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Stance and gait analysis using ZEBRIS FDM-T System in patients with scoliosis
Bulánová, Kateřina ; Lepšíková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Opálková, Michaela (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of walking and standing in patients with a scoliosis. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes current knowledge of scoliosis, its classification, etiology, pathogenesis and risk factors of the curve progression. Then the most often changes of the stand and gait stereotype and their main causes are discussed. Goal of the practical part was to identify the difference between particular parameters of gait in an experimental group of patients with scoliosis and a control group of healthy individuals. The examination was performed via the dynamic plantography method using the Zebris FDM-T System. 19 probands with scoliosis aged 8 - 19 and a control group of 19 orthopedically healthy patients in a corresponding age distribution have been selected for the study. The results did not provide any statistically significant difference on a significance level p=0,05. However, there were clear differences between the groups referring to bigger asymmetries in stance and gait stereotype in the scoliosis patients group. Since even in a scientific literature there is a difference in opinion on this issue, more research might be necessary for the exact evaluation of the influence of scoliosis on the stance and gait stereotype.
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Possibilities of objective diagnosis of flat foot
Palouš, Vojtěch ; Opálková, Michaela (advisor) ; Babková, Lenka (referee)
The subject of this work is the flat foot - pes planus. Foot mechanical functions are described including features demonstrating flatfoot pathology. I summarize knowledge in embryology, anatomy and biomechanics, and focus on possibilities to evaluate functions of the foot with both classical and modern methods. The goal of this work is survey of diagnostic methods, mainly current procedures of objective evaluation and determination of the precize kind of the foottype pathology. I also include my original measurements on a patient and I compare the conclusions based on individual methods.
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Trunk muscle activity and walkin
Svobodová, Jaroslava ; Opálková, Michaela (advisor) ; Davídek, Pavel (referee)
Bakalářská práce Aktivita trupového svalstva při chůzi Abstract This thesis refers to the anatomy and the kinesiology of trunk, spine and pelvis. In addition, it deals with the control of gait and gait biomechanics. Nevertheless, the main aim of this thesis is to summarize the information on the activity of trunk muscles during walking. This includes also trunk muscle activity during modified walking. This part reviews the changes of trunk muscle activity in reaction to low back pain and to the changes in walking speed. Thesis is focused on the activity of abdominal and back muscles such as m. rectus abdominis, m. obliguus externus abdominis, m. obliguus internus abdominis, m. transversus abdominis and m. erector trunci. The thesis also includes a case study of a patient who suffers from chronic low back pain. The activity of some of her trunk muscles was recorded by surface electromyography. In addition, the patient was tested using the zebris Rehawalk FDM-T system.
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Evaluation of selective voluntary muscle control in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Impact on the severity of spasticity and gross motor function level
Opálková, Michaela ; Kolář, Pavel (advisor) ; Kobesová, Alena (referee)
Author's first name and surname: Michaela Opálková Title of the master thesis: Evaluation of selective voluntary muscle control in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Impact on the severity of spasticity and gross motor function level. Department: Department of rehabilitation and sports medicine, Charles University in Prague, 2nd Faculty of Medicine Supervisor: doc. PaedDr. Pavel Kolář, PhD. The year of presentation: 2012 Abstract: This thesis should provide comprehensive information about pathophysiological mechanisms underlying spasticity and spastic movement disorder with special attention to children with cerebral palsy. Spasticity and selective voluntary motor control assessment possibilities will be summarized. Classification systems of the gross motor functions (levels of locomotion) are also mentioned. The main objective is to elaborate selective motor control ability scale (IP) which is newly proposed in this study. The need for such instrument and its feasibility for clinical practice intend to be confirmed. The level of locomotion of 25 children with spastic cerebral palsy is compared with IP outputs, spasticity measurement outputs using Ashworth scale respectively. Keywords: spasticity, selective voluntary motor control, locomotion, scale
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OPACs of foreign catalogue databases: current state of selected retrieval systems and perspectives of their advancement
Opálková, Markéta ; Bratková, Eva (advisor) ; Pilecká, Věra (referee)
Diplomová práce představuje vybrané zahraniční veřejně přístupné online katalogy knihoven, tzv. OPACy. Úvodní část je věnována stručnému vývoji OPACů, přiblížení jejich funkcí a nedostatků. Je v ní připomenuto rozšiřování knihovních fondů o fondy digitální i rozvoj webových technologií, což vede k nezbytné změně pohledu na knihovní katalog a dává prostor pro vznik tzv. OPACů nové generace. Jádrem práce je analýza vybraných OPACů nové generace. Pozornost je upřena na možnosti vyhledávání, práci s výsledky vyhledávání a implementaci nejrůznějších nadstavbových funkcí (RSS kanál, náhled obálek, uživatelské tagy, recenze aj.), které většina uživatelů může znát z blogů, nejrůznějších sociálních sítí, internetových knihkupectví atp. Představeny jsou následující katalogy: AquaBrowser (http://lens.lib.uchicago.edu/), Evergreen (http://gapines.org/), Koha (http://seu.kohalibrary.com/), Scriblio (http://library.plymouth.edu/), SOPAC (http://www.darienlibrary.org/catalog), VIRGObeta (http://virgobeta.lib.virginia.edu/), VuFind (http://library.villanova.edu/Find) a WorldCat Local (http://uwashington.worldcat.org/). Podle svých základních vlastností jsou rozděleny do čtyř skupin: OPACy s uzavřeným zdrojovým kódem, OPACy s otevřeným zdrojovým kódem, OPACy jako součást knihovnického systému s otevřeným zdrojovým kódem a...
