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Effectiveness of active labour policy focused to training programs in Czech republic during the years 2005 - 2011
Schreiberová, Anna ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse rate of effectiveness of retraining programs in Czech republic during the years from 2005 to 2015. For measuring of efficiency is used method of gross effects of retraining programs, which are getting information about success rate of engagement in labour market. Part of thesis is an evaluation of focus of retraining programs on individual groups of applicants according to whereas socialdemografic criteriors in dependence on danger of rise of unemployment. The results of the analysis show that retraining programs are effective tool of active labour market policy to reduce unemployment. 60 to 70 % of job applicants succesfully find an employment within 12 months of entering the evidence of the employment. Analysis of targeting point out dificiencies of the courses targeted towards disadvantages groups, which achieve lower gross effects. The thesis concludes that training programs seem to be efficient labor police measure to eliminate unemployment.
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Wage discrimination in the labor market in the Czech Republic from 2005 - 2014
Veľasová, Lenka ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Chmelová, Pavla (referee)
In this bachelor dissertation work is studied the use of regression analysis of wage development. This analyse the situation before and after possible impact of the antidiscrimination law on the wage situation of women and men in the labor market. The theoretical part is intended construction of work concepts such as equality, discrimination and its types and forms. Together with clarifying the content of the antidiscrimination law passed in 2009. The practical part contains an analysis of the macroeconomic situation for the period 2005-2014 and analysis of the factors directly affecting the level of wages. Attention is given to the period after 2009, which should theoretically lead to the improvement in the wage situation of women and eliminate discrimination. Although, we follow a very strong correlation between the examined factors and wages, wage differences are objectively justified and therefore we cannot talk about discrimination. This is justified by numbers which demonstrates the ineffectiveness of the anti-discrimination law.
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Government debt and debt service of Czech Republic in the period 2000-2015
Krpata, Jan ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Chmelová, Pavla (referee)
The bachelor thesis analyzes the setting of fiscal policy, the development of government debt and debt service in the Czech Republic in the period 2000-2015. The theoretical part is focused on explaining the main technical terms in the field of government finance. The main part is devoted to theoretical optimal fiscal policy and the possible methods of evaluation. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the development of the Czech government debt with the aim to analyze the setting of fiscal policy in the examined period. The quality of governmental institutions predictions, which serve as a basis for budget planning, is also assessed. The last part analyzes the development of debt service and provides a two-year prediction of fiscal policy and debt service. The results show that the government implements mainly procyclical fiscal policy which deepens the business cycles.
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Vliv ropných šoků na ekonomiky USA a Venezuely od 70. let do současnosti
Pavlíček, Vojtěch ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
This paper attempts to define the impact of the oil price shocks on the economy. In the theory paper examines the general impact of the changes in the oil prices on the economy and the possibility of the central bank to respond to these changes, which proves to be quite difficult due to the time lag in the effectiveness of monetary policy. The practical part includes, inter alia, the development of the oil shocks of the 70s, with a focus on the latest crisis of 2014 the economy of the United States and Venezuela. In the US case is detected dual impact. Despite the negative impact on the individual segments of the economy, however, it can be argued that the low price of oil for the US is positive stimulus. On the contrary, the Venezuelan economy is experiencing within the low prices as export economy clearly negative shock, which uncovered nonfunctional economic system.
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Influence ot the Income from Oil Industry on the Economies of United Arab Emirates and Algeria in the years 2000 - 2015
Weiss, Tomáš ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pekárek, Štěpán (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the influence of the income from oil industry on the economies of Algeria and the United Arab Emirates in the years 2000-2015. The topic is analysed from the point of view of the resource curse theory. This theory is defined as a negative relationship between excess of a non-renewable resource and economic performance. Alongside with the negative economic growth, the experts defined other factors linked to the resource curse. The method used in the thesis is an analysis of these indicators on the example of Algeria and the UAE, and subsequently the dangers of resource curse are identified. The thesis evaluates, based on the comparison of the performance of selected factors, the economical and institutional development of the chosen countries. In the conclusion the diversification efforts of the UAE in the economic field and relatively safe economic development of Algeria are commented. More or less positive tendencies may be observed also in the development of most of the institutional indicators of both countries.
