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Analysis of indices of social development and the growth of richness
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Aneta
The thesis deals mainly with economic growth, human development and their interrelations. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether there are correlations between economic growth and indexes of social development. And whether some social development indexes can be used as indicators of good or bad economic performance. The aim will be achieved through data analysis, which will examine the Human Development index, the Gini index and Gross Domestic Product per capita.
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Decision trees
Patera, Jan ; Sáblík, Václav (referee) ; Honzík, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis presents description on several algorithms for decision trees induction and software RapidMiner. The first part of the thesis deals with partition and terminology of decision trees. There’re described all algorithms for decision tree construction in RapidMiner. The second part deals with implementation and comparison of chosen algorithms. The application was developed in C++. Based on the real datesets the comparisson of different algorithms was realized using Rapid Miner 4.0.
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Methods for Classification of WWW Pages
Svoboda, Pavel ; Burget, Radek (referee) ; Bartík, Vladimír (advisor)
The main goal of this master's thesis was to study the main principles of classification methods. Basic principles of knowledge discovery process, data mining and using an external class CSSBox are described. Special attantion was paid to implementation of a ,,k-nearest neighbors`` classification method. The first objective of this work was to create training and testing data described by 'n' attributes. The second objective was to perform experimental analysis to determine a good value for 'k', the number of neighbors.
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Corruption and income inequality
Káčerková, Tereza
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to examine the relationship between corrup- tion and income inequality in chosen countries of South America that obtains an adequate amount of data of the Corruption Perception Index and the Gini index, which are needed to estimate econometric model. The work characterises indexes as well. The thesis provides a literature overview of corruption and income ine- quality in order to provide the background and development of them and after- wards it identifies the relationship between these variables in given countries so this work founds out what extent the income inequality affects corruption.
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Vliv fiskální politiky na příjmovou nerovnost ve vybraných zemích Latinské Ameriky
Urbanová, Anna ; Maialeh, Robin (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
The region of Latin America remains the most unequal in the world, despite the downward trend of last years. The negative socioeconomic impact of high income inequality has been examined and proved by many studies. The difference between inequality rates in Latin America and more equalitarian countries is much bigger when regarding income after taxes and transfers, which follows that the source of persisting high rates of unequal income distribution might be found in ineffective fiscal policy. This thesis examines the assumed impact of implemented fiscal policy on level of income inequality for four Latin American countries (Mexico, Brazil, Chile and Colombia). In the theoretical part, theoretical background for income inequality and fiscal policy is covered. The practical part includes analysis of development of income inequality, public expenditures and tax revenues in these countries from 1992 to 2012. Subsequently, regression model proves a significant negative impact of public health expenditures on income inequality in case of Mexico, Brazil and Chile. Public spending on education is found effective in reduction of income inequality in Brazil, however in case of Chile an increase in public spending on education seems to increase unequal distribution of income among households. Main finding of this thesis is that when efficiently targeted, fiscal policies aimed at increasing expenditure on health and education systems are likely to serve as effective measures of reduction of unequal income distribution.
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Global Changes in Income Distribution: Causes and Impacts
Jančovič, Pavel ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Břízová, Pavla (referee)
Téma bakalárskej práce: Global Changes in Income Distribution: Causes and Impacts Author: Pavel Jančovič Supervisor: doc. Ing. Tomáš Cahlík CSc. Abstract This thesis examines income inequality in the world. The main subject of investigation is the Gini coefficient, which determines the inequality. To measure the Gini coefficient are used different variables that could be empirically influencing. Econometric analysis consists of 34 countries of the world except Africa. Countries are divided into 5 groups. The measured period is between 1991 and 2011.We use the method of least squares, fixed effects and random effects. After performing regressions, results are commented, the best model is chosen, significant and non-significant variables are stated. We test models for heteroscedasticity, first order autocorrelation of the residuals and normality. Afterwards, we point out possible causes of the results. We refer to the countries in which income inequality is not a problem and reduce or stabilize Gini coefficient on low rate. Also we refer to countries, which has rate of the Gini coefficient, or income inequality increased in measured period.
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Quantitative Easing and its Impact on Wealth Inequality
Lazar, Stefan-Alexandru ; Taušer, Josef (advisor) ; Čajka, Radek (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to show how the unconventional monetary policy rounds of Quantitative Easing introduced in the United States between 2008 and 2014 have led to an increase in wealth inequality. The need for the thesis arises due to the uncharted nature of QE and because of more and more information is surfacing to light which points to this connection. By analysing the distribution of these funds and adding it to the then base distribution of money supply, this study was able to determine a significant 10 % increase in the Gini Index. Furthermore it highlights how a large portion of wealth was transferred from the middle class over to the top 5 % income households. Starting from a set of assumptions the calculation is performed by extrapolating the data required and by isolating the system from any external variables. The result is a theoretical model meant to describe the mechanism that links Quantitative Easing to wealth inequality. Moreover a detailed comparison is provided with the effect of a conventional monetary policy such as Open-Market Operations. Finally solutions to this issue are being discussed from economical, political and fiscal standpoints.
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Methods for Classification of WWW Pages
Svoboda, Pavel ; Burget, Radek (referee) ; Bartík, Vladimír (advisor)
The main goal of this master's thesis was to study the main principles of classification methods. Basic principles of knowledge discovery process, data mining and using an external class CSSBox are described. Special attantion was paid to implementation of a ,,k-nearest neighbors`` classification method. The first objective of this work was to create training and testing data described by 'n' attributes. The second objective was to perform experimental analysis to determine a good value for 'k', the number of neighbors.
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Decision trees
Patera, Jan ; Sáblík, Václav (referee) ; Honzík, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis presents description on several algorithms for decision trees induction and software RapidMiner. The first part of the thesis deals with partition and terminology of decision trees. There’re described all algorithms for decision tree construction in RapidMiner. The second part deals with implementation and comparison of chosen algorithms. The application was developed in C++. Based on the real datesets the comparisson of different algorithms was realized using Rapid Miner 4.0.
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