic. The target was to evaluate time series and panel data of income and pension of both sexes and to evaluate the existence of differences by using econometrics methods. From the performed analysis was forecast the future development for next three years and then was created the marketing recommendation for retail store regarding the focus on consumers in the pension in the end.
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Does monetary policy reinforce the effects of macroprudential policy?
Livorová, Barbara ; Geršl, Adam (advisor) ; Ehrenbergerová, Dominika (referee)
This thesis examines whether the efects of macroprudential policy on credit and house price growth difer across diverse phases of the monetary policy cycle. The dataset covers 33 advanced and 39 emerging market countries in the period 1990-2019. Using the GMM estimation method, the results for individual types of macroprudential policy instruments and their cumula- tive efect represented by macroprudential policy index show that tightening of monetary policy does on average reinforce the efects of macropruden- tial policy on credit and house price growth. Furthermore, the efects of various types of macroprudential policies on credit and house price growth difer depending on the monetary policy cycle phase. The results suggest that macroprudential policies are efective in curbing house price growth in advanced countries but less so in emerging markets. The efects of macropru- dential policy tools on credit growth are somewhat larger in emerging market economies than in advanced economies. The thesis contributes to the growing literature on the efectiveness of macroprudential policy on credit and housing markets and on the interaction between macroprudential and monetary poli- cies. JEL Classifcation E52, E58, G21, G28, E32 Keywords Macroprudential Policy, Monetary Policy, Credit Growth,...
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Kalíšková, Klára ; Flek, Vladislav (advisor) ; Fialová, Kamila (referee)
Active labour market policy is a widely used labour market intervention, which should increase the efficiency of labour market and help increase regular employment. However, its real impacts on labour market conditions are ambiguous. Although the literature concerning effectiveness of active labour market policy (ALMP) measures is extensive, there is no conclusive evidence regarding which ALMP measures are efficient and to what extent. The effectiveness of active labour market policy depends on many circumstances including characteristics of a given measure and conditions in a corresponding labour market. Therefore, decisions regarding implementation of ALMP measures should be based on high- quality and systematic evaluation of impacts of these measures in the given labour market. In the Czech Republic there is no regular system of active labour market policy evaluation, but the need for evaluation is even more urgent in the current economic crisis. The thesis offers both theoretical and empirical analysis of the active labour market policy effectiveness. Theoretical analysis introduces a comprehensive labour market model, which is grounded in the findings of existing literature and enables us to identify possible macroeconomic effects of ALMP measures on aggregate labour market situation. Second...
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Gravity model estimation using panel data - is logarithmic transformation advisable?
Bobková, Božena ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Baruník, Jozef (referee)
This thesis investigates the question if the estimation of gravity model of in- ternational trade based on the logarithmic transformation of the model is ad- visable when panel data are employed for the estimation. We have derived theoretically that in the presence of heteroskedasticity the logarithmic trans- formation causes inconsistency of the estimated coefficients. According to the literature, we have recommended rather the Poisson pseudo maximum likeli- hood estimation technique for the empirical research of the gravity model. We have also provided an empirical analysis of Czech and German panel data sets based on the comparison of the performance of traditional and Poisson estima- tion approaches. This analysis confirrms Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimation method as a more proper method for estimating the coefficients of the gravity equation.
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Determinants of Residential Development Prices in Prague
Mazáček, David ; Streblov, Pavel (advisor) ; Vacek, Pavel (referee)
III Title: Determinants of Residential Development Prices in Prague Author: David Mazáček Department: Institute of economic studies Diploma Theises Supervisor: PhDr. Pavel Streblov, MSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: streblov@pentainvestmens.cz Abstract: This thesis analyzes the progression and current situation on the Prague new residential development market. The beggining of the thesis is focused on performance of new residential development market in Prague and its comparison with other cities in European union including different housing standards and its economical severity. Performance analysis and current situation on the market indicate the presence of real estate bubble in past years on Prague market. This bubble has even deepened the problems on the market caused by the European economic crisis, however currently there is slow upsarge on the residential real estate market in Prague. Remaining two chapters are focused on relations between performance of residential development price per sqm in Prague and the performance of macroeconomic determinants in the range of income, financing or subsitutionary housing solution. This relation is explored through the econometric model, that explains the average aggregate price per sqm of new residential development in Prague through its macroeconomic...
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