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Economy of communion
Vavřina, Marek ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Štika, Pavel (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to critically evaluate the way how neoclassical economics describes human behaviour. Most important fact is considered to be that people, during their lives, are becoming members of many communities which more or less influence their decision making. First chapter of this thesis deals with human rationality from different points of view. Following chapter describes theories and types of communities. Thesis also includes mathematical models which show possibilities of economic survival of each member of the community in dependence on their relationships and involvement. Following chapter contains basic theory of Labor - Managed companies. Last chapter describes factual communities in which solidarity and involvement plays crucial role for their survival.
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Analysis of the privatization process in Russia in the nineties
Mustivaya, Julia ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Půlpán, Karel (referee)
This work aims after more than twenty five years to assess the processes of privatization, which took place at the end of the twentieth century in Russia. Analysis of the privatization, its legal framework, realization and the consequences will enable us to conclude that a change of ownership form from state to private one alone does not guarantee the emergence of effective owner and proper functioning of the market economy. Privatization of state enterprises could have a positive impact on economic activities of entities only if it was accompanied by the necessary institutional transformation, which would provide a precise specification of property rights, the creation of the actual mechanisms of their exchange and the emergence of market competition.
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Four Essays in political economy
Roháč, Dalibor ; Kouba, Karel (advisor) ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (referee)
This thesis is a collection of four papers approaching different issues of political economy from the perspective of the Virginia school. The first paper is an analysis of the liberum veto, the unanimity voting rule used in Polish-Lithuanian Republic. It claims that unanimity was an answer to the religious heterogeneity of the Republic and to the fact that rights of the minorities were not protected by credible constitutional provisions. The second paper discusses the failure to democratise and the demise of the Austro- Hungarian Empire. Contrary to the popular wisdom which emphasises the military defeat of the Empire, it argues that the nationality question played an important role in its fall. The failure of the monarchy to decentralise was the main reason which induced ethnic minorities to seek remedies which brought about the collapse of the dual monarchy. The third paper seeks parallels between the political thought of Frank Knight and Jürgen Habermas. We argue that in several important respects, Habermas behaved as a Knightian and can be considered as being very close to the Knight-Buchanan-Rawls line in normative political economy. The fourth paper is a discussion of transparency in modern economics. The central argument of the paper is that the incentive structure of economics can induce...
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Children and cheating: A field experiment with individuals and teams
Korbel, Václav ; Chytilová, Julie (advisor) ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (referee)
This thesis presents a field experiment drawing interferences on the lying be- havioural patterns among grammar school students. Students were filling in non-related questionnaire for which they were rewarded. They rolled a dice and for a corresponding number on a dice they obtained a certain number of sweets. Students were not controlled therefore they could choose what num- ber to report. The experiment included one treatment for individuals and two treatments for groups. The analysis shows that a certain fraction of students cheated but they often did not exploit the possibility of cheating maximally. Older students cheated more in comparison with younger students and younger students deceived more in groups. Last but not least, dishonesty in groups may also hinge on the family background, namely on the number of siblings. The model of self-concept maintenance explains the cheating patterns observed in our experiment best among all discussed models. 1
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Economics of the post-sovereign state
Konečná, Petra ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Hrušová, Ivona (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut ekonomických studií Petra Konečná Ekonomie postsuverénního státu Bakalářská práce Praha 2011 Abstract In this bachelor thesis I focus on an influence of sovereignty to the economy of specific state. It defines what is understood under the term of sovereignty and describes various types of attitudes to the limitation of sovereignty. It presents historically attitudes of philosophers, thinkers and economists to this issue, focuses mainly on theories of natural law and emphasizes the conclusion of the social contract. It sets up possible division of sovereignty determined by limiting factors and it states several specific examples for illustration. In this thesis I show the necessity of perceiving economics in the context of other social sciences. I concentrate on taking advantage of position of post sovereign state by other economic participants through rent-seeking. I present new concepts of rent-seeking however some fundamental basis from classical point of view cannot be omitted without the loss of logic. At the end of this thesis I test an influence of composite indicators of governance on the rent-seeking behavior in the Czech Republic.
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Economics of meaning - comparison of efficiency based on meaning
Kráčmer, Michal ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Schwarz, Jiří (referee)
This work deals with a relatively new topic for economists. The connection between economic apparatus and the human need for meaning is pioneer, indeed. However, the work does not handle this topic by classical means of economics. The main topic of the work is to show that the human need for meaning is the main source of preference creation and human activity. The tool of analysis is a synthetic approach of various scientific branches. In the work is thus combined knowledge of biology, sociology, psychology, ecology and economics and their related branches. On this basis is constructed a new synthetic theory of the consumer's preference creation. The model has a big predictive and descriptive potential. From the results of the analysis stems that the human need for meaning could really be the key variable having influence in human decision making.
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Children and cheating - A field experiment with individuals and teams
Korbel, Václav ; Chytilová, Julie (advisor) ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (referee)
This thesis presents a field experiment drawing interferences on the lying be- havioural patterns among grammar school students. Students were filling in non-related questionnaire for which they were rewarded. They rolled a dice and for a corresponding number on a dice they obtained a certain number of sweets. Students were not controlled therefore they could choose what num- ber to report. The experiment included one treatment for individuals and two treatments for groups. The analysis shows that a certain fraction of students cheated but they often did not exploit the possibility of cheating maximally. Older students cheated more in comparison with younger students and younger students deceived more in groups. Last but not least, dishonesty in groups may also hinge on the family background, namely on the number of siblings. The model of self-concept maintenance explains the cheating patterns observed in our experiment best among all discussed models. 1
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