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Unconventional Supercharging
Svoboda, Radovan ; Svída, David (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
Supercharging is an effective method, which increases power and torque of combustion engines. Supercharging means, that the inlet air is compressed and pushed into the engine chambers. Compressed air has higher density, so more fuel could be added. Supercharged engine has better fuel consumption and produce lower emisions then naturaly aspired engine with the same power. The air could be compressed by a gas driven turbocharger or a mechanical driven supercharger. These devices and their modifications are described in this book.
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Causes of Civil Wars: The Influence of Natural Resurces Extractive Technologies on the Probability of Civil War Outbreak
Klosek, Kamil ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This study aimed to provide more general knowledge about the mechanisms which link natural resources with civil war outbreaks. The theoretical point of departure was the feasibility hypothesis hypothesis of Collier et al. (2009) in which the authors state that the paramount interest of researchers of civil wars should be directed at the structural conditions within a country. One of their assertions pertained to the role of natural resources. Those provide a potential revenue source for insurgents to finance their rebellion. Hence, the higher the dependence of a state on natural resource exports, the higher should be the probability of civil war outbreak. However, this account was heavily criticized by other researchers. Some claimed that the conceptualization of the Primary Commodity Exports (PCE) variable does not cover relevant natural resources (Fearon 2005), others pointed at the problem of reversed causality and endogeneity (Gleditsch 1998) and also others stressed to differentiate between different natural resources according to their proneness to be looted by rebels (Ross 2003). In order to address these problems, a new variable was conceptualized. The "extraction feasibility" variable measures the degree of extractability of a particular resource. It is composed of two notions, namely...
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Mistakes in intonation nucleus placement in Czech learners of English
PŘIBYLOVÁ, Adéla
This bachelor thesis deals with intonation centre (nucleus) placement in Czech learners of English and the mistakes that can occur in the process. The theoretical part first introduces the basic terminology, followed by a detailed description of nucleus placement principles in both Czech and English. The theoretical part surveys the principles of nucleus placement and points out the differences in both languages. The practical part consists of research and its analysis. The method of the research uses dictaphone recordings of pupils and includes a short questionnaire related to the ways in which they learn English. English texts including final and nonfinal nucleus in sentence were created and were afterwards read by twenty Czech respondents. The analysis of the recordings presents the results of the research in the form of graphs and charts which suggest that most of the respondents are influenced by nucleus placement in Czech, that is, typically on the final element, despite the fact that the final position is occupied by an informationally unimportant element. The final part of the thesis explores the possible causes of inappropriate nucleus placement.
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Semantic disambiguation using Distributional Semantics
Prodanovic, Srdjan ; Hana, Jiří (advisor) ; Vidová Hladká, Barbora (referee)
Ve statistických modelů sémantiky jsou významy slov pouze na základě jejich distribuční vlastnosti.Základní zdroj je zde jeden slovník, který lze použít pro různé úkoly, kde se význam slov reprezentovány jako vektory v vektorového prostoru, a slovní podoby jako vzdálenosti mezi jejich vektorových osobnosti. Pomocí silných podobnosti, může vhodnost podmínek uvedených zejména v souvislosti se vypočítá a používá pro celou řadu úkolů, jeden z nich je slovo smysl Disambiguation. V této práci bylo vyšetřeno několik různých přístupů k modelům z vektorového prostoru a prováděny tak, aby k překročení vyhodnocení vlastního výkonu na Word Sense disambiguation úkolem Prague Dependency Treebank.
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Rule of the algorithm: Exploring an ill-posed problem for democracy
Hawking, Christie ; Vostal, Filip (advisor) ; Fitzgerald, James (referee)
We are entering a new epoch, the epoch of rule by algorithm. This new way of governing poses significant challenges for the wide-ranging scope of democratic functions and practices. This is through the deployment of complex automated decision-making algorithms (ADA) in public institutions that are changing the way that citizens and governments interact with each other, acting as a systematic medium for making public good entitlement and intervention decisions. Although the technical capacities of ADA systems embed nominal challenges that are directly problematic to democratic practices of accountability and transparency, the current research emphasises that the key problems stem from institutionalised mechanisms and decision- making processes. These highlighted challenges underlie the current debates that situate technological innovation and governance to regime specific qualities of either an autocratic or democratic nature. Moreover, it realises that a complex ideological competition exists between democracy and efficiency, which ties into a discussion on the incompatibility of democracy and capitalism. The research narrows in on the current scope and nature of either phenomena by utilising the United States and the United Kingdom as case studies for contextualisation and situational analysis. It...
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Distribution and functions of the reflexive morpheme sě in Old Czech
Pergler, Jiří ; Friedová, Mirjam (advisor)
The thesis deals with the functions of the reflexive form sě in Old Czech. In Chapter 2, existing literature about the Old Czech sě is reviewed, in Chapter 3, I describe the method of my research, comment on the data used for the analysis and present the functions of sě that have been identified. In Chapters 4, 5 and 6 (the key part of the thesis), I describe three functions of the reflexive form, i.e., three types of constructions containing the form sě: accusative form of the reflexive pronoun, spontaneity and agent demotion. I focus on the most important syntactic and semantic characteristics of the constructions, then I analyse especially the animacy of the syntactic subject and the verbal aspect; both these criteria proved to be relevant for the constructions in question. The functions I describe are prototypes, therefore they have no clear boundaries. Hence, I also point out the ambiguous cases whose classification is not clear. In Chapter 7, I compare and contrast the three functions and show the most important differences between the use of the reflexive form in Old Czech and in Modern Czech.
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