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The British Role in the German-Lithuanian Dispute over Klaipeda in 1930's: the Neumann-Sass Case
Homolová, Veronika ; Smetana, Vít (advisor) ; Puchalski, Piotr (referee)
In the spring of 1924, the Baltic sea coast territory of Klaipėda, formerly a region of East Prussia became an autonomous area administrated by the Republic of Lithuania. Given the mixed nationalities of the population, during the interwar period, Germany and Lithuania both pressured citizens to prefer one or the other nationality, which contributed to gradual radicalization and growing nationalist tendencies. The key outcome was the Kaunas process at the turn of 1934/35. Under the Law for the Protection of the Republic, 87 members of the Klaipėda national-socialist organizations CSA and SOVOG were convicted of conspiracy to annex the territory to Germany. The convictions led to an economic blockade of Lithuania by Germany and a massive pro-German propaganda campaign. The United Kingdom tried to settle the situation by increasing its trade activity with Lithuania, accompanied by diplomatic pressure on Lithuania to ease its stance against Germany. After Lithuania agreed to grant amnesties to those convicted of conspiracy, in 1936/37, German-Lithuanian economic relations were restored. However, in the late 1930s, the Republic of Lithuania became an easily blackmailed and diplomatically isolated state, forced to grant numerous concessions to its German minority population. The Lithuanian government...
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Edvard Beneš: foreign policy of the second Czechoslovak President and its development in 1938-1945
Oraiqat, Jakub ; Smetana, Vít (advisor) ; Šmidrkal, Václav (referee)
In this master's thesis I am researching the foreign policy of Edvard Beneš in 1938- 1945. Foreign policy of Czechoslovakia is closely linked to Beneš as he led it continuously since 1918 - first as a minister of foreign affairs and after 1935 as president. Beneš did reassess his foreign policy after the Munich Agreement and Czechoslovakia emerged from the World War II tightly connected to the Soviet Union without any western counterbalance. This shift in foreign policy subsequently led to transformation of Czechoslovakia into Soviet satellite which is frequent subject to criticism of Edvard Beneš. The goal of this thesis is to analyse the development of the second Czechoslovak President's foreign policy in 1938-1945 and to define the causes of the shift in the foreign policy of Czechoslovakia. I will be focusing mainly on the backgrounds of determining the foreign policy since Edvard Beneš' statements depended mainly on the audience. I want to accomplish that based on research of memoirs and many more documents. I will confront my interpretations of the primary sources with views from the secondary sources. One of the goals of this thesis is also to find out if it's possible to draw new and valuable conclusions by researching available primary sources.
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Edvard Beneš: foreign policy of the second Czechoslovak President and its development in 1938-1945
Oraiqat, Jakub ; Smetana, Vít (advisor) ; Šmidrkal, Václav (referee)
In this master's thesis I am researching the foreign policy of Edvard Beneš in 1938- 1945. Foreign policy of Czechoslovakia is closely linked to Beneš as he led it continuously since 1918 - first as a minister of foreign affairs and after 1935 as president. Beneš did reassess his foreign policy after the Munich Agreement and Czechoslovakia emerged from the World War II tightly connected to the Soviet Union without any western counterbalance. This shift in foreign policy subsequently led to transformation of Czechoslovakia into Soviet satellite which is frequent subject to criticism of Edvard Beneš. The goal of this thesis is to analyse the development of the second Czechoslovak President's foreign policy in 1938-1945 and to define the causes of the shift in the foreign policy of Czechoslovakia. I will be focusing mainly on the backgrounds of determining the foreign policy since Edvard Beneš' statements depended mainly on the audience. I want to accomplish that based on research of memoirs and many more documents. I will confront my interpretations of the primary sources with views from the secondary sources. One of the goals of this thesis is also to find out if it's possible to draw new and valuable conclusions by researching available primary sources.
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Anglo-iranian oil crisis. USA, Great Britain and Iranian oil, 1950-1953
Rendl, Adam ; Smetana, Vít (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes one of the most turbulent periods in Iranian history. When Muhammad Mosaddek came to power in 1950 and became Prime Minister of Iran, he enforced the law to nationalize the oil company AIOC, which was under control of Great Britain, which also owned majority of the company's concessions. The nationalization thus provoked an immediate dispute with the British government, which began to take action to return the oil company back to its own control. Not only diplomatic but also military and covert political activities began, which aimed to gradually weaken Mossadek's position so that he could be removed in the event of a failure of diplomatic negotiations. The United States initially vehemently protested against such activities. President Truman believed that the escalation of the situation in Iran could cause the country to tend towards the Soviet Union and thus cause communism to penetrate the Middle East. However, as the situation gradually escalated and the necessary agreement was still not reached, the Americans began to reconsider their position. This change of attitude eventually culminated into the organization of a coup through which MI6 and mainly CIA overthrew Muhammad Mosaddek, bringing Iran into a period of more than 20 years of dictatorship. In the first...
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The Influence of Nazi propagandy on Olympic Games in 1936
Peroutková, Anna-Marie ; Kyncl, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Smetana, Vít (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the influence of Nazi propaganda on the Olympic Games in 1936. It describes the preparation and organization of the Winter Olympic Games in Garmisch- Partenkirchen and the Summer Olympic Games in Berlin. The main goal of the thesis is to find out whether the regime of the organizing country influenced the course of such an important sporting event and possibly to what extent. The Nazis were originally opposed to the idea of hosting the Olympic Games, but eventually came to the conclusion that this was a unique opportunity to present the Third Reich in the best light and gain the favour of world opinion and depict a positive image of Germany. After Adolf Hitler came to power, over time, sport was identified as one of the priorities of Nazi education, which was to strengthen and prepare the German youth for the future war. During this time, Jews were increasingly expelled from society and became second-class. Their fate in Germany provoked a wave of resentment abroad. Despite numerous boycotts of the Olympic Games, however, a record number of states and athletes took part in the Olympics in Germany. The representatives of the participating States were reassured by the promise of equal conditions for all participants in the Games. This pushed the Jewish question into...
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