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Povrchové modifikace paramagnetických částic pro izolaci nukleových kyselin
Vopařilová, Petra
The aim of the diploma thesis Surface modification of paramagnetic particles for nucleic acid isolation was to optimize the protocol for nucleic acid (NA) isolation using variously modified particles (MPs) so as to maximize the yield and quality of isolated NA and reduce the cost and time of this method. One of the most important requirements in selecting a suitable method of isolation is that the resulting NA can be used for subsequent applications. In my diploma thesis, the real-time PCR reaction was also optimized, in which RNA from isolations was tested. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the structure of MPs, their synthesis and their biotechnological use. Next, the basic methods for NA isolation are described. The isolation of NA using MPs and the possibility of automation of the method are described in more detail. In practical part the individual steps of isolation optimization are described. The results of these optimizations are also presented. In the practical part were tested MPs without surface modification, MPs whose surface was modified with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), MPs whose surface was modified with tetraethoxysilane and then functionalized with (3-aminopropyl) -triethoxysilane (TEOS + APTES) and MPs on which surface have also been applied -COOH group (TEOS APTES COOH). The most suitable particles for RNA isolation appear to be modified MPs (TEOS + ATES), which enabled us to release almost all RNA in the primary elution, while a large amount of gDNA was released in the secondary elution. Thus, the isolation protocol could be universal for both gDNA isolation and RNA isolation, where in the first elution RNA would be released using an acidic elution solution (eg pH 6–6.6), in the secondary elution gDNA would be released using an alkaline solution (eg pH 7.5–8). MPs (TEOS) interact on their surface with the NA molecule probably only through a salt bridge, which forms chaotropic salts between the negatively charged phosphate groups and the negatively charged surface of the particles. MPs (TEOS + APTES) have better binding abilities, the interaction of NA with the surface of MPs is mediated not only through the salt bridge, but probably also by electrostatic interactions of positively charged amino groups (-NH3 +) of the APTES molecule with the negatively charged NA molecule.The resulting RNA isolated using MPs (TEOS + APTES) was compared to RNA isolated using a gravity column. The quality and integrity of the isolated RNA by MPs was sufficient for the real-time PCR reaction in which RNA was tested.
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Study of the interaction of hazardous metal – microplastic
Sinčáková, Lenka ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
Mikroplasty, široko zastúpené vo vodnom prostredí, slúžia ako vektor širokej škály kontaminantov, vrátane ťažkých kovov. Táto práca sa zaoberá adsorpciou piatich ťažkých kovov (Pb, Hg, Zn, Cu and Cd) na polyetylén tereftalát (PET), rozšírený polutant riek a morí. Pokiaľ ide o vplyv veľkosti mikroplastov na proces adsorpcie, nebol zistený jasný trend. Salinita prostredia má značný vplyv na adsorpčný proces s pozorovateľným poklesom adsorbovaných množstiev v prostredí s vysokou iónovou silou. Analyzované ťažké kovy boli zoradené vzostupne podľa ich schopnosti adsorpcie na PET nasledovne: Hg
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Algorithms for forward and backward planning
Sluka, Filip ; Hromková, Ivana (referee) ; Simeonov, Simeon (advisor)
The thesis deals with production planning. It contains theoretical description of methods used for production planning and optimizing. Thesis describes bottleneck problems in production. It offers overview of ways to identify and analyze bottleneck influence to manufacturing process efficiency. Thesis proposes ways to eliminate bottlenecks using various algorithm types. It applies theoretical knowledges from optimization and graph theory to program creation that is focused on order delay and readjustment time minimizing. The program implements genetic algorithm.
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Microplastics removing from water
Ermis, Martin ; Himr, Daniel (referee) ; Štigler, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the occurrence of microplastics in water, the reasons for their potential elimination, and the possibilities leading to that. More specifically, it focuses on flotation as a process for removing microplastics from water. Flotation is further described from a theoretical point of view and its mathematical model is developed. The wettability of selected polymers is measured. The experiment performed to determine the efficiency of flotation as a process of treating water from microplastics is described. This efficiency is further compared to measured wettability.
