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The course and methods of collectivisation of the rural areas in the District of Kutná Hora in the 1950's.
Stříbrná, Anežka ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis depicts the mode and course of collectivization of the rural areas in the district of Kutná Hora in years 1948-1960. It is based on the analysis of five villages - Bahno, Opatovice I, Petrovice I, Mitrov a Vranice (the little town of Kácov is also included for comparison reasons). The thesis describes how the unified binding principles of the state- controlled agricultural politics of KSČ reflected into the socialization of concrete villages and how they influenced the daily life and destinies of their inhabitants. The thesis also concentrates on the individual reactions towards the collectivization, especially those of local functionaries, focusing on which means and strategies these used against the ruling power. The central question is whether, and to what extent, the functionaries could influence and shape the village life and how they influenced the local form of socialization. The objective of this thesis is to show a more vivid picture of the agricultural collectivization and, at the same time, to offer a certain typology of its participants. Apart from the comparison of the mode of collectivization in concrete villages, their example also shows the differences between the first and second (final) phase of the collectivization of the rural areas. The thesis is based...
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Plane Hijack in Prague in 1989 - Motivations, Course, and Impact of an Attempt to Escape Communist Czechoslovakia
Styková, Klaudia ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the case of the hijacking of the MÁLEV Hungarian Airlines aeroplane. This took place at Prague Ruzyně Airport on March 29th 1989 where the aircraft Tupolev Tu-154 B2 on the scheduled flight MA640 from Budapest to Amsterdam had a stopover. This thesis further deals with the issue of unlawful acts against the safety of civil aviation and with Czechoslovak legislation relating to these unlawful acts. The thesis provides an overview of unlawful acts of civil aviation that occurred in Czechoslovakia between 1948 and 1991. The course of the hijacking, profiles of the hijackers, sequence of the investigation in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic as well as the sequence of investigation in the Federal Republic of Germany, where the plane landed and where the hijackers were arrested, investigated and ultimately judged is also analysed. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the motivations of the hijackers. In conclusion, I attempt to clarify the causes of hijacking as well as I attempt to justify or disprove the current hypothesis that the main reason for the hijacking was not the socialist regime in Czechoslovakia. Key words: hijack, Prague Ruzyně Aiport, Frankfurt - Rhein-Main Air Base, the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany, 1989
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The Ivan Markovič's personality and his work in the context of the first Czechoslovak Republic
Borbélyová, Dominika ; Doubek, Vratislav (advisor) ; Rychlík, Jan (referee) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
The presented doctoral thesis deals with the hitherto neglected personality of the Slovak politician Ivan Markovič (1888-1944). The aim of the thesis is to clarify the political activity of Ivan Markovič, to analyze his ideological anchoring and to increase the overall awareness of his person in the context of Czecho-Slovak relations in the first half of the 20th century. The thesis is divided into four chapters and an epilogue, while the individual chapters are devoted to the study of various time and thematic contexts in which Markovič was active. The first chapter introduces the research into the broader context of Czecho-Slovak relations and the background of the first years of Markovič's life. The second chapter examines his work as the founder and editor of the magazine Prúdy in the period before the outbreak of the First World War. The third chapter deals with his activities in the resistance movement abroad during the war. Finally, the fourth chapter deals with the activities of Markovič in the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Worker's Party and his involvement in the top politics of the interwar Czechoslovak Republic. The epilogue presents the last years of Markovič's life as a political prisoner in Nazi concentration camps and outlines the destinies of his family. For the research of...
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Radio as a modern technology in the Czechoslovak Republic
Petric, Pavel ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Stehlík, Michal (referee)
My thesis's topic is radio and its influence on society in the First Czechoslovak Republic. The topic of this thesis is approached form a perspective of history of technology. This historical discipline is most widely used within the Western Europe, especially in the Netherlands. The history of technology pays attention to the technology not from excessively technological view, but rather from sociological and cultural view. One of main interests of this historical discipline, lies in the scientists, whose work led to the discovery and technological progress. In my thesis, I will first of all pay attention to the radio as a technological phenomenon. I am going to try to present a new interpretation of the radio. Main interest of this thesis, is going to be technological development of radio from its conception to the spread of this technology, political discussions within the parliament and cultural reflections of this new technology. Key words: radio, history of technology, Czechoslovakia, technology, amateur radio operator, HAM Radio
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Transmission of memory; the heritage trail and Jeju Uprising
Kim, Hyejin ; Daniel, Ondřej (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee) ; Erdösi, Péter (referee)
Transmission of memory: the Heritage Trail and Jeju Uprising This thesis aims to shed light on the stories of individuals in transmitting memories using the heritage trail as a medium. Thus, this thesis examines how the heritage trail works as memory embodiment and, further, its role in transmitting memory. The research site, Jeju Island of the Republic of Korea, was selected due to its little recognition as both cultural and natural heritage concerning the history of Jeju Uprising. This event is called in different ways, including the April 3rd Incident, Jeju Killings, Jeju Rebellion, and simply 4.3 (Sasam), representing the date of the armed uprising in Jeju Island in 1943. The heritage trail of the Jeju Uprising called the 4.3 trail was examined empirically as a case study. Fieldwork was conducted from 22 September to 10 October 2020 in Jeju Island. The data was collected from interviews and participant observation and then narratively analyzed. There are polysemic memories and narratives within the same discourse because the names of calling the Uprising vary from context to context. The memory workers were interviewed, and the practice of walking as a component of the trail was studied to examine multiple dimensions of the memories surrounding the trail. Finally, this thesis concludes that in...
