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Analysis of the novels and short stories by Hermann Ungar
Foltánková, Marie ; Stromšík, Jiří (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
Hermann Ungar (1893-1929), a native of Boskovice in Moravia, whose work is part of the Prague - or rather Moravian - German literary tradition, studied law in Prague and was an employee of the Czechoslovak embassy in Berlin. Ungar's literary career began with the publication of a collection oftwo stories, "Boys and Murderers" (1920), which aroused substantial interest in literary circ1es. Thomas Mann saw in Ungar great promise for post-war German prose. With his first novel, "The Maimed" (1922), Ungar confirmed the analytical character ofhis prose, which did not shy away from uncovering even the most concealed pI aces and the greatest taboos of the human psyche. Ungar's heroes are often intemally tom, victims of a traumatic childhood and a society that degrades them to the point that they are only "machines" incapable of deeper interpersonal relationships. It is thus very difficult for them to find the way to themselves and to others. While still working as an official of the Czechoslovak embassy, Ungar published short stories and sketches in magazines in Czechoslovakia and Germany. These short works showed readers his peculiar sense ofhumour. Ungar's second novel, "The Class" (1927), which is set in pre-war Bmo, was the author's apotheosis oflove and respect for others. By an irony of fate Hermann Ungar...
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The Czech translations of Rilke's "Sonette an Orpheus"
Otterová, Michaela ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
Since the personalities of the translators and their methods are so different, it is difficult to compare the six translations of poems by Rilke. Nevertheless common characteristics can be found. First of all, everyone keeps the original form of the sonnet. This statement seems less trivial when we think of the French translation praxis, where transformation of poetry to prose is a standard. We might also think of Jakub Deml, who (due to lack of time) poeticized a small choice from the Book of Images in prose. The fact that Czech translators usually stick to the original poetic form attests both the high level of the tradition of translation in this country and the creative ambition of Czech mediators. On the other hand we can observe a certain indifference towards the Rilke-scholarship among the six translators. It could be proved that Renč knew the monograph on Rilke by Holthusen, it however didn't have any impact on his translation. This kind of deficiency is even more obvious in Pokorný, who suggest the interpretative approach, yet doesn't know the myth of Orpheus in detail. Vítek is aware of the "intellectual anatomy" of the collection of poems, but he doesn't make any use of this knowledge. Another token of the ignorance of the original texts that the translators have in common is the transformation...
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Fiction, biography and documntary in W.G. Sebald's narrative prose
Richterová, Gabriela ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
This dissertation is devoted to fiction, biographical and documentary work in the prose of the German author W. G. Sebald. W. G. Sebald was a unique character with a distinguished way of storytelling on the post-war German literary scene with. Most topics thet were paid attention to in his books were related to Germany and its history. Sebald was one of the early Germanists, who wrote in German language and who followed the topic of the civil inhabitans' misery during the air raids of the Allies over Germany in World War II. Another important topic in his books was the Holocaust and he also frequently dealt with the relationship between the Jews and non-Jewish people in Germany. W. G. Sebald's books are difficult to be put in a particular category. His work actually breaks boundaries between categories, between non-fiction and fiction. The Author himself denied the categories in literature. He called his prose "the fictional prose". A unique junction of fiction and facts, biographical and autobiographical elements, the books of travel, architecture and country descriptions together with reflections and fictional essays is typical of this author's books. Also characteristic of his texts is the usage of pictures and photographs, mostly black-and-white, scattered freely in a text.
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Diary narration in short prose by Peter Handke
Trnková, Gabriela ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
This work deals with short prose by Peter Handke: Das Gewicht der Welt (1977), Die Geschichte des Bleistifts (1982), Versuch über die Müdigkeit (1990), Versuch über die Jukebox (1990), Versuch über den geglückten Tag (1991) and Nachmittag eines Schriftstellers (1987). In the texts we meet with diary records (Gewicht and Geschichte) and more or less continuously narrated story (Versuche und Nachmittag). Autobiography as a genre cannot be clearly defined from relating genres such as diaries or memoirs - they usually differ by some signs. On the other hand, it can be said that all texts mentioned above contain autobiographical moments eventhough they vary formally. In the narration both the first and 87 the third person singular is used and some diary records make an impression as if the subject was missing entirely. Handke's books are not autobiographies of a type: I remember, In those days (though these can be also found in a particular form). They rather represent autobiographies of the author which contain a number of notes, ideas and reflections considering his life together with language, meaning they always think how to express the experience in words. The texts can be considered as autobiographies because in the stage of the text the hero I is met, who, moreover, is the writer, writing in I. In the...
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The father-son-conflict in early narrations of Thomas Mann
Hloušková, Petra ; Stromšík, Jiří (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
Dilo Thomase Manna plati za silne autobiograficke, konflikt otee a syna zde figuruje pomeme casto. At' uz se jedna 0 jeho slavny roman Die Buddenbrooks (1901, Buddenbrookovi) nebo 0 novely Der Bajazzo (1897, Bajazzo), Tristan (1903, Tristan), Tonio Kröger (1903, Tonio Kröger), Unordnung und frühes Leid (1925, Zmatek a ran); ia!) ajina dila zjeho pfedevsim rane tvorby, nezfidka v ni eh vystupuje syn s umeleekym talentern, znacne se odlisujici od sryeh vrstevniku. Tento vetsinou tmavovlasy a tmavooky ehlapee, pozdeji dospely muz, touzi b-yt jako jeho nejlepsi kamanid - blond'ary, modrooky a bezstarostny. Jeho "odlisnost" mu to ale nedovoluje. Pfisneho otee - vetSinou hanzovniho kupee - irituje synova zaliba v umeni a roztrpcuje ho jeho absolutni nezajem 0 rodinnou firmu. Tak tomu bylo i ve vztahu Thomase Mann ajeho otee Johanna Sigmunda Manna. Ve sryeh prvotinaeh vetSinou kopiruje Thomas Mann tento duveme znamy model, casto doprovazeny motivem umelee nepoehopeneho srym okolim, lidmi jednoduehymi, ale st'astn-ymi. Rozpor takto odlisnyeh osobnosti, jez obe ehteji dosahnout sveho, vede logieky ke konfliktu. Otee bud' prosadi svuj zamer a syn se pak stava nest'astn-ym pokracovatelem rodinne tradiee, nebo otee rezignuje a firmu pro da. Syn pak vetsinou opusti prostfedi, u ktereho stejne nikdy nenasel poehopeni, a...
