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Posuny v turecké zahraniční politice v éře R. T. Erdoğana a její dopady na vztahy s USA a Izraelem
Ikizgül, Varol
My bachelor's thesis deals with the shape and development of Turkish-American and Turkish-Israeli foreign relations, especially in the era of R. T. Erdoğan. The aim of the thesis is to answer the question of how Turkey's foreign policy has changed after the accession of R. T. Erdoğan and how significantly these changes have affected the gradual development of foreign relations with the United States and Israel. Turkish, Israeli, and American interests, particularly in the Middle East, often overlap, which is why their foreign relations are very dynamic. The thesis points out that although Turkey remains one of the United States' main partners in NATO, Erdoğan's foreign policy has repeatedly come into conflict with the foreign policies of the Biden administration, the Trump administration, or the Obama administration before that. In particular, I see the Kurdish issue, or the issue of acquiring military technology outside NATO structures, as a fundamental core of the conflicts. Also central to the strengthening of Russia and Iran's positions of power is the position of Israel, which is an important strategic ally of both the United States and Turkey. Despite the fact that Turkish-Israeli relations have been in very good shape most of the time, the Gaza Strip was, especially in the first half of the 2010s, a bone of contention between the two countries.
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Kurdish Identity and The Revolutionary Left in Turkey From Eastern Question to Kurdish Question (1960-1990)
Hatapçı, Ali ; Ira, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Czoch, Gábor (referee)
This study is based on the relationship between the Kurds and the Left in Turkey between 1960s and 1990 in Turkey. The question of identity is discussed in terms of the continuities and ruptures in the discourse(s) of the Left in Turkey on the 'eastern question' and 'Kurdish (national) question' in this period. The main question of the research is how the Kurdish identity was constructed in the discourses of Yön, TKSP (Türkiye Kürdistanı Sosyalist Partisi - Turkish Kurdistan Socialist Party), and the PKK (Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê - Kurdistan Workers' Party). Three sample publications/organizations representative of the leftist discourse in the period were selected to show the Left's treatment of the Kurdish question by using periodical publications, memoirs, clandestine organizational documents and through discourse analysis.
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The Role of the Kurdish Civic Association in the Integration of the Kurds into Czech Society
Pettrichová, Daniela ; Moree, Dana (advisor) ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (referee)
SYNOPSIS The principal objective of this thesis, entitled The Role of the Kurdish Civic Association in the Integration of the Kurds into Czech Society, focuses on defining the basic terms (integration, civic society, migrants' association), and briefly describes the legislative impact of migration on Czech civil society. The role of the established civic sector in the integration process is outlined, and types and functions of migrants' associations are defined. In addition, insight into the migration of the Kurds and their ways of associating within a host society is provided. Research data is based on analyzed questionnaire results: surveys completed by a research pool of 27 Kurds living in the Czech Republic, aged 15 and over. Participant observation at Kurdish meetings and events - both formal and informal, and individual interviews were the methods of choice for evaluating the importance and function of the Kurdish civic association. In conclusion, evaluated data has been summarized and recommendations given for further activities of the Kurdish civic association. KEY WORDS Integration, Kurds, Kurdish civic association, migration, civic society, civic sector, migrant association
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Analysis of the geopolitical relationships between Iraqi Kurdistan, regional and global actors
Sommer, Filip ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Lepič, Martin (referee)
Iraqi Kurdistan represents an entity capable of acting independently in international relations. This thesis evaluates its geopolitical position based on an analysis of relations with regional and global actors operating in the region. Iraq, Turkey, Iran and Syria are considered as regional actors because they are inhabited by a significant Kurdish population and can thus influence the possible formation of Iraqi Kurdistan. United States and the Russian Federation are considered as global players. The analysis examines the statements of the top representatives of all these entities and is carried out in the period from 2013 to 2017. Its aim is to find out how the geopolitical situation of Kurdistan in Iraq has changed as to the major events that have taken place in these years. These include the arrival of the Islamic State in the region in June 2014 or the declaration of the Kurdish referendum on independence in September 2017.
