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The importance of first aid kits at home and in an automotive environment
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Lenka
The topic of this bachelor thesis is dedicated to the importance of first aid kits at home and automobile environment. The home first aid kits and car first aid kids are very important when first aid is needed and the general public should know about its content and use. Theoretical part of this thesis is focused on specific situations when first aid is needed and the content of first aid kits at home and in cars. Three goals were set for a research purposes: 1. To conduct a survey of content of first aid kits at home and in automobile non-professional environment. 2. To find out knowledge of non-professionals about ways how to use content of first aid kits at home or in cars. 3. To map possible shortage of content of first aid kits at home or in cars. To fulfil these goals, answers to research questions in quantitative research process, questioning method and technique of half-structured interview, were used. The representative sample is formed from people with different education, gender and ethnic group. The research discovered lack of some content in first aid kits at home and in car and also in its usage. The research has found that general public is not informed enough about this topic. Based on this research an informational leaflet for general public has been made, which contains a list of basic content of first aid kits and important recommendation. Also a concept has been created for the use of tourniquet, which is a main problem for general public in area of use first aid kits.
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Medication Application As a Nursing Activity
BÍLEK, Tomáš
This bachelor thesis focuses on medication administration as a nursing activity and has two main objectives. The first one was to identify mistakes made by nurses when preparing medication or applying medicaments to patients. Another was the analysis of the views of general nurses on the appropriateness of the use of certain medical aids and equipment related to the preparation and administration of drugs and their actual use in their clinical practice when working with patients. This thesis outlines the basic theory of drugs, methods of preparation, various ways of administration to the patient and also possible mistakes that the general nurses may make when handling drugs. Furthermore, the thesis presents results of research conducted during clinical practice in the hospital, which focuses on the proper preparation and administration of drugs by general nurses. The research was based on the covert observation of 20 general nurses working in different hospital wards. It focused on compliance with selected hygiene and safety rules when handling drugs and the use of selected aids to prepare the application of drugs to patients. In addition, the answers from the questionnaire survey, which was attended by 62 general nurses from various medical facilities, but mainly from hospitals, are analysed here. Using statistical methods, hypotheses concerning the influence of age, gender, education and length of practice of general nurses on the use of selected nursing aids and compliance with selected rules were tested. In conclusion, the most important findings concerning the satisfaction of general nurses with the current system of preparation and application of drugs at their workplaces are given, as well as the findings concerning non-compliance with certain hygienic standards. Finally, recommendations are presented that the hospital should adopt in order to increase the awareness of general nurses about this problem and to arrange a remedy.
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"To cure is no challenge, the goal is to understand." Ethnographic study of Ayurveda
Wolfová, Alžběta ; Novotná, Hedvika (advisor) ; Spalová, Barbora (referee)
My diploma thesis mainly deals with monitoring Ayurveda and description of this phenomena in specific situations and contexts. Ayurveda is understood as an entity based on the actor network theory and the symmetrical anthropology which has been constructed in a process of mutual relationships of actors alleging of various natures (material, social, discursive). The main focus is on the ways of setting and redefining of boundaries of Ayurveda as such which have been realized through identification of significant parts related to this process. It was decided to define the key actors as the Teacher, the Doctrine, the Ayurveda Institution, approaches to human body by alimentation, yoga and breath exercise and Ayurvedic medicines. Each chapter is dedicated to both elements and practices influencing these key actors and different ways of their realization. Ayurveda in its entirety is intervened by members of the community, canonical Ayurvedic texts, biomedicine, national and EUs legislative, climate, politics of Institution, individual daily routines and collective scope of interpretation. 1
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The budget impact and cost-effectiveness thresholds in the context of other criteria in reimbursement decision making of medicinal products
Duong, Thuy Linh ; Klimeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Kostřiba, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Social and Clinical Pharmacy Author: Duong Thuy Linh Supervisor: PharmDr. Jiří Klimeš, PhD., MBA Title of Thesis: The budget impact and cost-effectiveness thresholds in the context of other criteria in reimbursement decision making of medicinal products KEY WORDS: cost-effectiveness analysis, Willingness to pay threshold, medicines, MCDA - multi- criteria decision analysis OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to provide a structured overview of selected criteria that are / may be key to adopt new innovative technology in the reimbursement system, based on a retrospective analysis of selected decisions of the State Institute for Drug Control. It was investigated the relationship between the individual criteria (and scoring results) coming from the multi-criteria analysis and the value of ICER and BIA, for these medicinal products entering the reimbursed system. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of selected legally closed, published and publicly available administrative proceedings of the State Institute for Drug Control in the period January 2020 - May 2021. A total of 20 administrative proceedings were selected for the final analysis, of which 12 medicinal products that were selected, entered the permanent reimbursement and the...
