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SERS-TAGS: Selective immobilization and detection of bacteria using specific antibodies and surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Benešová, Markéta ; Bernatová, Silvie ; Samek, Ota ; Pokorná, Zuzana ; Mika, Filip ; Kizovský, Martin ; Pilát, Zdeněk
Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive instrumental analytical technique based on Raman scattering, which is the inelastic scattering of photons that occurs when interacting with electrons in chemical bonds. With the help of Raman spectroscopy, chemical compounds, their mixtures and biological samples, including living organisms, can be analyzed very quickly, non-contactly and non-destructively. The performed measurements can be compared with spectra databases. A problem with Raman spectroscopy is that samples sometimes give a weak signal that is often overlaid by intense fluorescence. SERS (surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy) is used to amplify Raman scattering.
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Anthracycline cardiotoxicity and study of new pharmacological cardioprotectants
Pokorná, Zuzana ; Štěrba, Martin (advisor) ; Mičuda, Stanislav (referee) ; Štengl, Milan (referee)
Title: Anthracycline cardiotoxicity and study of new pharmacological cardioprotectants This Ph.D. thesis is a commented collection of 3 original articles published in international journals. The first part deals with cardiotoxicity of proteasome inhibitors (PI) bortezomib and carfilzomib, which are biologically targeted drugs with a suspected risk of cardiotoxicity and heart failure (HF). As PIs are now being combined with anthracycline (ANT) anticancer drugs, which are well known for their damaging impact on the heart, a special attention was paid to this potentially risky combination. In vitro experiments with primary cardiomyocytes yielded different results depending on the employment of either neonatal or adult rat cardiomyocyte model (NVCM and AVCM, respectively). In particular, both PIs significantly increased toxicity of ANTs to NVCM, but not to AVCM, even though they inhibited proteasome activity in AVCM even more effectively. Both PIs administered in maximally tolerated doses in combination with ANT did not have a significant impact on the development of chronic ANT cardiotoxicity and HF in rabbits. Both PIs induced significant but relatively short-lived inhibition of proteasome activity in the heart, which might explain why they did not have a significant impact on a protein homeostasis...
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Production of polymer optical elements and their analysis by electron microscopy
Motlová, Tereza ; Sobola, Dinara (referee) ; Pokorná, Zuzana (advisor)
There is a great demand nowadays for optical components with high quality and efficiency, yet as lightweight and low-priced as possible. These requirements are met by micro-optical elements. The aim of this work is to design and manufacture a polymer micro-optical element for aberration correction in a Czerny-Turner type spectroscope that had previously been constructed at the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Science. The design was carried out with the help of of the ZEMAX OpticStudio ver. 21 optical design software. The element was manufactured using the technique of two-photon polymeration and nanoimprint lithography. Surface quality, profile verification and presence of defects was checked using confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The micro-optical element was then successfully incorporated into the spectroscope.
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The classical and modern form of the fairytale: K. J. Erben and J. Mahen
POKORNÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor's thesis aims to compare two forms of the author's fairy tale, the classic of Karel Jaromír Erben and the modernist of Jiří Mahen. First, we focus on the individual identical and different elements between the fairy tales examined. The work Morphology of a Fairy Tale by V. J. Propp and other professional literature will help us with our analysis. The following theoretical chapter is devoted to a deeper acquaintance with individual publications. In the end, we will summarize all the findings.
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Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity and Study of New Pharmacological Cardioprotectants
Pokorná, Zuzana ; Štěrba, Martin (advisor) ; Červenka, Luděk (referee) ; Štengl, Milan (referee)
Title: Anthracycline cardiotoxicity and study of new pharmacological cardioprotectants This Ph.D. thesis is a commented collection of 3 original articles published in international journals. The first part deals with cardiotoxicity of proteasome inhibitors (PI) bortezomib and carfilzomib, which are biologically targeted drugs with a suspected risk of cardiotoxicity and heart failure (HF). As PIs are now being combined with anthracycline (ANT) anticancer drugs, which are well known for their damaging impact on the heart, a special attention was paid to this potentially risky combination. In vitro experiments with primary cardiomyocytes yielded different results depending on the employment of either neonatal or adult rat cardiomyocyte model (NVCM and AVCM, respectively). In particular, both PIs significantly increased toxicity of ANTs to NVCM, but not to AVCM, even though they inhibited proteasome activity in AVCM even more effectively. Both PIs administered in maximally tolerated doses in combination with ANT did not have a significant impact on the development of chronic ANT cardiotoxicity and HF in rabbits. Both PIs induced significant but relatively short-lived inhibition of proteasome activity in the heart, which might explain why they did not have a significant impact on a protein homeostasis...
