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Legal regulation of ownership rights in Czechoslovakia in 1945-1989
Hrabcová, Alena ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor) ; Kuklík, Jan (referee)
117 8 LEGAL ADJUSTMENT OF RELATED OWNERSHIP IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA FROM 1945 UNTIL 1989 During our lifetime we all encounter the question of Personal Ownership. It's implication on the lives of individuals as well as on the society as a whole is often quite profound. The turbulent history of the Czech lands has had a major impact on the developement of the civil law and within it's framework on the Law of Ownership. The pupose of my thesis is to research and analyse these dramatic changes and modifications within the judicial system in Czechoslovakia during the communist era between the years 1945 and 1989. In particular I shall focus on how the comunist regime adapted and eventually changed the Property Law and within it the Law of Personal Ownership in order to suit the new political ideology. This was a greatly complicated period, full of changes which were reflected in many new legal rules and regulations. I would like to concentrate on those which in my view were most significant and most important. I shall also explore the historical, political and economical circumstances during which these changes occured. I shall aim to examin and to investigate how some of the constitutional and legal changes happened and why this finally led to almost total disregard of the citizen's rights to private ownership. By...
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Legal forms of persecution of citizens in the Protectorate 1939-1945
Vaněk, Tomáš ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
standards, on the basis of which the confiscation of Jewish property occurred, are also discussed and described. In conclusion I summed up the personal knowledge and impressions, which I acquired during this project and the study of special materials. At the very end I focused on the question of reparations and compensation for damages and crimes under the Protectorate caused by the Nazis, especially on the compensation of the Jewish population of the Czech lands. Key words / Klíčová slova: persecution - perzekuce, Protectorate - Protektorát, legal forms - právní formy
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International aspects of sentencing war criminals after 1945
Eichler, Jan ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
74 Summary Legal Aspects of International Punishment for Committing War Crimes after 1945 The Second World War was a global military conflict which involved majority of the world's nations and which became with more than 60 million victims the largest, deadliest and most devastating conflict in human history. The causes of the war were constituted by the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles, which enhanced the feeling of humiliation in defeated countries, especially in Germany, and economic crisis in the late twenties and thirties, commonly known as the Great Depression, which fundamentally undermined a large number of countries, thereby allowing the rise of the Nazis, led by Adolf Hitler, and other totalitarian regimes throughout Europe. The Second World War has been accompanied with unprecedented level of crimes against humanity, war crimes and inhumane treatment of prisoners of war. Unlike all previous conflicts the course of the fighting much more affected civilian population and led to huge rate of casualties. Victims among civilians account for two thirds of the estimated 60 million victims. Many civilians died because of disease, starvation, massacres, bombing and deliberate genocidal actions and other war crimes committed by German as well as Japanese forces on the Axis-occupied territories. The...
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Forced labour camps and their regulation in the legal order of Czechoslovakia
Musílková, Martina ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor) ; Adamová, Karolina (referee)
55 Závěr Hodnotit období tzv. padesátých let, byť "jen" z hlediska problematiky Táborů nucených prací a Pomocných technických praporů je velmi obtížný úkol. Složitý pro historiky, právníky, ale i současnou politickou scénu. Rehabilitace a především odškodnění lidí, nuceně nasazených, zůstává ještě dnes nedořešenou otázkou. Obávám se, že i v mnohých nedořešenou otázkou zůstane. Ať už z nedostatku relevantních informací, potažmo důkazů, tak ze strany státní moci, která dá, asi logicky, přednost aktuálním problémům. Téma své diplomové práce jsem si vybrala proto, že jsem o něm něco věděla z vlastní rodiny, ve které se vždy diskutovalo o všem. O tom, že moje prababička byla vystěhovaná ze statku jsem se dozvěděla už jako malá, stejně jako to, že rodiče matky nemohli studovat a těžko hledali práci mimo dělnické obory, přestože ukončili středoškolské vzdělání s maturitou. Prababička byla "přikázaná" do sběrného TNP v Dlažkovicích, kterému se vyhnula útěkem do Bratislavy, její statek byl znárodněn, zbytek rodiny vystěhován do vlastního, též ale znárodněného deputátního domku, kde byl trpěn. K jakési "nápravě" došlo až po listopadu 1989. Moje hodnocení tak může vyznít jako částečně subjektivní, i přes značný časový odstup. Pro většinu mojí generace je toto období dávnou historií, podobně jako II. světová válka,...
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