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The role of nurse in the pharmacotherapy team
Hašková, Martina ; Heczková, Jana (advisor) ; Jeřábková, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with current pharmacotherapeutic care with a focus on activities that nurses take part in. The aim was to collect and evaluate the views and experiences of selected nurses regarding their role in pharmacotherapy team, particularly what activities they perform in such team and how their pharmacotherapy teams work in general. SWOT analysis was then used firstly to evaluate the current role of nurses and secondly to suggest a way of implementation of possible extension of nurses' competencies in pharmacotherapy. In order to collect the required data, semi-structured interviews were conducted. These were recorded, so they could be easily processed afterwards. During transcription of the interviews into written text, all the collected data was briefly analysed. The data was further analysed using the open coding method, when three main categories with specific subcategories and subcodes were identified. All the selected men and women, which were asked for cooperation, are people working as a nurse without supervision and mentoring. Based on their career history all of them were expected to have a more specific experience with the issue. The respondents were mainly nurses with long-term working experience, often working in middle or senior management. When selecting the future...
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"To cure is no challenge, the goal is to understand." Ethnographic study of Ayurveda
Wolfová, Alžběta ; Novotná, Hedvika (advisor) ; Spalová, Barbora (referee)
My diploma thesis mainly deals with monitoring Ayurveda and description of this phenomena in specific situations and contexts. Ayurveda is understood as an entity based on the actor network theory and the symmetrical anthropology which has been constructed in a process of mutual relationships of actors alleging of various natures (material, social, discursive). The main focus is on the ways of setting and redefining of boundaries of Ayurveda as such which have been realized through identification of significant parts related to this process. It was decided to define the key actors as the Teacher, the Doctrine, the Ayurveda Institution, approaches to human body by alimentation, yoga and breath exercise and Ayurvedic medicines. Each chapter is dedicated to both elements and practices influencing these key actors and different ways of their realization. Ayurveda in its entirety is intervened by members of the community, canonical Ayurvedic texts, biomedicine, national and EUs legislative, climate, politics of Institution, individual daily routines and collective scope of interpretation. 1
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Health literacy of seniors in pharmacology.
BEDNÁŘOVÁ, Rita
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of health literacy of seniors in the field of pharmacology. The aim of the work was to find out, which skills and abilities seniors have, to understand, search and use information, services, and tools related to pharmacology. Thanks to these social and cognitive skills, seniors can have greater control over their health, they can make good decisions about their health condition, and they can maintain and support their health in general. The second aim of this thesis was to find out what problems the seniors encounter in the daily use of medicaments and what aspects make them the most difficult. With today's overusing drugs, seniors face more than one problem and it is affecting their quality of life and whole drug therapy. To achieve my goals, I have used quantitative research, using questionnaires. The examined sample was male and female from the age of 65 and the total number of respondents was 120. I set 2 goals with eight related hypotheses. Based on the gained results, out of the eight hypotheses, two of them were accepted and six of them were rejected. Based on the gained information from the research, in collaboration with graphic designer Dominika Pýchová, I created a stylized illustration (Annex 2), which could be introduced in the packaging to simplify pharmacy's using by seniors and simplify the information from information flyers. The reason, why seniors don't read the information flyers is the fact, that printed letters are too small and not readable. I was present while filling out the questionnaires and that is why I found out, that seniors would welcome better and uniform drug list which would make them easier to use. That's why I redrew the American version of the drug list, which is listed in (Annex 3). Overall research shows that half of the seniors are using more than 5 drugs, they have bigger problem of knowing the effects of drugs than knowing their names. Almost nobody knows the side effects of the drugs, as well as a clinical pharmacist who would facilitate pharmacotherapy in many cases. Practitioners do not check their patients' medication, and in many cases, when hospitalized, practitioners find out that the patient is taking unnecessary medication or even those that have not been prescribed for a long time. As long as the seniors do not improve their knowledge with help from practitioner and nurse, or by introducing of drug list's regular checks, seniors will be in alarming danger and their health literacy will not improve but it will be further reduced.
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