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Causes of Civil Wars: The Influence of Natural Resurces Extractive Technologies on the Probability of Civil War Outbreak
Klosek, Kamil ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This study aimed to provide more general knowledge about the mechanisms which link natural resources with civil war outbreaks. The theoretical point of departure was the feasibility hypothesis hypothesis of Collier et al. (2009) in which the authors state that the paramount interest of researchers of civil wars should be directed at the structural conditions within a country. One of their assertions pertained to the role of natural resources. Those provide a potential revenue source for insurgents to finance their rebellion. Hence, the higher the dependence of a state on natural resource exports, the higher should be the probability of civil war outbreak. However, this account was heavily criticized by other researchers. Some claimed that the conceptualization of the Primary Commodity Exports (PCE) variable does not cover relevant natural resources (Fearon 2005), others pointed at the problem of reversed causality and endogeneity (Gleditsch 1998) and also others stressed to differentiate between different natural resources according to their proneness to be looted by rebels (Ross 2003). In order to address these problems, a new variable was conceptualized. The "extraction feasibility" variable measures the degree of extractability of a particular resource. It is composed of two notions, namely...
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Asymmetric conflicts 1989-2001 in quantitative analysis
Kasperová Bubrlová, Markéta ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
Asymmetric Conflicts from 1989 - 2001 in quantitative analysis Abstract Following paper discuses two significant concepts in the area of asymmetric warfare. Both are dealing with the phenomenon of weak actors winning in armed conflicts. Ivan Arreguín-Toft is discussing the role of strategic asymmetry and concludes that the strategy actors choose is directly influencing the result of the conflict. Andrew Mack is dealing with the interest asymmetry, saying that strong actors tend to lose because their interest to win is usually weaker than that of their small opponents. In the same time strong actors are politically more vulnerable based on the level of democracy. Both theories are tested by quantitative analysis of all asymmetric conflicts that took place between 1989 and 2000. Values related to strategies, results, strength of the actors, interest and level of democracy are assigned to all conflicts based on information provided in conflict and other databases.
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Politicization of the European Commission
Laščiak, Dušan ; Knutelská, Viera (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
The thesis deals with the concept of politicization of the European Commission. It stems from the assumption that the new election procedure of the President of the Commission which is connected to the nomination of so-called Spitzenkandidaten, i.e. the lead candidates of the political parties before the elections to the European Parliament, led to the strengthening of the Parliament and subsequent politicization of the Commission. The new President of the Commission thus comes from the strongest political party which ran the elections with his candidature. The thesis formulates four hypotheses while focusing on three main areas which might be influenced by politicization: public opinion awareness, strengthening of the political affiliation of the commissioners as well as of the whole College of commissioners, and change of its inner composition - the political experience should become more prominent when choosing the suitable candidates for the commissioners. The analysis shows that it is possible to trace a positive trend in public opinion awareness from the side of the European Commission. Furthermore, it indicates the political assignment of individual portfolios among commissioners. On the other hand, the strengthening of the political affiliation of the Commissions and the change of the inner...
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Implementation of immigration policy by European Comission in period 1999 - 2014
Melíšek, David ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
The thesis examines immigration politic of European commission, respectively its implementation, on the basis of three programmes of European council (Tampere, Hague and Stockholm). It tries to show, whether can the theory of failed policy, which states that countries are not able to control immigration, be applied also for the European union. From the programmes are earmared individual goals, which should European commission start to implement in the next quinquennial period. On their basis then runs the research itself, divided into two parts. First of them tries to answer, whether European commission did fulfill the goals of individual programmes through its regulations, directives and recommendations. The second part reasearches, how were selected legislative proposals implemented in practise and if they served to their purpose. Both parts are interconnected, so that they correspond to individual programmes.
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Women in CIA: From Typists to Trailblazers?
Uková, Martina ; Bureš, Oldřich (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
The diploma thesis Women in CIA: From Typists to Trailblazers? analyzes the role of women in the CIA. The development of female workforce within the CIA is tracked in connection to key reforms of the American intelligence community and demands of liberal feminism. The thesis mainly deals with the change of the role of women in the US society and studies areas of intelligence work where gender discrimination against women took place. Although in the past years the number of women on different positions in the CIA proportionally increased, the Agency top management faces a relative scarcity of women. This lower representation of women in the CIA's leadership can diminish effective accomplishment of the CIA's mission. Key Agency's report served for analysis of the transformation of the status of women in the CIA and also for indentifying concrete problems leading to scarcity of women in the CIA's leadership. The author also proposed some incentives for enhancing female representation in the Agency top management.
