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Changes of gene and protein expression of selected enzymes in mice due to cranberry antioxidants and obesity
Vášková, Lucie ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Skálová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Lucie Vášková Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, PhD. Title of thesis: Changes of gene and protein expression of selected enzymes in mice due to cranberry antioxidants and obesity Obesity is a chronic disease coming up to endemic size in contemporary population. It is often associated with an adverse pathophysiological effects in the organism. This condition affects many processes occurring in the body and probably also activity and expression of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes. Expression of antioxidant enzymes is influenced by dietary intake of antioxidants, which can be definitely beneficial to health. This thesis concerns about changes in protein and gene expressions of biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes by testing the four groups of experimental mice. This determination was carried out in normal and obese mice in which obesity was induced artificially by administration of monosodium glutamate. These individuals served as control group to the other two groups, which were used for testing the effect of cranberry extract on enzyme expression. The expressions were determined in subcellular fractions of livers and small intestine. The methods to determination of...
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The impact of cranberry extract and obesity on antioxidant enzymes in mice in vivo
Vášková, Lucie ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Hanušová, Veronika (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Lucie Vášková Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, PhD. Title of diploma thesis: The impact of cranberry extract and obesity on antioxidant enzymes in mice in vivo The obesity is the worldwide problem nowadays which threatens health of millions of people. The obesity is characterized as an excessive increase in the content of body adipose tissue. Increased quantity of adipocytes produces oxidized LDL particles which are deleterious for the body and damage the tissue of the organism. Fruit of Vaccinium macrocarpon contains range of natural substances. Proven effects of cranberries include action on the urinary tract infections, anti-atherogenic effects in the cardiovascular system, anticancer, antiulcer effect and also acts againts the development of the obesity. Most of these effects are largely determined by antioxidant actions of contained substances, particularly anthocyanidins. Recently, the nutritional supplements containing cranberries which are used frequently as a substitute for a varied diet or weight reduction have became very popular. The first aim of my study was to determine the influence of obesity on selected antioxidant enzymes of mice in vivo. Obesity by monosodium...
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Juxtaposition of Interpretation of Media History in Theory of V. Flusser and M. McLuhan in Relation to Contention between Image and Writing
Vašková, Lucie ; Řehořová, Irena (advisor) ; Šafaříková, Radana (referee)
In this work we would like to explore similarities and distinctions between two paramount theories of the history of the media developed by two communication theorists of the last century Vilém Flusser and Marshall McLuhan. Vilém Flusser and Marshall McLuhan both developed original and specific models of the history of the culture. Vilém Flusser has formed the history according to the most popular communication code in the period. Marshall McLuhan has formed periods of the history according to the technology, which was dominant in the period. We will describe all important arguments and the starting points from which both authors result in creating their phasing of the history of the media. Consequently we will compare both models of the history of the media and we will show to the meeting and disagreeing points in their theories. We are going to analyze the hypothesis, that even if authors departure from different starting points, they find in their theories meeting points. Both theories of the history of the media describe new problems, which are occuring in the present and authors are suggesting the possibilities how to approach them and how to manage them. They warn of the influence of the technical images, which important influence on the man is by many people underestimated. By describing McLuhan's...
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Study on cytotoxicity of compounds in vitro.
Vašková, Lucie ; Maixnerová, Jana (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Monika (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Studentka: Lucie Vašková Školitel: RNDr. Jana Maixnerová, Ph.D. Název diplomové práce: Study on cytotoxicity of compounds in vitro The subject of this diploma thesis was to assess the effect of newly synthesized antimycobacterial substances on the viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. The tested substances were esters (HE-nMe, HE-4PHOPH, HE-KARVA, HE-2NAFT, HE-METRO, HE-CH2PY, HE-8CHIN) and thioesters (HES-4H, HES- nETH) of antituberculotic isoniazid. Experiments performed with these substances have shown, that like isoniazid, the substances inhibit InhA enzyme in mycobacteria and therefore interfere with cell wall biosynthesis. Isoniazid is a drug standardly used in the first line of TB treatment. Together with other first-line antituberculotics, some hepatotoxic potential has been reported during treatment. To assess the possible cytotoxic effect of the tested isoniazid derivatives, the standard human hepatocyte cell line HepG2 was chosen as the cell model. Cell viability was assessed by a colorimetric method that measures the metabolic activity of cells based on the reduction of the tetrazolium compound MTS. Obtained values were quantitatively compared using the toxicological...
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The effect of IgY on bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells ex vivo
Vašková, Lucie
0 Abstract Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in CFTR gene coding for a chloride channel in apical membrane of epithelial cells. This disorder leads to the change in ion transport causing the increase in mucus viscosity in airways as well as changes in glycosylation of saccharide structures on the cells. Because of that these cells are the target for bacterial adhesion. Chronic bacterial infections, which lead to gradual decline of lung function and damage of lung tissue, are the major cause of death of patients suffering with cystic fibrosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main pathogen causing chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. This bacterium produces a biofilm protecting them from host immune system and antibiotics. Once the colonization with PA occurs, it is difficult to get rid of this pathogen. The prophylactic treatment with orally administered hen antibodies against the PA virulence structures could be a prevention of chronic PA infections. In this work we tested the antibody against the bacterial lectin PA-IIL, which is suggested to be involved in the adhesion of the pathogen on epithelial cells. First, it was verified that the prepared antibody from egg yolks of a hen immunized with the bacterial lectin PA-IIL recognizes this antigen expressed...
