|
|
Cognitive errors in mass media communication
Zíka, Vojtěch ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Hladík, Radim (referee)
This work is based on an assumption that human decision-making process is following several approximate rules (heuristics) that causes predictable and systematic errors in judgement (cognitive biases). Although this stand point is typical for fields like behavioural economics or behavioural law and economics, there is no reason to not apply this logic also on other discipline like a mass media communication studies. This work offers an analysis of the information market where supply side is represented by producers of information (e.g. media organizations) and demand side is represented by consumers of those information (audience). The analysis is focused on factors that cause perceived description of a particular event can vastly differ from this event. One of those cognitive biases which cause different perception of the same media content is called hostile media effect. In respect to this effect, sympathizers with a socially controversial topic tend to perceive information in the mass media as hostile to their own opinion. Previous research concluded that hostile perception is mainly caused by a reach of information which is explained by the selective categorization - although individuals with different worldview can see the same content, they perceive it with a different valence. The valence of the...
|
|
|
Cognitive errors in mass media communication
Zíka, Vojtěch ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Hladík, Radim (referee)
This work is based on an assumption that human decision-making process is following several approximate rules (heuristics) that causes predictable and systematic errors in judgement (cognitive biases). Although this stand point is typical for fields like behavioural economics or behavioural law and economics, there is no reason to not apply this logic also on other discipline like a mass media communication studies. This work offers an analysis of the information market where supply side is represented by producers of information (e.g. media organizations) and demand side is represented by consumers of those information (audience). The analysis is focused on factors that cause perceived description of a particular event can vastly differ from this event. One of those cognitive biases which cause different perception of the same media content is called hostile media effect. In respect to this effect, sympathizers with a socially controversial topic tend to perceive information in the mass media as hostile to their own opinion. Previous research concluded that hostile perception is mainly caused by a reach of information which is explained by the selective categorization - although individuals with different worldview can see the same content, they perceive it with a different valence. The valence of the...
|
|
|
Social networks in the lives of teenagers
Zíka, Vojtěch ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Fišerová, Sylvie (referee)
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to discover what role the SNS (Social Network Sites) and the Internet play in lives of today's teenagers. Primarily, how much time this age group devotes to those phenomenons mentioned above, what importance it assignes to them and what attitude teenagers, their parents and teachers assume to risks bound to life in an online world. The theoretical framework of the thesis is based on, apart from setting this topic into the historical context of the evolution of the Internet and SNS, most importantly on the work of danah boyd, Sonia Livingstone and Zeynep Tufekci. There are, among others, distinguished the types of SNS, analysed the reasons for using the SNS, described the most frequent risks associated with use of the Internet, but also clarified some of the rumours and myths usualy connected with the online world. Moreover, in the theoretical part I introduce the actual deviding of SNS according to the extent of anonymity of the users of Anonymous SNS, Quasi-Anonymous SNS and Non-Anonymous SNS. This deviding is based on the application of internal institutions according to Stefan Voigt in the Internet environment. The research part, based on a quantitative survey (n=543), analyses the situation of the Czech teenagers studying at secondary grammar schools in...
|
|
|
Time-saving bias
Zíka, Vojtěch ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Miklánek, Tomáš (referee)
The time-saving bias is a cognitive error which systematically influences human perception of relationship between speed and time. As a consequence they overestimate time gained/lost when accelerating/decelerating from higher speed and underestimate time gained/lost when accelerating/decelerating from lower speed. This bias is most salient in the context of a car driving where such a misperception might lead to an excessively high travelling speed. Apart from the impact on the driving safety, unduly high speed have negative effect also on the fuel economy. An undue fuel consumption can be an issue not only for firms, but also for the environment. This work tested a formerly proposed de-biasing measure, a paceometer, in a field experiment with the intention to find out if this kind of intervention can alter drivers' behaviour in order to reduce speeding and thus increase the driving safety and decrease the fuel consumption. To test also the strength of the measure the experiment was done within a middle size company where employees did not bear driving costs. Results based on 1 year fuel consumption data of 45 participants showed no particular effect of the measure on the average fuel consumption. A reason for this finding can be an existence of a principal/agent problem which considerably affects incentives of drivers.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.