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Lux in tenebris. Allegory and allegorical structures in Grimmelshausen's "Abentheurlichem Simplicissimus Teutsch"
Maroszová, Jana ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor) ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee)
Grimmelshausenuv Dobrodruzny Simplicius Simplicissimus vydany v roce 1668 (s datem 1669) se do kanonu svetove literatury zapsal jako pikareskni roman. Jednim z duvodu, proc tato kniha dokaze oslovit ctenare i po vice nez 300 letech od sveho vzniku, je bezpochyby obdivuhodna vYznamova hloubka a dejova pest rost dfla, jez u ctenare muze navodit dojem neprebernosti a mnohoznacnosti autorem pouzitych prvku. Tato diplomova prace se zabyva kompozicnimi principy uplatnujicfmi se v teto knize. I kdyz se v dnesni dobe v praxi jiz mnohdy osvedcila uzitecnost pristupu naratologickeho, k nemuz vytvoril predevsim G. Genette prakticke instrumentarium, a tento pristup by se mohl nabizet i zde, ma prace se od nej vedome odklanf. Po strucne zmfnce starsfch pokusu 0 uchopeni domnele tektonicke struktury Simplicissima a nastinu nejdulezitejsich tendenci vyzkumu v nazfranf tohoto dfla byla formulovana zdejsf vYchozf pozice. Hlavnf vychodisko spocfvalo v uvaze, ze metoda analyzy by se mela prizpusobit zkoumanemu, ne naopak. Vlastni cetba Grimmelshausenova romanu jakoz i vysledky stavajicfch studif k Simplicissimovi me dale utvrdily v nazoru, ze bude potreba zamerit se ani ne tak na veliciny typu "vypravec", "pasmo postav", "perspektiva vypraveni", jako spise na alegorii a postupy produkce i recepce s ni v baroku spojene. Za...
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Towards the analysis of Ludwig Winders novel "Der Thronfolger. Ein Franz Ferdinand Roman" in the context of the narrative of early and late work of its author
Broukalová, Jindra ; Krolop K., (advisor) ; Stromšík, Jiří (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee)
Ludwig Winder patri k vyraznym predstavitelum prazske nemecke li teratury mezi valecneho obdobi. Po smrti Franze Kafky se stal clenem Prazskeho kruhu. Rodistem i nekterymi rysy sve tvorby je zaroven spjat s moravskou nemecky psanou literaturou. Narodil se 7. 2. 1889 v moravskem Safove a zemrel 16. 6. 1946 v anglickem Baldocku. Po maturi te na nemecke obchodni akademii v Olomouci nastoupil Winder do redakce videnskeho levicove liberalniho listu "Wiener Zeitung" a zurnalistice zustal verny po cely zi vot. Jeho novinarske pusobeni je spj ato predevsim s prazskym nemeckym denikem "Deutsche Zeitung Bohemia", v nemz byl 25 let redaktorem. Po pocatecnim tvurcim hledani se Ludwig Winder venoval proze, v niz byl cenen predevsim pro svou vecnost a objektivitu. Pozornost kri tiky i ctenaru upoutal Winder romanem "Zidovske varhany", ktery je pokladan za j eho nejvyznamnejsi dilo. Asi v polovine 20. let dvacateho stoleti se Winder odklani od expresionismu, ktery se u neho plne projevil pouze v romanu "Kasai" z roku 1917, a v j eho tvorbe se prosadila pro neho tak typicka vecnost, ktera se ohlasovala jiz v drivejsich pracich a byla v souladu s li terarnim proudem nove vecnosti, prevladaj icim tehdy v nemecky psane literature. Za roman "Stefi aneb Dörrova rodina prekonava krizi" a s prihlednutim k dosavadni literarni...
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Philosophical and aphoristic short prose of Botho Strauß
Číhalová, Jitka ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
The famous contemporary German playwright Botho Strauß is also a prominent author of philosophical and aphoristic short prose, among others a volume named Paare, Passanten (Pairs, Passers by), which has been examined from the standpoints of formal, topical and ideological particularities. From the formal standpoint, the book is distinguished by occurrence of mixed literary forms dominated by short reflective, philosophical and personal notes, narrations and "portraits of moments", which bear both aphoristic and essayistic styles. The transitions between individual literary forms are often unclear and inconspicuous, even within an individual text. The texts are loosely connected to each other, yet they form a sophisticatedly composed series. The style of Strauß's texts is heavily enigmatic, fantastic and often allegorical. The texts are distinguished by a multilayered, at least dual structure (compare Welsch 26), which is typical for post-modernistic literature and offers to the reader a great variability in interpreting the allegorically encoded abstract phenomena, while the actual contents of these texts mainly depends on the contents of reader's mind. The central topic of the volume is the necessity, perceived by the author, to convey a historical continuity, which is to form a basis for creating a new...
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