|
| |
|
|
Glass ornaments in north Italian burials in the 6th-4th century BC
Matznerová, Jana ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Venclová, Natalie (referee)
The focus of this work is glass ornaments from the 6th to 4th century BC. The aim of the thesis is to explore the role and regional specifics of the glass ornaments, etc. beads, pendants, Glasbügefibeln, finger rings and hair pins, in the funerary contexts of felsinian, atestine and Umbrian culture. The thesis also contains glass spindle whorls, which although not glass ornaments, share with glass beads many characteristics. The most numerous group of glass ornaments are beads, which are usually found in graves (inhumation) located in the upper part of the chest or around the head, so is highly probable that glass beads were used as part of the necklaces. Grouped with the glass beads are usually another possible components of the necklace- amber, coral, metal, terracotta, stone or shells. The complexity and diversity of these necklaces vary on the different sites. This work explores mainly the difference between two major centres in the eastern Po plain Bologna and Este. On the other hand, the glass spindle whorls are usually found around the tibia of the deceased. Glass spindle whorls are typical, particularly in Bologna. The rest of the glass ornaments, etc. finger rings, hair pins and Glasbügelfibeln are rather rare. Key words: glass, archaeology, burial, northern Italy, Iron Age, ornament, bead
|
|
|
Development of manufacturing/economical aspects in roman provinces Thracia and Moesia Inferior with focusing on glassmaking.
Čisťakova, Viktorija ; Musil, Jiří (advisor) ; Venclová, Natalie (referee) ; Svobodová, Helena (referee)
The work presented here focuses on the development of economic activities in the provinces of Thrace and Moesia Inferior (in today's Bulgaria), specifically on the problematic of glassmaking in Roman period and the Late Antiquity. In my work I have focused on the systematic interpretation of the economical development of the rural environment in a context of social, political and economic transformation during Roman rule. The second part of the work presents the glassmaking in the Roman Empire - its beginning, the development of certain technological processes and the specifics of trade activities with raw glass and finished glass products. A collection from the Roman site of Yurt-Stroyno was selected as a case study (during seasons 2012-2014) 1413 fragments of glass were found here. The main aim of the presented study is a typological analysis of the glass finds, supplemented by an analysis of the material composition of selected artifacts. Chemical XRF analyses of the material composition were applied due to clarify the chronological framework of the study group, to determine the source of raw glass for the local glassworks and to raise awareness of Roman and late antique glass in southeastern Bulgaria. 116 samples from the Yurta-Stroyno site were analysed. The selection of samples was carried...
|
|
| |
|
|
Archaeology of glass beads in north Italian Iron Age
Matznerová, Jana ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Venclová, Natalie (referee)
Glass beads are small personal ornaments, which are occurring especially in funerary contexts. The aim of this work is to to chart the distribution of glass bead types in northern Italy and to study their chronology. The secondary aim is to explore if there are any regional, chronological, or cultural specifics. To answer these questions the database of small glass personal ornaments in the north Italian Iron Age is set up. The majority of the corpus consists of undecorated glass beads, which do not show any specifics. On the contrary, some types of the decorated beads show obvious chronological development. The most evident is the development of beads with circular decoration, where it seems that the earliest were beads with simple circles, which were replaced in the 5th century BC by beads with stratified eyes. This type of bead is followed by beads with spiral decoration. Beads with spiral decoration together with beads with irregular lines are specific of the north Italian La Tène culture. Regional specifics have not been detected with a few exceptions: beads with coloured prunts and beads with the spots in simple circles are exclusive of Verucchio, while beads with prunts appear only in Adria.