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Dublin system's impact on asylum policy in the Czech Republic
Svobodová, Nikola ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Knutelská, Viera (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to analyze the application of the Dublin system in the Czech Republic. The descriptive part of the thesis is mapping the development of the Dublin system, criteria and mechanisms for determining the Member State responsible for examining an asylum application lodged in one of the Member States, and Eurodac database, complementing the entire Dublin system. The descriptive part is followed by analytical part. This part analyzes the Dublin cases and their links to asylum requests. Specifically, it is concerned with the number of Dublin cases in the Czech Republic together with their breakdown to sent and received requests and also breakdown according to nationalities of the Dublin cases. The analysis concludes that the Dublin mode contributed to the decrease of the asylum requests in the Czech Republic, but it has not influenced the nationality composition of the asylum seekers. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Perception of Russia power status from point of view of Western powers
Haleš, Richard Samuel ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut politologických studií Bc. Richard S. Haleš Vnímání mocenského postavení Ruska z perspektivy západních velmocí Abstract Over twenty years had passed since the world was separated into two spheres represented by two superpowers. During that time international relations changed and formerly separated Europe began to cooperate and new alliances were formed. Former superpower USSR collapsed and Federation of Russia is the transformed successor and world power. International scene has changed and simultaneously international relations. Also the power of Russia was reduced after the collapse of USSR. But even so Russia with its size, with the population of 141 mil., with all the nuclear arm power and high reserves of mineral resources remains a significant regional and world power. Main aim of this work is to find out how western powers consider Russia as a power. We cannot address such issue only from the perspective of Russia potential or from the perspective of our mass media where people can get the feeling that Russia is on its way to conquer whole Europe. We should be much more interested in the approach to Russia from representatives of various countries from Euro Atlantic area. From the area which was tied very closely to the Cold war. This thesis...
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The Gender Pay Gap within the European Union
Ederová, Michaela ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Knutelská, Viera (referee)
The thesis describes the gender pay gap and evaluates it from the view of the European Union and the Member States. It focuses on the measures and instruments that have been developed to tackle the causes of the gender pay gap. The definition of the pay gap is given and the gender and gender roles are described. The gender pay gap as a systematic underpayment of women is measured using adjusted and unadjusted data. The thesis concerns with primary causes of the gender pay gap, such as the horizontal and vertical segregation, differences in human capital, or discrimination. It deals with the gender pay gap at the level of the European Union and at the level of the individual Members States. The role of the European Union is described and assessed as well as its legislative and non-legislative instruments. The focus is on the proactive measures that contribute to solving the primary causes of the gender pay gap. The positive action measures and family-friendly measures are presented.
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Cuban missile crisis through security dilemma theory view
Demko, Marián ; Eichler, Jan (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
Bibliografický záznam DEMKO, Marián. Kubánska kríza z pohľadu teorie bezpečnostnej dilemy. Praha, 2016. 104 s. Rigorózna práca (PhDr.) Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut politologických studií. Katedra mezinárodních vztahů. Vedoucí diplomové práce Doc. PhDr. Jan Eichler, CSc. Abstract Subject of this work is Cuban missile crisis from security dilemma theory point of view. This crisis, as one of the most important confrontation between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics during Cold War period, allows us to illustrate processes and dynamics of security dilemma in relations between superpowers. For analytical purposes, this work addresses several viewpoints of the issue. At the first place, it is theoretical viewpoint. Here the works focuses on neorealism, which was chosen as theoretical basis and on perception of international relations through its optic. As next it describes concept of security dilemma, as well as questions of security threats perception by actors of international relations and of mistakes, that can occur during that perception. Following is a historic viewpoint, where the work delivers brief chronological overview of progress of the crisis, as well as its final solution. Major part is then the analytical viewpoint. Here, in the first...
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Europeanisation of urban development policy: Comparative case study : UK and Germany
Zoubková, Věra Thea ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Martin (referee)
Věra Thea Zoubková Europeanization of Urban Development Policy Comparative Case Study: UK and Germany Diploma Thesis Abstract This thesis deals with the vertical (top-down, bottom up) and horizontal Europeanization of urban development policy. Involvement in EU-sponsored programmes has provided urban institutions with unprecedented access to new sources of information, legitimacy, and financial support. This thesis seeks to evaluate whether European working has provoked shifts in the institutionalised norms and values at the national and city level, focusing on the experience of Great Britain and Germany. The legacy of the Bristol Accord and the Leipzig Charter, two examples of the uploading of national policy, is then examined. It can be argued that by drawing closely on domestic policy agenda, as well as wide ranging-nature of the agenda, little has resulted from the UK's contribution to the emerging EU urban agenda. This contrasts with the more sustained legacy of the Leipzig Charter. And third, the involvement of British and German cities, as well as impact of their participation in European urban cooperation programs is examined and evaluated. It is argued that previous experiences with the programs facilitate joining in other EU projects of city cooperation.
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