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Relations of the Turkish Justice and Development Party with the Iraqi Kurdistan Regional Government and the Syrian Democratic Union Party between 2011 and 2014
Gümplová, Anna ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
This thesis compares relations between the Turkish ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) the Syrian Democratic Union Party (PYD) and the Iraqi Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) between 2011 and 2014 on the background of its Kurdish minority policy and approach to the Kurdish Workers' Party (PKK). Since AKP came to power the governmental approach towards so called "Kurdish question" have changed and it started to be more open to negotiations with the PKK. However, there were major changes in the AKP's stance on the "Kurdish question" during the peace processes with the PKK. In 2011 the AKP established closer, especially economic, relations with the KRG. This profitable partnership included a cooperation regarding the approach towards the PKK. In 2014 problems arose when Turkey almost did not help KRG militarily in its fights against ISIS. Turkey's approach towards the PYD was from its conception hostile, which has even worsened after the launch of the Syrian civil war, because PYD was getting stronger politically and militarily. The thesis describes different approaches of the AKP towards KRG and PYD and substantiates it on the background of the issue of the Kurdish question.
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The impact of geopolitics and the Syrian conflict and status of the Syrian Kurdistan
Kolář, Josef ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the matter of Syrian Kurdistan. Starting with brief history of the entire Kurdish ethnic group and the development of Kurdish status in Syria in the 20th century, along with Kurdish political parties, it explores the progress of Syrian Kurdistan's since the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War in 2011. It emphasizes the involvement of Syrian Kurds and their supporters in the war, the purpose is to analyse the Kurdish position in the clash and to describe the relationship of the superpowers to the question of Syrian Kurdistan after the end of the conflict. The thesis primarily aims at linking the development of Rojava's autonomy with Kurdish participation in the war and transformation the strength of their position at the regional and international level during and after the war.
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Israel and Turkey - Strategic Alliance
Zacios, Jana ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Strategic alliance is a little-known alliance between Turkey and Israel. These two in the region exceptional countries are gaining a lot from what was initially military and economic cooperation, however, not as much as originally hoped. At the same time they have to face severe criticisms from their neighbors for this alliance. Therefore, the question the work seeks to answer is what the future prospects for the Strategic Alliance are and what factors could affect its future. Analysis of the circumstances and reasons for establishment and development of the alliance strives to describe all aspects which could lead to its break-down. In addition to military and business cooperation the paper deals with the issue of ethnic conflict in Turkey and in Israel, the use of water in the region and, in particular, analyzes relations with other countries in the Middle East and beyond, having impact on the alliance development.
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The political system of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (Rojava)
Trubáček, Edmund ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Tesař, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the political system of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria. Even though they are de facto autonomous institutions, the Syrian Democratic Council and TEV-DEM, which will also be discussed in this thesis, are generally grouped under the Autonomous Administration. Those institutions together form the political system of the regions located in the northeast of Syria, which since 2012 function independently from the official Syrian government. This thesis will first describe the context, the environment and the basic principles on which this system is based. The main part of this thesis is the description and analysis of the above mentioned institutions, which form this system. This political system is specific in that it does not aspire to be a state-centered model of social order, but often presents itself as an alternative based on the voluntary cooperation of individual communes, districts and regions. The goal of this thesis is to capture the main mechanisms of this unusual political system and to answer the question, whether it truly is a democratic system with a "bottom-up" power structure.
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The impact of geopolitics and the Syrian conflict and status of the Syrian Kurdistan
Kolář, Josef ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the problems of Rojava during the Syrian civil war. It mainly examines the territorial and political development of Rojava. It emphasizes the involvement of Syrian Kurds in the war, its aim is to analyse the position of the Kurds in the conflict from a geopolitical point of view. The work primarily aims to link the development of Rojava autonomy with the participation of Kurds in war, territory penetration and attitudes expressed by the Syrian central government. Other external factors affecting the relationship between the central government and Rojava are also described.
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