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The Development and Transformation of Temple Institutions of the 1st millennium BCE
Špaček, Ondřej ; Bertolini, Ludovica (advisor) ; Mynářová, Jana (referee)
AJ The aim of this thesis is to establish a historical overview of the happenings at the site of Sippar and its main temple of Ebabbar on the verge of Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid periods through a compilation of available and published textual sources. At the moment, translating and researching unpublished texts is not necessary to achieve the thesis's aim and thus will remain omitted and only later it shall be expanded upon during the author's future research. As such, the author is going to address and merge the most notable information from the currently published literature in order to compile a thorough summary of the happenings at the site of the ancient city of Sippar that is up to date. As a result, the thesis hopes to give the reader the ability to navigate oneself in the history of Sipparean temple of Ebabbar throughout the end of Neo-Babylonian period with the primary focus on the institution's continuity and discontinuity and thus to serve as a reference point, guiding the reader to further, more specifically oriented literature. The question of where the change was prevalent and where it was ephemeral is going to be conveyed using several examples. Keywords: Sippar, Ebabbar, Neo-Babylonian period, Achaemenid period, 1st Millennium BCE, religious traditions, temple officials
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"Aegean list" from the temple of Amenhotep III at Kom el-Hetan: mapping the current stage of knowledge
Bělohoubková, Dana ; Mynářová, Jana (advisor) ; Coppens, Filip (referee)
The B.A. thesis deals with an "Aegean List" from the temple of Amenhotep III at Kom el-Hettân. It attempts to answer a question of a possible reconstruction of relations between the Aegean area and Egypt. In the first part of the thesis the list is set into a wider context, dealing also with others lists of toponyms, as well as the temple, in which the "Aegean list" was found. The next part of the thesis discusses different interpretations of this monument. An evaluation of the temple at Soleb is also covered. In this case a translation of the toponym list from Soleb was created, serving as a basis for a comparison with topographical lists from Kom el-Hettân. The temple at Soleb was also used for the reconstraction of decoration of the temple of Amenhotep III at Kom el-Hettân. Using decoration scheme a symbolic function of the "Aegean List" being a part of a concept of kingship was proven. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Epic of Zimrī-Lîm
Válek, František ; Mynářová, Jana (advisor) ; Miglio, Adam E. (referee)
The presented master's thesis deals with the Epic of Zimrī-Lîm, a text from the ancient city of Mari from the beginning of the 18th century BC. The text of the epic is included in transliteration (based on the edition by Michaël Guichard from 2014) and in English translation. The epic has also been published online as the first entry of NERE (Near Eastern Royal Epics) project on ORACC (Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus). In addition to the text itself, the thesis includes a broader historical-cultural commentary. There, selected elements of the ancient text are portraited as well-set within the lived cultural-political environment of the ancient Near East, with particular attention to the time of Zimrī-Lîm. Most of the space is devoted to the religious aspect of the work, especially the role of the deities. Last but not least, the composition is discussed within the context of other royal epics of the ancient Near East. Key Words Zimrī-Lîm, Mari, TellHariri, epic, royal epics, Akkadian literature, narrative, royal ideology, religion, ancient Syria, ancient Mesopotamia, ancient Near East, Middle Bronze Age
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The Land to its Limits: Borders and Boundary Stelae in Ancient Egypt
Rovenský, Jan ; Mynářová, Jana (advisor) ; Coppens, Filip (referee)
This M.A. thesis examines so-called border stelae in ancient Egypt, as well as the concept of the border. This is done by analysing historical, archaeological and epigraphic data. This thesis con- cludes that the category of the border stela in Egyptological research should be scrapped, as there is only one monument that lives up to this description, namely the year 8 stela of Senusret III dis- covered at the fortress of Semna-West.
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Greeting formulae in peripheral Akkadian
Mynářová, Jana ; Zemánek, Petr (advisor)
V jazykovém i historickém kontextu syropalestinské oblasti v pozdní dobe bronzové predstavují akkadsky psané dopisy zcela samostatný a intenzivne pojednávaný fenomén. Nedílnou soucástí techto textu jsou pak jejich úvodní pasáže tvorené adresou a zdravicí. S výjimkou mezinárodních smluv, které jsou však doloženy až z druhé poloviny tohoto období, tvorí práve dopisy jeden z hlavních pramenu našeho poznání jazykové situace i kulturne-historického vývoje tohoto regionu v 15.-12. století pr. n. l. Zde poprvé se v historickém vývoji akkadského jazyka objevuje v relativne standardizované podobe formální clenení dopisu. Ješte ve starobabylónském období je tato stránka dopisu pomerne jednoduchá a nevariabilní - vzorový dopis je tvoren výhradne jednoduchou adresou, jejíž odraz nacházíme i v námi zkoumaném korpusu textu (viz dále), která je bezprostredne následována vlastním sdelením. Ostatní, dobre známé floskule, jakými jsou projevy bezvýhradné poslušnosti a podrízenosti ve vztahu k nadrízené osobe, prípadne projevy prání všeho dobrého, zde nejsou zastoupeny. Jiste, v souvislosti se starobabylónskými dopisy hovoríme o textech z oblasti, kterou v tomto historickém období mužeme považovat za centrální a pisateli dopisu tak byli zejména rodilí mluvcí príslušného jazyka. Nicméne i obdobná korespondence pocházející ze...