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Subjective perception of during predominantly concentric and predominantly eccentric excercise
Opálková, Michaela ; Radvanský, Jiří (advisor) ; Doubková, Lucie (referee)
This thesis pursues the function of human skeletal muscle. It describes the sarcomere and current theories of the muscle contraction. In addition to conventional sliding sarcomere theory the new large - scale model is included. It is called rotational theory and it works on the basis of rotating helical molecules which are functionally coupled. Muscle reaction to stretching in dependence on the stretch length and velocity are folded in. The chapter Neural Commands is not comprehensive. Its purpose is to review the differences between neural control of concentric and eccentric contraction, respectively. Following parts summarize the integration of eccentric contraction into human movement, instantaneous reactions and adaptation processes. The last theoretical part deals with subjective perception of stress during predominantly concentric and predominantly eccentric exercise. The applied part consists of the outcomes of measurement of peak and averaged heart rate before and after bouts of running with predominantly concentric (uphill running) and predominantly eccentric (downhill running) exercise. Subjective rate of physical and psychical condition were registered at identical situation using visual analogue scale. Twelve high school students were measured. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Electronic information resources on Czech linguistics available on the Internet
Opálková, Markéta ; Bratková, Eva (advisor) ; Kovaříková, Klára (referee)
Tématem bakalářské práce jsou elektronické informační zdroje v oblasti české lingvistiky dostupné na WWW. V jejím úvodu je nastíněn vývoj české lingvistiky od počátku po současnost. V další části jsou vymezeny základní pojmy, stanovena kritéria důvěryhodnosti webů, jejich výběru a přiblížen způsob vyhledávání zdrojů. V neposlední řadě je navrženo jejich členění do tematických kategorií. Jádrem práce je rozbor a popis vybraných elektronických zdrojů, a to především těch, které ve své kategorii něčím vynikají. Poznatky získané analýzou zdrojů jsou shrnuty v závěru práce.
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Influence of variable weather on incident solar radiation and its spectral composition in the Ostrava region, Czech Republic
Opálková, M. ; Robson, T. M. ; Navrátil, M. ; Špunda, Vladimír
Incident solar radiation is influenced by many factors, including distance from the equator, altitude, time of year, and season. Absorption of radiation and its scattering are connected with the properties of atmospheric compounds. Cloud cover and air pollution are connected with tropospheric properties. Using our data, the influence of weather changes on the dose of solar irradiance reaching the Earth’s surface and its spectral composition are described. Solar radiation components were measured continuously by a system of sensors situated in the Botanical Garden of the University of Ostrava, Czech Republic. Data for 2014 were chosen for analyses. Days were divided into categories of sunny days and cloudy days according to weather conditions and daily radiation patterns. Percent differences in received solar radiation between sunny and cloudy days were calculated for eight months (Jan, Feb, Mar, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, and Dec). Differences in received solar radiation between clean and polluted days were calculated for sunny and cloudy days in December 2014. Mean incident solar radiation during cloudy days was reduced by 61% from the value for sunny days (in summer months) and by 64% from the value for sunny days in winter months. The largest influence of clouds on received solar radiation was during September and the smallest was during June. There was a reduction in incident solar radiation caused by the atmospheric pollutant PM10 during winter months. This reduction amounted to 10% during sunny days and 21% during cloudy days for December 2014. Clouds significantly reduced incident solar radiation as did the air pollutant PM10, but there were probably other factors also contributing to the reduction in incident solar radiation.
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