|
|
| |
|
|
Glass Finds of the Roman Period in Bohemia
Kacl, Pavel ; Košnar, Lubomír (advisor) ; Venclová, Natalie (referee)
The thesis is focused on the finds of glass and faience which are to be found in the form of beads and pendants, vessels, inlays, game pieces, bracelets and a "window" in the bottom of a ceramic urn. The most common are glass and faience beads. Their occurrence increases in the Late Roman Period substantially when new ornament styles come into being as well. Because of the predominant cremation rite, the knowledge is limited for the poor condition as a large amount of glass artefacts was deformed. In view of the fact that the majority of the beads originates from the classical antiquity world, they represent a vast number of imported goods, which may have been traded in Barbaricum as well. The long necklaces reflect obviously the higher social status of buried women. Nevertheless, the same statement cannot be considered to be applicable for lower numbers of beads in graves. Even some male graves with beads are known. The elite milieus are indicated also by the glass vessels, rather rare in the Roman Period Bohemia, the inlays on brooches or rings, as well as the game pieces. The Roman glass bracelets represent a rare sort of artefacts in Barbaricum. It is also possible to encounter some residues of the Iron Age glass, mostly on the settlements. Keywords glass - faience - Roman Period - imports - Bohemia
|
|
|
The fortification and settlement of the Bohemian oppida: The contribution of modern non-destructive methods
Křivánek, Roman ; Kuna, Martin (advisor) ; Venclová, Natalie (referee) ; Čižmár, Miloš (referee)
The fortification and settlement of the Bohemian oppida. The contribution of modern non-destructive methods. Celtic oppida represent a special type of extensive hillfort that were founded and intensively settled in the late La Tène period. These distinctive sites in Bohemian archaeology were investigated mainly between the 1950s and 1980s by means of long-term, intensive archaeological excavations. The subsequent processing of additional information from these investigations still requires more time and intensive work by archaeologists. But in terms of the areas of the oppida, only a small fraction of the total (1- 3%) has been subjected to detailed excavation up to now. The remaining varied terrain of the oppida commonly extending up to several dozen hectares is without any archaeological verification or information. The application of modern, less expensive, non-destructive methods mainly during the last decade offers further opportunities for the systematic survey and research of larger unexcavated areas of Czech oppida. For the purposes of this dissertation, a variety of results from non-destructive methods from five oppida in Central and South Bohemia were used: Hrazany, Nevězice, Stradonice, Třísov and Závist. The primary methodology for the new study of oppida was based on geophysical...
|
|
|
Production activities at early Roman-Germanic settlements in Bohemia
Grmela, Libor ; Bouzek, Jan (referee) ; Venclová, Natalie (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zaměřuje na studium výrobních aktivit na sídlištích časné 1 a starší doby římské v Čechách. Výchozím materiálem ke studiu tohoto tématu se stala dosud nevyhodnocená komponenta starší doby římské na sídlišti v Roztokách u Prahy, v poloze Pod hájem, jež byla objevena při archeologickém výzkumu zdejší polykulturní lokality v letech 1980-85. Práce předkládá vyhodnocení nálezového celku se zvláštním zřetelem na pyrotechnologická výrobní zařízení. Datace objektů byla provedena na základě analýzy keramických nálezů. Nejedná se o zpracování totální, jednak proto, že zde výzkum nadále pokračuje 2 , ale i proto, že do zpracování ne mohly být zahrnuty všechny archeologické prameny3 . Ze současného zpracování jsou úplně vyjmuty nálezy kostí, kostěných předmětů a jiných drobných nálezů. Další nálezy jsou zpracovávány v rámci jiných projektů a k jejich výsledku bude v budoucnu přihlédnuto4 . Práce má za úkol především zveřejnění výsledků terénního výzkumu5 Dále bylo cílem přispět k poznání různých výrobních zařízení používaných ve starší době římské. Výsledky diplomové práce se mohou stát dobrým výchozím bodem pro další studium hospodářství doby římské v Čechách. Věřím, že objasnění hospodářských vztahů v oblasti tzv. Svobodné Germánie a s tím spojené studium socioekonomických otázek, přispěje...
|
|
|
The Celts in Asia Minor
Trefný, Martin ; Bouzek, Jan (advisor) ; Bažant, Jan (referee) ; Venclová, Natalie (referee)
This thesis contains the following basic aspects of Celtic/Galatean penetration and presence in Anatolia (central Turkey). 1. Historical background and survey; records of the ancient authors concerning the Celts and Galatians; Celtic penetration through the Balkans and Greece to Galatia; the establishment of the Galatian state; the struggle between the Hellenistic kings and the Galatians; questions of cult, society, policy and urban living and the decline of the Galatian tribes in Anatolia. 2. The archaeological evidence for a Celtic/Galatian presence in Turkey in general and in central Anatolia in particular; groups of monuments and archaeological material. 3. Reflections of the historical events in the figurative art of Antiquity; sculpture; toreutics; terracotta. 4. Evaluation and interpretation. Having left Central Europe, the Celts passed through the Balkans in the fourth and early third century BC and established here between 279 and 277 BC a Celtic state called the Tylis Kingdom. Contemporaneously they entered Greece, where they and their chieftain Brennos were infamous as the bands, endangering the sacred area of Delphi in 278 BC. After this incident a part of the Celts moved on to the Hellespont, reacting to the invitation of Hellenistic Bithynian ruler Nikomedes to assist him by struggle of...
|
guest ::
RSS feed.