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Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis
Veselá, Kristýna ; Kužela, Lubomír (advisor) ; Raška, Ivan (referee)
Aquamin is an unique multimineral complex, which comes from a red sea algae Lithothamnion Calcareum. In addition of calcium and magnesium, Aquamin contains next 72 important trace minerals. Its unique structure, which evokes honeycomb and its content of polymorf forms of the calcium carbonate, are probably responsible for its better bioavailability for the human body. This property was tested in many studies, which often measured a level of parathormone in the serum. This hormone is responsible for the calcium resorption from bones. Aquamin decreases the parathormone level in the serum and it is so a right product in the fight with osteoporose and osteopenia. In the market many preparations with Aquamin have been already found out, it is so available for all patients. Aquamin is a fully natural product, vegetable source, Organic certified. Key words: Osteoporose, Aquamin, parathormone, calcium, magnesium
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Influence of dietary calcium intake on bone mineral density and influence of vitamin D on bone mineral density.
Dominik, Michal ; Raška, Ivan (advisor) ; Brábníková Marešová, Kristýna (referee)
This theses summarizes the knowledge of calcium, vitamin D and it's effect on bone mineral density. The theoretical part includes a view of osteoporosis in terms of causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this disease. The research includes a summary of the data obtained from the questionnaires and densitometric examination of Osteocenter 3rd Department of Internal Medicine of 1st Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and VFN in Prague and their assessment of calcium and vitamin D intake in relation to the value of bone mineral density. The results obtained from the collection of questionnaires and densitometric examination appeared that higher calcium intake ensures higher BMD as for women, this wasn't confirmed concerning men. Vitamin D has also a major impact on the value of bone mineral density. The questionnaires show lower intake of this vitamin. Calcium and vitamin D are irreplaceable in terms of bone mineral density, therefore their regular daily intake is very essential. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The diet calcium intake among adolescent girls in aerobic gymnastics
Kudláčková, Tereza ; Raška, Ivan (advisor) ; Michalská, Dana (referee)
Nutrition with sufficient content of calcium is important for optimal growth and development of the skeleton. Insufficient intake of this mineral during adolescence can have negative effects on bone in the form of not reaching the peak bone mass, the amount of which formed at this time subsequently affects the health of bones during the rest of life. For girls doing aerobic gymnastics, bone health can also be compromised by other factors related to the risks of this aesthetic sport. The main goals of this thesis were to determine the daily dietary calcium intake and the awareness of the importance of calcium in the diet of girls doing aerobic gymnastics. For the research of the girls' knowledge an electronic questionnaire was used and it was completed by 92 respondents at the age of 12-18 years across performance categories of aerobic gymnastics. Based on the answered questions, it was found that the respondents' knowledge of this issue is unsatisfying. To determine the amount of calcium ingested by diet, 4-6 days diets were written by 11 members of aerobic gymnastics representation. After calculation of these diets, the insufficient daily intake of dietary calcium was found and it averaged about half of the recommended values. From the analysis of the diets it was also found out, that the girls...
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The effect of metabolic surgery in obese patients to calcium-phosphate metabolism and serum concentrations of some micronutrients
Černá, Martina ; Raška, Ivan (advisor) ; Michalská, Dana (referee)
This thesis focuse on bariatric-metabolic surgery and its impact on serum concentrations of various metabolic parameters. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. Basic facts about bariatric-metabolic surgery such as its history, indications, contraindications, surgical methods and their results, nutrition after surgery and the frequency of micronutrient's deficits are described in the theoretical part. Furthermore, information about calcium-phosphate metabolism and metabolites such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, vitamin K, parathyroid hormone and osteomarkers is also included. The influence of nutrition and nutritional status on the quality of bone tissue is also mentioned. Last section of the theoretical part is focused on the important vitamins and minerals. The practical part discusses measurements of selected metabolites in serum before and half a year after the surgery. Results of questionnaires which were given to respondents are also included. Questionnaires were focused on lifestyle, nutrition, physical activities and whether the patients take some supplements of micronutrients and protein concentrates. The goal of this work is to evaluate the effect of the surgery on serum concentrations of metabolic parameters and their effect on the health and...
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Nutrition and Bone Density of Patients of Osteocentre, 3rd Medical Department, General Faculty Hospital in Prague.