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Operation Percentage
Fořtík, Milan ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Beneš, Otmar (referee)
(in English): The presented bachelor's thesis deals with the fate and resistance activities of the only member of the special operation Percentage of the František Pavelka. It analyzes Pavelka's connection and subsequent cooperation with the domestic resistance organization Petition Committee, we will remain faithful. All this in the context of the first wave of airdrops sent from the west in the 1941/1942 operational period.
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"Veksláci" in Socialist Czechoslovakia
Havlík, Adam ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee) ; Roubal, Petr (referee)
This dissertation thesis deals with the notion of "vekslactvi" in socialist Czechoslovakia and with a social group called "vekslaci", which orchestrated illicit trade with foreign currencies, the so called tuzex vouchers, and smuggled consumer goods. The analysis lays emphasis on the daily operations of the "veksláci" and also on the commodities which they traded. From this perspective, "vekslaci" could be treated as a driving force within the Czechoslovak black market. In addition to the basic principles of "veksl", the chapter also presents a certain typology of traffickers and mutual hierarchical links within this specific community. The lifestyle of the "vekslák subculture" is also a subject of historical reconstruction as the thesis seeks to place "veksláci" in the context of the Czechoslovak society before 1989. The thesis also deals with the social and economic circumstances that enabled the birth of a peculiar social group of "vekslaci". Among others, it focuses on the role of the Tuzex hard currency shops, which was introduced in order to sell (mostly imported) consumer goods in exchange for foreign currencies or special vouchers. Attitude of the Czechoslovak state regarding the issue of "veksláctví" is also a subject of analysis. The research focuses on legislation, which gradually...
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Allied relations of the Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia between 1918--1938. On the example of the 48th I. R. "Yugoslavia" celebrations.
Mláka, David ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the relationships between allied nations Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia in years 1918 and 1938 from the perspective of selected commemorative acts. The main aim of this thesis is to define the role of the 48th Infantry Regiment in these celebrations. This Thesis is based on the hypothesis that through its honorary title "Jugoslavia" was created symbolic function of the regiment, which was strengthened mutual friendly relationships between Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of SHS. My thesis statement is not chronologically limited on the years 1918 and 1938 because the "seed" was planted before the founding of the independent countries. The thesis examines relationships between Czechs and South Slavs before and during 1st World War, focusing on the relationships and short history of 102nd Infantry Regiment "Potiorek", which has been precursor of the 48th Infantry Regiment "Jugoslavia". Keys words: 1st World War, recollection, holidays, celebrations, collective memory, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, France, Little Entente, 48th Infantry Regiment "Jugoslavia", 102nd Infantry Regiment, Benešov u Prahy.
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The transfer of the Germans from Jindřichův Hradec
Dvořáková, Tereza ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Stehlík, Michal (referee)
The transfer of the Germans took place after the Second World War and it could be divided into two stages - a wild transfer and an organized transfer. Jindřichův Hradec was mainly a Czech town, where just 5 percent of the Germans lived before the war. After the Munich Agreement had been signed, Jindřichův Hradec was attached to the Second Republic. However, the town became a Czech peninsula as the most of its surroundings was the part of the Third Reich. During the war the germanization of citizens took place in Jindřichův Hradec and the post-war transfer was also conducted there as it happened in many other places after the Second World War. The main part of my thesis deals with the transfer of the Germans from the town as well as the closest villages. The aim of this study was to investigate how the transfer was carried out, how many people had to leave and on the other hand how many of them were permitted to stay and why. Furthermore I also address the establishment of detention camps and folk justice. The thesis covers not only the progress of the whole transfer but it takes into consideration turning points which could have affected it as well as it could have had an impact on the post-war situation. The study is proceeded mainly from local primary sources, especially a fund Okresní úřad...
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"Old Maid": Czech Society and the Honour Shield of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia
Beneš, Otmar ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee)
Presented diploma thesis focuses on research and analysis of the only decoration founded in the name of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. It is not only focusing on the timeframe of the Second World War, but it also tracks the phenomenon of civil decorations and medals across entire modern Czech history. The main research question is following: why was not the preceding First Czechoslovak Republic creating similar institutions and why after 1945, or more precisely 1948, the time has come to create enormous inflation of them. The main aim of the thesis is to define the Honour Shield of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia as probably the very first civil decoration of modern Czech history. The thesis is not only focusing on the period of the occupation (1944-45), when the decoration was distributed. It also concentrates in detail on the previous thinking of the Nazi occupation authorities, which then resulted in founding of the decoration, together with the postwar retribution, with which were the awarded people confronted after 1945. The thesis is modifying so far common purely phaleristical approach to the topic, which it is supplementing with wider context. It is assessing the reaction of the Czech population on this particular award and on the term of honour, which it was supposed to...
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