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So Called Sacred Knot in the Minoan and Mycenaean Art
Matoušková, Monika ; Pavúk, Peter (advisor) ; Mynářová, Jana (referee)
Minoan and Mycenaean iconography uses several symbols with religious meaning. One of them is the well-known sacred knot. This sign occurs on seals and sealings as well as on frescoes and pottery, and there are also a few three-dimensional examples. This thesis discusses at first the look and the shape of the sacred knot, in order to rule out confusion with similar symbols. Next, it is followed by the study of its use on various kinds of materials. Finally, there is the question of its origin, whether it is possible that the sign could have been derived from an Egyptian or Near Eastern symbol. Based on this research, we should be able to interpret the meaning of the sacred knot, although this explanation cannot be exact as we are still missing the decipherment of the Cretan hieroglyphic and Linear A scripts. Key words: sacred knot, seals, sealings, frescoes, pottery, ivory, faience, ankh, Isis knot tiet, sign of protection sa, symbol of Inanna, Knossos, Hagia Triada, Mycenae
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Exodus and the Egyptian Tradition
Smítková, Veronika ; Mynářová, Jana (advisor) ; Janák, Jiří (referee)
Exodus, the second book of Moses, narrates the stay of the Israelites in Egypt, their leave and wandering to the Promised Land. According to the Old Testament narration, they served as slaves making bricks and working on fields in Egypt. Whether the story is true or fictitious, that is the subject of ardent debates for several decades. The historicity has not been reliably confirmed yet, as well as several other aspects of this biblical book. However, it is interesting that we can see similarities between particular passages of Exodus and the ancient Egyptian sources. The aim of the B.A. thesis is to provide a comparison of ancient Egyptian cultural studies with the biblical tradition. Within that there will be introduced some iconographic and written sources that are focused particularly on the brick production and agricultural works, which according to the Old Testament version the Israelite people was toiling with. Even though cited sources do not prove the truthfulness of the story, they at least detail the historical and cultural background of the book of Exodus.
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Amenhotep III - solar and royal ideology
Bělohoubková, Dana ; Mynářová, Jana (advisor) ; Janák, Jiří (referee)
The reign of Amenhotep III represents one of the most crucial period of the Eighteenth Dynasty. Over the course of this dynasty, royal ideology, as a major means of power of the Egyptian ruler, was constantly being developed and underwent significant alterations. One long lasting debate has focused on the possibility that Amenhotep III was already deified during his lifetime, but up to now no detailed study that would analyse contemporary documents, whether connected to the king himself or related to his officials, has taken place. The aim of this thesis was to find and answer to this question by means of an analysis of written and iconographic sources from both the royal sphere as well as the domain of the officials. The result of this research, based among others on an in-depth study of the names, epithets and iconography of the ruler, indicates that Amenhotep III was already deified during his life and it allows even the definition of his divine characteristics and aspects as a solar god. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Double life of Sennefer from Deir el-Medina
Tomsová, Julie ; Mynářová, Jana (advisor) ; Landgráfová, Renata (referee)
Tato bakalářská práce představuje přehledné shrnutí dostupných informací o životě a pohřbu starověkého obyvatele řemeslnické vesnice v Dér el-Medíně, Sennefera a jeho předpokládané rodiny. Ostatky Sennefera, jeho manželky a společného potomka byly objeveny v roce 1928 expedicí Francouzského ústavu orientálního archeologie v Káhiře pod vedením francouzského egyptologa Bernarda Bruyèra. Členem výzkumného týmu IFAO byl také český egyptolog Jaroslav Černý. Jeho iniciativou získalo Národní muzeum v Praze v roce 1937 cennou sbírku archeologických nálezů pocházejících z Dér el-Medíny. Součástí sbírky byly rovněž kosterní a mumifikované lidské ostatky, které putovaly do Hrdličkova muzea člověka v Praze, a mezi nimiž se nacházejí také ostatky Senneferovy rodiny. V této bakalářské práci budu sledovat oba životy Sennefera, přičemž první z nich se odehrál v řemeslnické vesnici Dér el-Medína v období staroegyptské Nové říše, druhý začal objevením jeho hrobky. Klíčová slova: Egypt - Nová říše - 18. dynastie - Tutanchamon - Dér el-Medína - Údolí králů - Théby - Sennefer - Nefertiti - řemeslník - vesnice
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