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Numerical simulation of oil flow in the gearbox
Činčár, Vojtěch ; Prokop, Aleš (referee) ; Řehák, Kamil (advisor)
Component design, subsequent functional verification and possible optimization are an integral part of any production process. Based on increasing customer requirements, the aim is to achieve the smallest possible dimensions and the lowest possible price, while maintaining safety. Incorporating both aspects can be achieved using advanced computational approaches, while this work focuses on the area of flow simulation. Specifically, it deals with the analysis of oil flow in a railway vehicle gearbox using computational fluid dynamics or CFD. The flow simulations were performed using ParticleWorks software, which works with the semi-implicit moving particle method MPS, whose suitability was verified by short analysis works. By monitoring the flow in the workspace, the geometry of the gearbox housing was first verified. However, the critical areas are the bearings whose lubrication quality was analysed using a series of computational models that included the service conditions that may occur. In addition to summarizing the overall evaluation, the paper concludes by outlining a possible suggestion for the potential improvement of bearing distribution and lubrication quality.
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Myofascial pain syndrome in the pelvic area
Hujová, Kateřina ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Langerová, Marie (referee)
Myofascial pain syndrome (MFBS) in the pelvic region is characterized by the presence of trigger points (TrPs) in the pelvic floor (PF) muscles and pain that is localized directly in the pelvis but simultaneously radiates to surrounding structures. This pain is often difficult to distinguish from internal complaints, which are often mimiced or accompanied by the pain. This bachelor's thesis addresses the subject of pain in the pelvic region and TrPs, which are related to myofascial structures, particularly PD. In the theoretical part, it aims to bring together the existing knowledge on MFBS with a narrower focus on the pelvic region and to present a comprehensive examination procedure and treatment options. The examination of PD in MFBS should be comprehensive, including history, palpation, dynamic tests and pelvic region specific tests. Therapy is initiated with manual techniques (MT), includes therapeutic physical education (TPE) methods to integrate the pelvis into global movement patterns. Training awareness of PD and the ability to relax it play an important role as well. The psychological side of the person should not be neglected, as pelvic difficulties are related to the intimate parts, in many cases reducing the quality of life and limiting the performance of daily activities. For five...
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Plan curved pedestrian bridge
Lachová, Alžběta ; Jurík,, Michal (referee) ; Koláček, Jan (advisor)
The subject of this master thesis is the elaboration of a study of a curved footbridge leading over the Svratka River. Two variants were created, from which a suspended structure was selected for subsequent modelling and assessment. The footbridge consists of a monolithic bridge deck made of prestressed concrete. The cross section of the bridge deck is designed as an asymmetrical box girder, suspended on one side by a pylon. The pylon is located on the inner side of the bridge deck at the junction of the apex and the centre of the circle and is anchored by hinges to the subgrade.
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Legislature related to legionnaires and war veterans between 1918 and 1922 - its illustration in parliamentary debates and printed media
Hainzová, Petra ; Štemberk, Jan (advisor) ; Minářová, Markéta (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze post-war legislation related to legionnaires and injured war veterans as it was debated in parliament and reported on in standard media outlets. The analyzed period is from 1918 to 1922. The thesis will also strive to compare the legislatively preferred legions with regular soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian army. Research will be conducted using minutes from parliament's sessions and selected newspapers and magazines. The analysis will show that laws intended for the legions' benefit did not have a great impact in real life and were often not upheld according to parliament sessions and printed media. The difficult circumstances of the legionnaires who arrived back home later than regular troops, did not particularly interest the general population any longer, as the post-war situation was hard for everyone.
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Microplastics removing from water
Ermis, Martin ; Himr, Daniel (referee) ; Štigler, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the occurrence of microplastics in water, the reasons for their potential elimination, and the possibilities leading to that. More specifically, it focuses on flotation as a process for removing microplastics from water. Flotation is further described from a theoretical point of view and its mathematical model is developed. The wettability of selected polymers is measured. The experiment performed to determine the efficiency of flotation as a process of treating water from microplastics is described. This efficiency is further compared to measured wettability.
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Algorithms for forward and backward planning
Sluka, Filip ; Hromková, Ivana (referee) ; Simeonov, Simeon (advisor)
The thesis deals with production planning. It contains theoretical description of methods used for production planning and optimizing. Thesis describes bottleneck problems in production. It offers overview of ways to identify and analyze bottleneck influence to manufacturing process efficiency. Thesis proposes ways to eliminate bottlenecks using various algorithm types. It applies theoretical knowledges from optimization and graph theory to program creation that is focused on order delay and readjustment time minimizing. The program implements genetic algorithm.
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