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The impact on the european automotive industry by the free trade agreement between the European Union and Japan
Knittelová, Tereza ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pekárek, Štěpán (referee)
The European Union is negotiating a free trade agreement with Japan since 2013. The subject of this diploma theses is to analyze how this agreement can influence either automotive industry. In order to understand the agreements possible influence, classical, neoclassical, contemporary and alternative theories of international trade and international trade policies are being examined. It is then analyzed what the agreement aims to accomplish in context of the Japanese macroeconomic, the history of trade relations and development, the current trade situation, production and demand on both markets. Finally, the agreement is compared to an existing agreement with Republic of Korea which is in a similar scenario. The result is that an increase of luxury cars being imported by each side is the most likely outcome.
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Estimate VAT selection after the introduction of electronic evidence of sales in the Czech Republic from 2016
Píchal, Dominik ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zeman, Martin (referee)
The Bachelors Thesis focuses on the topic of the tax collection and other subjects that are related to the topic like underground economy, tax evasion and other instruments that lead to the efficiency improvement of the tax collection. Electronic evidence of taxes in Czech is the kind of the instrument that aims towards the increase of the tax collection and improvement of the control of the taxpayer. Comparation and analysis was used for its methodological basis. Analysis and comparison serves as the proof that the thesis, of the electronic evidence of taxes beeing an effective instrument, is correct. The merit of the thesis is an overall description of the chosen phenomena affecting the tax collection, description of the models of electronic evidence of taxes from abroad and most importantly description and analysis of the upcoming czech one.
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Comparison of Market and State Organized Public Transport in the Czech Republic Between 2000 – 2015
Hervert, David ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
Content of this bachelor thesis deals with a comparison of market and state access to public transport from a national economic perspective. Public transport in the Czech Republic between the years of 2000 and 2015 is analysed before the actual comparison is made. The theoretical part deals with available products of public transport, transport demand, market and government failure, entrepreneur theory and information function of prices. Different types of public transport are analysed and compared in the practical part. Additionally, an analysis of public transport in the USA is made and then compared with public transport in the Czech Republic.
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Analýza dane z pridanej hodnoty na Slovensku
Varša, Marcel ; Štěpánek, Pavel (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the collection of value added tax in Slovakia since its independence in 1993. The main idea is to compare the collection of VAT at the current moment with the selection in the past, because during last couple of years there has been a significant increase in this area. The origin of the increase can be found in changes in legislation as well as introduction of new action plan which should make VAT collection more effective and clear. I will start with an overview of the tax and continue with historical evolution of the tax in the country. In fist part I will present the changes and tools, which came up recently and may stand behind the improvement. In the other part I will compare the collection of the tax in the past and nowadays. I will also evaluate the domestic values with values of other EU countries and look closer on the level of harmonization of the tax in Slovakia and the rest of European Union.
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Fiscal Policy and Debt Crises
Pikhart, Zdeněk ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Zamrazilová, Eva (referee) ; Pastoráková, Erika (referee)
Thesis deals with a fiscal policy issue with emphasis on the debt crisis. First specifics of the data capture of the government sector for the purpose of evaluating the fiscal position are analyzed. It includes assessment of the fiscal sustainability indicators and the historical reaction function of fiscal policy in the EU. The analysis of cyclical adjustment of the government balance, definition of fiscal impulse and the estimation of fiscal multipliers in the Czech Republic precedes the contribution to the debate regarding the optimal fiscal policy setup with respect to debt sustainability in the long run and sufficient degree of flexibility in the short run. The thesis concludes with the identification of the causes of the fiscal debt crises with the subsequent analysis of possible ways to resolve the already existing fiscal imbalances and assessing the appropriateness of the Czech government's consolidation.
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