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Methods of Input Segmentation for Simultaneous Speech Translation
Ryšlink, Václav ; Bojar, Ondřej (advisor) ; Polák, Peter (referee)
Segmentation methods are an essential part of the simultaneous machine translation process because, in the ideal case, they split the input into chunks whose translation is independent of any forthcoming context. Furthermore, the optimal splitting should also ensure that the segments with the previous characterization have minimal lengths. However, there is still no agreement about the rules that should produce such an optimal splitting. Therefore, we started with the annotation of the ESIC dataset by simulating a perfect human interpreter with an infinite amount of time and resources. Then we proposed multiple segmentation methods that we compared to each other in terms of segments' lengths, counts, and statistics of the most frequently split types of words. Apart from the segmentation methods, we also implemented and analyzed two variants of neural machine translation models - one trained solely on complete sentences and the other finetuned with partial translations. Finally, we evaluated the translation quality and delay of segments produced by splitting methods with the SLTev evaluation toolkit and discussed the effect of both machine translation models on the results.
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Spoken Language Translation via Phoneme Representation of the Source Language
Polák, Peter ; Bojar, Ondřej (advisor) ; Peterek, Nino (referee)
We refactor the traditional two-step approach of automatic speech recognition for spoken language translation. Instead of conventional graphemes, we use phonemes as an intermediate speech representation. Starting with the acoustic model, we revise the cross-lingual transfer and propose a coarse-to-fine method providing further speed-up and performance boost. Further, we review the translation model. We experiment with source and target encoding, boosting the robustness by utilizing the fine-tuning and transfer across ASR and SLT. We empirically document that this conventional setup with an alternative representation not only performs well on standard test sets but also provides robust transcripts and translations on challenging (e.g., non-native) test sets. Notably, our ASR system outperforms commercial ASR systems. 1
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Triangle mesh decimation
Polák, Peter ; Pelikán, Josef (advisor) ; Krajíček, Václav (referee)
Modern 3D scenners produce detailed and vast scenes consisting of huge number of triangles. This thesis is dedicated to simplification of such triangu- lar meshes with attributes. The problem of reducing the number of triangles is studied as an optimization problem. Couple algorithms and approaches are introduced as solution of inner and outer optimization process. Finally, three simplification algorithms are introduced. The goal is not only to preserve the geometry of the mesh, but also its attributes such as textures and normals. Results are compared with existing solutions. The result of thesis is a complete software with graphical user interface. This software is able to load and display mesh, decimate it with user defined algorithm and parameters. Eventually, it's possible to export the scene.
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The Criminal Means of Dealing with Organized Crime
Coufalová, Bronislava ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Sváček, Jan (referee) ; Polák, Peter (referee)
Presented dissertation is devoted to the criminal means of dealing with organized crime. Recently the organized crime has undoubtedly belonged to the category of most serious problems that the individual countries, including the Czech Republic, have had to cope with especially in the field of legislature. In our country this phenomenon became more visible after the fall of the totalitarian regime when the borders were opened. This resulted in the boost in the activity of foreign criminal societies and domestic criminal societies consequently. However, at the beginning the Czech legislature did not take any serious action thus providing free space for the organized crime to establish itself in the Czech Republic. It was the intensive calls for an action that would react to the current situation which spurred the legislature to make several more or less crucial changes prevailing up to now. When dealing with the organized crime, the tools of criminal substantive as well as procedural law appear to be the most effective ones. The organized crime as the most serious type of group crime can be effectively dealt with only through specific criminal-law institutes and mechanisms which can adequately fight against this phenomenon as far as revealing the perpetrators, penalizing and finally destroying the...
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Criminal Legal Regulation of Fraudulent Conducts against Property
Heranová, Simona ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Polák, Peter (referee) ; Sváček, Jan (referee)
Dissertation: Criminal Legal Regulation of Fraudulent Conducts against Property Author: Simona Heranová Department: Department of Criminal Law Supervisor: Prof. JUDr. Jiří Jelínek, CSc. Keywords: Criminal offence, principle of subsidiarity of criminal repression, fraud, insurance fraud, credit fraud, grant fraud, damaging the EU's financial interests, Protection of property has been settled as one of the interests protected by criminal law, but the formulation of facts of criminal acts sanctioning fraudulent conduct has always interfered with some specific aspects of this type of crime, chiefly consisting in the diversity of methods of how to conduct the fraud. Taking a comprehensive view of criminal legislation sanctioning the fraud against property in the Czech criminal law in terms of the most basic facts of the crime the author of this dissertation depicts to what extent this legislation is unsettled and ambiguous even - while dealing with partial problems, which however have the same principles - inconsistent. By creating a common ground, putting accepted conclusions and assumptions from the literature and judicial practice in context, so far unsolved problems are drawn. These come especially with newly formulated and fundamentally altered facts of crime within the analyzed area, where the...
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