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Bacterial STDs and knowledge of selected students about the issue
Pokorná, Zuzana ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to find out the awareness of selected grammar and secondary school students about the issue of STDs. It was carried out by a standardized questionnaire, distributed among selected grammar and secondary school students. My bachelor's thesis contains theoretical part dealing with specific bacterial STDs. The individual chapters summarize especially the prevention of bacterial STDs, possible ways of infection, courses of the diseases, treatment, diagnostics and consequences of these diseases. In the practical part of the bachelor's dissertation, a survey was carried out at a chosen school, which concerns the recognition of symptoms of the diseases and general awareness of the topic bych smazala of the sexually transmitted diseases. I have come up with brief suggestios, which are mentioned in the text, based on the results of my survey.
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Possibilites of a secondary electrons bandpass filter for standard SEM
Mika, Filip ; Pokorná, Zuzana ; Konvalina, Ivo ; Khursheed, A.
Secondary electron filtering in Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) has been in use for over\na decade. This technique uncovers interesting contrasts in an otherwise ordinary SEM image\nwhich can possibly be used for dopant concentration mapping or for discerning the slight molecular weight differences in apparently homogeneous organic materials. Secondary\nelectron filtering of semiconductor samples seems very promising as it may shed light on the mechanism of SEM image contrast between p-doped and n-doped semiconductors, possibly\nallowing to determine dopant concentration from SEM image alone.
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Recent Trends in Charged Particle Optics and Surface Physics Instrumentation. Proceedings of the 16th International Seminar
Mika, Filip ; Pokorná, Zuzana
The origins of the seminar “Recent Trends in Charged Particle Optics and Surface Physics Instrumentation” date back into the eighties, when as a part of the isolated “Eastern Bloc”, we were short of English-language books, papers and conferences. In 1990, at the second Seminar, there were as many as 30 participants from 5 countries. The third Seminar in 1992 was moved to hotel Skalský dvur in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands where it has been held as a biannual meeting ever since.\nThe Seminar takes place in a secluded lakeside hotel surrounded by beautiful nature and calm forests, so all participants have a great possibility to see each other every day and to discuss their topics of interest in more detail. This is a great advantage compared to the huge bustling conferences with their many parallel sections, which are a lively celebration of science but\nsometimes it is difficult to meet there the person with whom you want to discuss a particular scientific topic in more detail.\nFrom the very beginning, the Seminar has been conceived as a meeting devoted more to asking questions not answered yet, than to reporting results. This spirit is usually less present in the introductory presentations and posters but is dominant in the following discussions.\n
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Understanding of Majority Language and Romani language among preschool population
Pokorná, Zuzana ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor) ; Burešová, Karolína (referee)
This thesis is devoted to the issue of understanding Romani and the majority languages by Romani preschoolers in order to consider the possibility of introducing Romani language in schools. Also it analyses the influence of using Romani language on the ability to perform age-appropriate tasks by Roma preschoolers. The work is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part presents a summary of the relevant works on school failure of Romani children with an emphasis on their language handicap. We also pay attention to the theory of language shift, language code, and subtractive bilingualism. In the second, empirical part a primary research is carried out examining the degree of understanding Romani and majority languages in three locations in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. As a methodology, a mixed research design was chosen. It was divided into two phases. During the first phase a field research was conducted, followed by quantitative evaluation of tasks performed by the Romani preschoolers in the second phase. Research has shown, that there are different linguistic situations in the surveyed locations and therefore no generic measure can be introduced. At the same time the outcomes rejected the presumption that children who speak Romani better than the majority language will be more successful in...
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