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Changes of gene and protein expression of selected enzymes in mice due to cranberry antioxidants and obesity
Vášková, Lucie ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Skálová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Lucie Vášková Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, PhD. Title of thesis: Changes of gene and protein expression of selected enzymes in mice due to cranberry antioxidants and obesity Obesity is a chronic disease coming up to endemic size in contemporary population. It is often associated with an adverse pathophysiological effects in the organism. This condition affects many processes occurring in the body and probably also activity and expression of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes. Expression of antioxidant enzymes is influenced by dietary intake of antioxidants, which can be definitely beneficial to health. This thesis concerns about changes in protein and gene expressions of biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes by testing the four groups of experimental mice. This determination was carried out in normal and obese mice in which obesity was induced artificially by administration of monosodium glutamate. These individuals served as control group to the other two groups, which were used for testing the effect of cranberry extract on enzyme expression. The expressions were determined in subcellular fractions of livers and small intestine. The methods to determination of...
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The effect of IgY on bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells ex vivo
Vašková, Lucie ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Nosková, Libuše (referee)
0 Abstract Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in CFTR gene coding for a chloride channel in apical membrane of epithelial cells. This disorder leads to the change in ion transport causing the increase in mucus viscosity in airways as well as changes in glycosylation of saccharide structures on the cells. Because of that these cells are the target for bacterial adhesion. Chronic bacterial infections, which lead to gradual decline of lung function and damage of lung tissue, are the major cause of death of patients suffering with cystic fibrosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main pathogen causing chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. This bacterium produces a biofilm protecting them from host immune system and antibiotics. Once the colonization with PA occurs, it is difficult to get rid of this pathogen. The prophylactic treatment with orally administered hen antibodies against the PA virulence structures could be a prevention of chronic PA infections. In this work we tested the antibody against the bacterial lectin PA-IIL, which is suggested to be involved in the adhesion of the pathogen on epithelial cells. First, it was verified that the prepared antibody from egg yolks of a hen immunized with the bacterial lectin PA-IIL recognizes this antigen expressed...
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The effect of IgY on bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells ex vivo
Vašková, Lucie
0 Abstract Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in CFTR gene coding for a chloride channel in apical membrane of epithelial cells. This disorder leads to the change in ion transport causing the increase in mucus viscosity in airways as well as changes in glycosylation of saccharide structures on the cells. Because of that these cells are the target for bacterial adhesion. Chronic bacterial infections, which lead to gradual decline of lung function and damage of lung tissue, are the major cause of death of patients suffering with cystic fibrosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main pathogen causing chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. This bacterium produces a biofilm protecting them from host immune system and antibiotics. Once the colonization with PA occurs, it is difficult to get rid of this pathogen. The prophylactic treatment with orally administered hen antibodies against the PA virulence structures could be a prevention of chronic PA infections. In this work we tested the antibody against the bacterial lectin PA-IIL, which is suggested to be involved in the adhesion of the pathogen on epithelial cells. First, it was verified that the prepared antibody from egg yolks of a hen immunized with the bacterial lectin PA-IIL recognizes this antigen expressed...
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Study of bacterial adherence on lung epithelia of Cystic fibrosis patients
Vašková, Lucie ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Nosková, Libuše (referee)
A b stra ct C ystic fibrosis is an autosom alrecessive disease that is one of the m ost com m on hereditary disorders. T he disease is caused by the m utation in the gene encoding C F T R chloride channe l w hich leads to the failure of ion transportand a significant increase in viscosity o f m ucus,affecting especially the respiratory system .T he increase of saltand the presence of thick m ucus in the lungs suppress the antibacterialeffects of the im m une system .B acterial infections are the m ost com m on cause of death in patients w ith C F, especially the P seudom onas aerugino sa infection. A ntibiotics are used for treatm ent of the infection by this pathogen,butthe treatm ent is frequently com plicated by developing resistance.D ue to this fact, new w ays of treatm ent have been searched for. T he m ethod of passive im m unization of patients w ith yolk IgY antibodies seem s to be prom ising. T o exam ine the effect of these antibodies in in vivo m odel system , lung epithelial cells of a healthy subject (N uL i-1) and of a C F patient (C uF i-1) w ere exposed to 3 strains of P seudom onas aerugino sa. A ntibodies against the lectin of P seudom onas aerugino sa P A - IIL , w hich is an im portant adhesion structure of this bacterium , prepared from tw o im m unized anim als w ere com pared. T o...
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The impact of cranberry extract and obesity on antioxidant enzymes in mice in vivo
Vášková, Lucie ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Hanušová, Veronika (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Lucie Vášková Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, PhD. Title of diploma thesis: The impact of cranberry extract and obesity on antioxidant enzymes in mice in vivo The obesity is the worldwide problem nowadays which threatens health of millions of people. The obesity is characterized as an excessive increase in the content of body adipose tissue. Increased quantity of adipocytes produces oxidized LDL particles which are deleterious for the body and damage the tissue of the organism. Fruit of Vaccinium macrocarpon contains range of natural substances. Proven effects of cranberries include action on the urinary tract infections, anti-atherogenic effects in the cardiovascular system, anticancer, antiulcer effect and also acts againts the development of the obesity. Most of these effects are largely determined by antioxidant actions of contained substances, particularly anthocyanidins. Recently, the nutritional supplements containing cranberries which are used frequently as a substitute for a varied diet or weight reduction have became very popular. The first aim of my study was to determine the influence of obesity on selected antioxidant enzymes of mice in vivo. Obesity by monosodium...
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