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Environmental characteristics of mineral waste from metallurgy
Vítková, Martina ; Ettler, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Bollinger, Jean-Claude (referee) ; Dijkstra, Joris J (referee)
Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of metallurgical wastes from the Cu-Co smelters situated in the Zambian Copperbelt have been investigated. A number of instrumental analytical methods (XRD, SEM/EDS, EPMA, TEM/EDS) has been used to identify primary and secondary phases in smelter slags and dusts. A set of leaching experiments (CEN/TS 14997 pH-static test, EN 12457 batch test) in combination with geochemical modelling has been performed, with the emphasis on the leaching behaviour of potential contaminants and their release as a function of the pH. The effect of sample preparation on metal leachability from slag was also evaluated, considering the grain size reduction required by the standardised leaching protocols. Environmental and health risk assessments of the dust samples have been performed. It was shown that the main carriers of metals in the studied slags were Cu sulphides (bornite, digenite, chalcocite), Co sulphides (cobaltpentlandite), Co-bearing intermetallic phases and alloys. Copper and cobalt were detected in major silicates and spinels, substituting for Fe or Mg in their structures, and in glass. The presence of secondary metal-bearing phases observed on the slag surfaces indicated the reactivity of the slags on contact with water/atmosphere. It was reported that in...
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Elemental analysis of leaf and soil samples using the ICP-MS
Švecová, Pavla ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Kozlík, Petr (referee)
EN Theaimofthisthesiswastodeterminethecontentofselectedelements,namelyarsenic,cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, calcium, and zinc in leaf and soil samples. The analysed samples were received from many locations in the Czech Republic and various European countries. Leaf samples were dried and digested in a microwave digestion system for the determination of thetotal content ofelements.Soil samples wereanalysed usinganextractionprocedurewithaquaregiaas the extractant according to ISO 11466. This method was also applied to certified reference materials to verify the usage of this procedure. The content of elements in leaf and soil samples was analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Thecontentofelementsinleavesshowedawiderangeofvaluesforeachelement.Concentrations of elements ranged for calcium 0.98 to 16.6mg g-1 , nickel 0.16 to 10.20μg g-1 , copper 2.60 to 43.80 μg g- 1 , zinc 13.4 to 489 μg g-1 , arsenic 0.01 to 11.60 μg g-1 , cadmium < LOD to 7.02 μg g-1 , and lead 0.03 to 71.40μg g-1 , respectively. Generally, higher values of heavy metals were obtained for samples from areas with mining activities or from industrial zones. Recoveryofelementsintheusedcertifiedreferencematerialsshowedvaluesrangingfrom68.4% to 121%. Two types of reference materials were used, and the recovery...
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Overview of rapid prototyping technology for metallic parts
Žaba, Tomáš ; Nevrlý, Josef (referee) ; Paloušek, David (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor paper is to make a survey of Rapid Prototyping methods which enable workability of metal materials. It explains the principles of older methods as well as the latest ones including Selective Laser Sintering, Direct Metal Laser Sintering, and Laser Engineered Net Shaping, Direct Metal Deposition and Electron Beam Melting. The paper presents the examples of practical applications on component parts. The latest equipment and machinery available on present market and their technical specification are listed at the end of the description of individual methods. The paper is completed with visual documentation. The final part of the paper contains the analysis of gained pieces of knowledge and future possible development is outlined.
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Speciation and fractionation analysis of metals in agricultural soils
Lepař, Petr ; Mládková, Zuzana (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the procedures and analytical techniques associated with speciation analysis and fractionation of metals in agricultural soils. The first part defines the basic concepts related to speciation, fractionation, soils and elements contained within it. The following chapters describe procedures of samples withdrawal and its adjustment including a description of some methods used for the purpose of extraction, fractionation and speciation analysis. The last chapter is devoted to listing of some separation techniques and instrumental methods used for the purposes of speciation and fractionation.
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Assessment of the effectiveness of filter material DMI-65 on removing metals from water
Konečný, Jiří ; Hrich, Karel (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
The first chapter of diploma thesis discusses about various water processes which remove metals and metalloids compounds from water. A substantial part is devoted to filter materials, which include a new filter material DMI-65. Comprehensive chapter discribes characteristics, proporties and practical application of filter material DMI-65. The next chapter describes the process of pilot testing of material DMI-65 in the water treatment plant in Ivancice. At the end of the diploma thesis, the laboratory test of filter material DMI-65 is described, including the description of particular metals that are removed from the water and the compresion of the filter materiál DMI-65 with other selected filter materials.
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Possibilities of removing metals from drinking water sources by water treatment processes
Marzinová, Kristýna ; Látal,, Milan (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
In my diploma thesis I focused on the issue of metals, their occurrence in drinking water sources in the Czech Republic and the possibility of their removal by water supply processes. Heavy metals degrade the quality of water resources, so more complex water treatment technologies are needed. The first part describes the metals, their properties, their significance and occurrence in water, then the possibility of removing metals using water supply processes. In the practical part of the diploma thesis I performed a laboratory experiment to remove iron, manganese and nickel by adsorption on selected filter materials, which are Filtrasorb F100, Filtrasorb F 400, Bayoxide E33 and GEH. The experiment was used to compare the effectiveness of selected sorption materials.
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3D metal printing by wire welding methods
Přibyla, Dalibor ; Izák, Josef (referee) ; Sigmund, Marian (advisor)
This thesis presents the most commonly used technologies of 3D metal printing by wire welding methods, like WLAM, EBAM and WAAM. Deals with their principles, sub methods, applications, suppliers and also with current researches and trends, which are focused on deposition of thin layers. CMT technology is closely described, with attention on its certain kinds, like Cycle step, Advanced, Pulse Advanced, Pin and Braze+. Then, the CMT workplace at IMID DREAD, FME BUT is described by individual components, automatization and robotization. Final evaluation shows, that the chosen workplace is appropriate for required 3D print of magnesium alloys and overhanging structures, due to cold metal transfer technology and low purchase price.
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