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The limits of the anthropological language in the works of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Marilyn Strathern
Klouček, David ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Tesárek, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to compare the work of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Marilyn Strathern in terms of their meta-anthropological argumentation. To this end, an interpretation of the key moments of both authors' work is undertaken, with a focus on the theory of anthropology. For Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, the text focuses mainly on his conceptual work associated with the ontological turn. The concepts of perspectivism and multinaturalism and their thought context are introduced. For Marilyn Strathern, attention is focused on her melanesianist monographs in order to present the specifics of her argument, concepts such as the dividual and relationality are briefly introduced, and the author's critique of certain social science frameworks of analysis is mentioned. The intersection of the works is seen in the motif of perspective, but the work also draws attention to the limitations associated with the search for intersection. In the comparison, the author tries to create a contrast in the authors' approach by reconstructing selected parts of their arguments, which are always viewed through the logic of the other's work. The resulting confrontation shows the limits of both authors' works in terms of their concreteness and points of contention. Thus, through the optics of Strathern, de Castro does not...
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Kambo and its many faces
Civišová, Dagmar ; Kuřík, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Heřmanová, Marie (referee)
This dissertation applies anthropology analysis to study a specie of a tree frog, living in the northern Amazonia, called Kambo. The wax-like substance, which the frog releases upon irritation, is used for its healing potential around the world. A basic conceptual framework is used to analyse the frog from the perspective of modernity, globalisation, and diffusion of cultural dimensions. The dissertation anticipates their influences on multiple parties. The geographical scope of the dissertation is limited on Amazonia and the Czech Republic. Kambo is a host of numerous biochemical interactions; in addition, it is used in socio-material context; in rituals; for gaining, or circulation of experience; or it is part of various techniques of understanding oneself, as described in later works of Michel Foucault. Due to Kambo's alleged participation on creation of human's subjective thinking, the dissertation answers the question on the extent to which Kambo could be responsible, through ethnographic lens. The results show that for those respondents who were experienced Kambo users; using the substance as a potion for treating physiological and mental issues and who were subsequently influenced by New Age movement; Kambo stands as a milestone in their life trajectories. Through the ethnographic research,...
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The study of the Amazonian Pavilion
Trčková, Veronika ; Vacek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
If we designed a building intended for people, we would be able to base it on many predetermined regulations and standards. The only remaining work would be a detailed literature study and creation itself. Constructing buildings for regular farm animal breeding would, in a simplified way, follow the same pattern. However, the ecosystem pavilion is a very particular space. It's a combination of animals, plants, people and various technical, operational, layout and stage design solutions.
Designing a tropical pavilion is a very complicated creation, requiring a coordination of various fields which need to find a way to cooperate. Therefore, the architect needs to work closely with zoologists, botanists, breeders and others, try to gain an insight into the animal farming issues and acquire the knowledge of trends in breeding and exposition practice.
The aim of the diploma thesis is to summarize the findings drawn from reference literature and to develop a comprehensive research which consists of historical development of menageries, continues to contemporary modern zoological garden and finally to ecosystem pavilion phenomenon. After this complex issue, we review the foundation data on the definition and characteristics of the territory supporting the pavilion study and we reflect on the principles of designing the ecosystem pavilion.
The project itself is a study of pavilion interior which represents a sector of Amazon ecosystem. We can simply say that it comprises living botanical and zoological collections of this habitat, which are supplemented by imitations of natural elements. It results in an almost perfect impression of the environment. In accordance with these basic principles, a philosophy of zoo exhibition concept is developed. A man and farmed species are put on a same level. The probability of a visitor to see the animal in the exhibition is the same as the chances of the animal to hide from unwelcome guests. This fact increases the ressemblance of the pavilion ecosystem visit to a real expedition into the countryside.
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Protection and Economic Development of the Brazilian Amazon as an International Political Topic
Ilievová, Ester ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Paulenková, Kristína (referee)
This bachelor work deals with the problem of the Amazon rainforest and examines relations between protection of Amazonia and economic development in this region. The main goal is to analyze connections between economic development of the brazilian part of the Amazon basin and preservation of the environment in this area and to examine if the economic development is connected to the destruction of the Amazon rainforest and possibly to what extent, and if Amazonia has the chance to reach sustainable development and to save its unique environment for next generations, which is analyzed on the case study of the brazilian Amazon. This work also deals with engagement of chosen international players and their attitude to the issue of the Amazon rainforest. A serious problem of this region is the deforestation of the Amazon rainforest, which is very often connected to the economic development. However, the brazilian government managed to reduce considerably the deforestation rate in recent years. International cooperation and engagement of non-governmental organizations, apart from engagement of governments, is also very important. It has already provided many results, from which we can conclude a positive development in this issue.
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Extractive reserves in the brazilian Amazon
Hrušková, Lucie ; Kašpar, Václav (advisor) ; Vošta, Milan (referee)
The master's thesis Extractive reserves in the brazilian Amazon analyzes the contemporary economic and social development in the region of brazilian Amazon and the position of the concept of extractive reserves inside this process. The main goal is to determine whether the extractive reserves are the ideal strategy for this region and a path to sustainable development while trying to describe the structure of their production and the possibility of placement of their product on the world market.
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