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Study of chemical processes initiated by electrical discharge in liquids
Možíšová, Aneta ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Kozáková, Zdenka (advisor)
This Bachelor´s thesis in the first part describes the process of ignition of the plasma discharge in water solutions, the generation of the particles that are generated during the discharge and their subsequent analysis by appropriate analytical methods. The second part focuses on specific cases of the use of the plasma discharge in the environment of selected electrolyte, phosphates were selected for individual experiments and for the comparison of sodium chloride. Phosphates were chosen mainly because of their stable pH as a possible benefit in discharge. The aim is to obtain the most ideal environment for the ignition of the plasma discharge and to optimize the method, which could subsequently be used for medical purposes, especially when sterilizing tools
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Classification of material used for the construction of garden ponds
Sýkora, Jiří ; Repková, Martina (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
This thesis deals with the study of the occurrence forms of inorganic phosphorus in water garden ponds and used material impact on the amount of releasable amount of phosphorus in the form of phosphates in the water medium. The practical part of this work focuses on the analysis and subsequent classification of building materials for the production of garden ponds just by releasing ability of phosphorus in the form of phosphates in the water.
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Determination of phosphates in waters and characterization of their negtive effects on water ecosystem
Novotný, Radek ; Komendová, Renata (referee) ; Sommer, Lumír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the negative effects of phosphates in natural waters and their methods of determination. The first part is characterized by a negative impact on natural water and there are characterized the problems associated with eutrophication, development of cyanobacteria and algae and the resulting potential health risks. The second section describes the methods by which phosphates can be determined. The work highlights the particular spectrophotometric methods such as molybdophosphoric acid, vanadomolybdophosphoric acid, wolframophosphoric acid, phosphomolybdenum blue and methods with some basic dyes such as rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G, malachite green and crystal violet. There are also mentioned methods, which are used less frequently, but they are relatively sensitive, such as AAS, AES, LC-ICP-MS and next such as chromatographic, electrochemical and enzymatic methods. Finally, work mentions the possibility of using automatic techniques such as FIA or CFA, which are suitable for routine and frequent determination, often using the spectrophotometric methods, but not only these.
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Phosphorus and its compounds in the environment
Lefnerová, Marcela ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deal with problems of phosphorus in waters, mainly in garden pond. This thesis analyse phosphorus attributes, forms of occurrence and negative effect in excessive occurrence. Next part is concentrate on common methods for remove phosphorus from water and methods of determination in waters and soils. For thesis on important mainly chapter about mobile analyse. Last part deals directly with bathing ecological ponds and Union of founding and maintenance of green. This part occupy with goals this union and introduction of control of materials, mainly from point of view of volume of phosphorus infuse to pond water.
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Manufacture and Properties of Cast Ceramic Cores based on Ethyl Silicate
Bořil, Petr ; Trunec, Martin (referee) ; Vasková,, Iveta (referee) ; Záděra, Antonín (advisor)
The doctoral thesis is focused on the production and properties of cast ceramic cores based on ethyl silicate. The main motivation is to develop a new technology for cast ceramic cores that would solve the shortcomings of Shaw’s original cast ceramic technology and would be viable. Shaw’s original technology has low handling strength of the cores, which lead to the necessity to use steel reinforcements for larger cores and even then the cores were broken due to the different thermal expansion of the reinforcements and ceramics. The Experimental part of the thesis is therefore devoted to the possibility of increasing the handling strength of cast ceramic cores. The influence of granulometric composition of the refractory material, addition of fibers, addition of organic substances and penetration of phosphate on the strength of the cores is described in the individual stages. The knowledge gained in the individual stages led to the development of a new cast ceramic cores technology whose properties are described in the final chapter.
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Research on the release of nitrogen compounds from fertilizers
Cápková, Viola ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the monitoring of the release kinetics of ammonium, nitrate and phosphate ions from slow release fertilizers covered in potassium polyacrylate. Fertilizer samples were subjected to different extraction reagents and experimental conditions. The effect of dynamic and pressure conditions in comparison to the static conditions was investigated, same as exposion to distilled, drinking and atmospheric water. The change in concentration of each analyte was measured at regular intervals using molecular spectrophotometry. Distilled water was found to be the best extraction reagent, with no significant difference between the experimental conditions. Slow release of nutrients was proved for two fertilizer samples, the urea fertilizer and it’s modified form.
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Vlastnosti povrchových vod v závislosti na charakteru krajinného pokryvu v malém povodí
VONDRÁŠEK, Vít
The present thesis covered statistical evaluation of the effect of the management method and the landscape cover on selected hydrochemical parameters of surface water. To obtain and evaluate the necessary data, a model zone was selected, located in the mountains of Novohradské hory. It consists of the upper and lower sub-basins of the stream of Bedřichovský potok, which is the left-hand tributary of the River Stropnice. The sub-basins differ in how management methods are practised locally. While the upper sub-basin generally consists of forests and permanent grasslands, the lower sub-basin has primarily arable land and, in some part, built-up areas. For this reason, it is possible to compare the two sub-basins and evaluate their effect on the selected parameters of surface water; these involved conductivity, concentration of unsuspended solids, total organic carbon concentration, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus. The results show and support a conclusion that surface waters in the lower sub basin, one that is utilised for agriculture, exhibit higher values of the parameters monitored than surface waters present in the upper sub-basin, one that features forest/grassland vegetation cover. It can be noted that arable land has a reduced retention capacity and is more prone to erosion due to its vegetation cover of lesser size; this is also the reason why it is not able to completely retain the desired substances on the agriculturally managed land. This results in deterioration of individual hydrochemical parameters in surface water, such as conductivity or nitrate nitrogen. The thesis is generally indicative of the importance of vegetation cover for the management of water in the landscape.
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Stanovení a význam sloučenin fosforu ve vodním prostředí
Pfeifer, Lukáš
The bachelor thesis Determination and importance of phosphorus in the aquatic envi-ronment deals with familiarization with phosphorus and phosphates, which are present in water environment, and their evaluation. Phosphorus is important element playing significant role in formation of adenosinphosphates and membrane lipids. Its importance is described in the first part of the bachelor thesis. The second part deals with its collec-tion from number of places in southern Moravia and Vysočina from April to October 2018. These samples were then evaluated and compared with limits of surface waters according to Government Regulation no. 401/2015 Coll.
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Soľ v potravinách a možnosti použitia jej náhražiek
Kertysová, Klaudia
The theme of this bachelor work is "Salt in the food, and the possibility of using substitutes." The salt was formed many years ago and in addition seas also occurs in the soil. It was very valuable. People it in addition to dochucovania, the preservation of been used as a means of payment. Benefits you in three ways. Mountain extraction, evaporation or leaching where there is a brine. Salt consists of sodium and chlorine. These are elements, which ensure the proper function of the organism. Thus, the salt is for the metabolism. Exceeding of daily recorded doses, however, can lead to deterioration of health. The most common disease is hypertension. Salt is used in meat, in dairy but also in baker industry. Ensures correct structure of the final products and is also active against the microbial perish.. High salt intake is a global problem. Therefore, using a variety of reimbursement of salts, which reduce the salt content in the food.
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