Staroveská, Natálie ; Raška, Ivan (advisor) ; Michalská, Dana (referee)
This thesis deals with the relationship between bone quality and lifestyle factors with a focus on nutrition, tobacco use, alcohol consumption and physical activity. The theoretical part of the thesis presents general knowledge about bones, their composition, structure, bone division, growth and development of bones. The next two chapters describe the process of bone remodeling and calcium- phosphate metabolism. The work describes in detail the factors influencing the quality of bone mass, especially those that can be affected, such as the use of tobacco products, alcohol, some drugs and sufficient physical activity. A separate chapter is devoted to the influence of diet on the quality of bone mass. The most common disorders of calcium-phosphate metabolism and their treatment are described as well. The last chapter of the practical part is devoted to the examination of bone metabolism. The aim of the practical part of the diploma thesis was to examine the eating habits and other components of the lifestyle (smoking, physical activity, etc.) of patients of Osteocentre, 3rd Medical Department, General Faculty Hospital in Prague and to find out how these components correlate with the results of densitometric examination of the patients. Data collection was ensured by means of a questionnaire survey,...
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Calcium intake in individuals with dietary restrictions of milk and dairy foods
Novák, Ondřej ; Meisnerová, Eva (advisor) ; Raška, Ivan (referee)
The goal of my master's thesis is to research calcium intake in individuals with partial or complete dietary restriction of milk and dairy products. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part mostly originates from foreign scholarly articles and describes calcium from various points of view. This part informs about calcium's functions in different parts of a human body, describes its metabolism and factors that could alter it. Furthermore, it describes homeostasis and results of homeostasis corruption. Additionally, this thesis analyses disorders related to calcium phosphate metabolism disorder like osteoporosis, osteomalatia and rachitis. Another disorder analyzed is lactose intolerance and cow's milk protein allergy which are disorders requiring restriction of milk and dairy products. The theoretical part also discusses content and efficiency of calcium in different articles of nutrition as well as daily recommended dosages appropriate for age and sex of individual. The practical part consists of a questionnaire aimed at calcium intake in researched group. Among other things the questionnaire investigates lifestyle of respondents and lifestyle connected risk factors of disorders like osteoporosis. It considers other osteoporosis risk factors such as disorders,...
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Risk of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: nutritional factors
Skalníková, Karolína ; Zikán, Vít (advisor) ; Raška, Ivan (referee)
Introduction: Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone mechanical resistance due to decreased bone mass and/or bone quality defects. The incidence of osteoporosis has been increasing in developed countries. The reason for this is a lifestyle change in terms of a decrease in physical activity and an increase in life expectancy, which is also related to an increase in the number of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance, insulin deficiency and hyperglycaemia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis often occur together. Some authors consider osteoporosis to be a chronic complication of type 2 diabetes. Objective: The objective of this thesis is to evaluate dietary habits and intakes of selected nutrients in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and compare this with recommended values and with control group of women without type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to assess possible relationships to the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Methods: Dietary habits and intakes of selected nutrients were evaluated on the basis of questionnaires and an analysis of three-day dietary plans. Energy, essential nutrients, fiber, sodium, calcium and...
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Calcium intake in the diet of profesional golfers
Chlubnová, Kateřina ; Raška, Ivan (advisor) ; Michalská, Dana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the intake of calcium within the nutrition of professional golfers. The group of examined individuals involves people aged 18 to 66 years old. The theoretical part describes the basic functions of calcium within an organism, its metabolism, food source, recommended daily intake and diseases related to calcium deficiency. Thetheoretical part also deals with golf, describes this sport from its history to the golf swing and strain of individual parts of human body. It refers to unilateral strain during the finish in golf swing, that is fatal mostly to lumbar spine. Due to the physical strain that golf causes, it is necessary to warm up the body properly before physical activity and mainly ensure sufficent nutrient intake to which calcium mainly belongs out of the group of micronutrients. The practical part involves a survey undertaken by means quantitative questionnaire survey, with its purpose to find out the food consumption with higher calcium content within the chosen target group, that comprises of professional golfers visiting the Golf Club Hostivař in Prague. The results are evaluated using graphs and are compared to recommended daily intake of calcium.
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