|
|
Domestic heat pumps
Merta, Libor ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The Bachelor´s Thesis deals with domestic heat pumps. It is devided into two basic parts. In the first part, an operating principle, components and various types are described. Particular kinds of low-energy sources including characteristical features and comparision are mentioned there as well. In the second part, a project for a domestic heat pump is prepared. The project includes proposition of a particular heat pump, a borehole and an amount of heat needed for heating and a preparation of warm water. At the end, a complete economical balance including an economic return of the investment is mentioned.
|
|
|
Backpressure Steam turbine
Merta, Libor ; Krbek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The Diploma Thesis deals with a design of a backpressure turbine without any bleeds. The fundament of the Diploma Thesis is a thermodynamical calculation of particular parts of the turbine. Technical solutions are designed according to given details of a steam and chosen conditions of use.
|
|
|
The analysis of plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness
Merta, Ladislav
The ability of cancer cells to adopt various invasive modes (the plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness) represents a significant obstacle in the treatment of cancer metastasis. Cancer invasiveness involves various modes of migration. Cells can move together (with the preserved intercellular junctions; collective invasiveness) or individually. Within individual invasiveness, we distinguish two principal invasive modes - mesenchymal and amoeboid. The mesenchymal mode of migration is characterized by an elongated shape, proteolytic degradation of the fibres of the extracellular matrix, and the formation of strong contacts with the extracellular matrix. The amoeboid mode of migration is not dependent on proteolytic activity, the cells are characterized by a round shape and increased contractility, which they use to squeeze themselves through the pores of the extracellular matrix. This thesis deals with the analysis of the plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness, specifically the transitions between individual amoeboid and mesenchymal migration modes, in the 3D environment of the collagen gel as a model of extracellular matrix. The work presents models of mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition (MAT), which include BLM, HT1080 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, in which MAT is induced by the expression of...
|
|
|
The analysis of plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness
Merta, Ladislav
The ability of cancer cells to adopt various invasive modes (the plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness) represents a significant obstacle in the treatment of cancer metastasis. Cancer invasiveness involves various modes of migration. Cells can move together (with the preserved intercellular junctions; collective invasiveness) or individually. Within individual invasiveness, we distinguish two principal invasive modes - mesenchymal and amoeboid. The mesenchymal mode of migration is characterized by an elongated shape, proteolytic degradation of the fibres of the extracellular matrix, and the formation of strong contacts with the extracellular matrix. The amoeboid mode of migration is not dependent on proteolytic activity, the cells are characterized by a round shape and increased contractility, which they use to squeeze themselves through the pores of the extracellular matrix. This thesis deals with the analysis of the plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness, specifically the transitions between individual amoeboid and mesenchymal migration modes, in the 3D environment of the collagen gel as a model of extracellular matrix. The work presents models of mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition (MAT), which include BLM, HT1080 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, in which MAT is induced by the expression of...
|
|
|
The analysis of plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness
Merta, Ladislav ; Brábek, Jan (advisor) ; Šindelka, Radek (referee) ; Staněk, David (referee)
The ability of cancer cells to adopt various invasive modes (the plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness) represents a significant obstacle in the treatment of cancer metastasis. Cancer invasiveness involves various modes of migration. Cells can move together (with the preserved intercellular junctions; collective invasiveness) or individually. Within individual invasiveness, we distinguish two principal invasive modes - mesenchymal and amoeboid. The mesenchymal mode of migration is characterized by an elongated shape, proteolytic degradation of the fibres of the extracellular matrix, and the formation of strong contacts with the extracellular matrix. The amoeboid mode of migration is not dependent on proteolytic activity, the cells are characterized by a round shape and increased contractility, which they use to squeeze themselves through the pores of the extracellular matrix. This thesis deals with the analysis of the plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness, specifically the transitions between individual amoeboid and mesenchymal migration modes, in the 3D environment of the collagen gel as a model of extracellular matrix. The work presents models of mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition (MAT), which include BLM, HT1080 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, in which MAT is induced by the expression of...
|
|
|
Historický a současný stav populací sekavce (Cobitis sp.) a sekavčíka balkánského (Sabanejewia balcanica) na území České republiky
Halačka, Karel ; Mendel, Jan ; Muška, M. ; Merta, L. ; Vetešník, Lukáš
Sekavec a sekavčík balkánský patří mezi ohrožené druhy, které historicky vymizely na řadě stanovišť a byly tak zařazeny na seznam chráněných druhů Evropskou komisí (příloha II Směrnice o stanovištích) i ohrožených druhů v ČR (vyhláška 395/1992 Sb.). Aktuální výskyt sekavce je plošnější než u sekavčíka, ale stále soustředěn pouze do omezených oblastí. Nachází se v povodí Lužnice, kde osídluje jak horní, přírodě blízké úseky, tak střední část, kde obývá i rybníky a jejich stoky. Další populace se vyskytují v Jordánce (přítok Žehrovky), Pšovce a Chobotovském potoce (přítok Chrudimky). Nově byl výskyt zjištěn také v povodí Opatovického kanálu včetně Bohdanečského rybníka. Na Moravě byl výskyt sekavců potvrzen v povodí Moravské Dyje (VD Nová Říše), Jevišovky (včetně přítoku Skaličky), v povodí Dyje (nad soutokem s Jevišovkou) a v oblasti soutoku Dyje a Moravy. Nová populace sekavce byla zjištěna v náhonu Strhanec v povodí Bečvy. Výskyt sekavčíka na našem území byl známý pouze v dolním toku Vláry. V roce 2016 byla v řece Jihlavě objevena zcela nová populace, unikátní pro celé povodí Moravy.
|
|
|
Oxidative phosphorylation addiciton as a new approach to the therapy of neoplastic diseases
Růžičková, Anna ; Neužil, Jiří (advisor) ; Merta, Ladislav (referee)
Neoplastic diseases belong at present time among the most frequent causes of premature death in industrialized countries. Discovery of novel approaches to their therapy is highly warranted. Recent results point to the requirement of mitochondrial respiration for tumor progression. This is linked primarily to recent discovery of horizontal transfer of mitochondrial transfer from the host to cancer cells with damaged mitochondrial DNA. This is a needed for the recovery of mitochondrial respiration, a prerequisite for tumor progression. It has appeared that the rate of respiration necessary for tumor progression differs in individual types of tumors. This hypothesis, which is refer to as 'oxidative phosphorylation addiction', however, needs to be verified. It could serve as the basis for proposing of novel therapic strategy for neoplastic diseases, using compounds that directly affect mitochondrial respiratory complexes. Key words: mitochondria, oxidative phosphorylation, horizontal transfer of mitochondrial DNA, neoplastic pathologies, mitochondrially targeted anti-cancer agents
|
|
|
Cell viability changes after interaction with TiO2 nanoparticules and anthracycline cytostatics
Kondělková, Regina ; Štenglová Netíková, Irena (advisor) ; Merta, Ladislav (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to conduct a literary research about cell viability changes after interaction with TiO2 nanoparticules and anthracycline cytostatics. Anthracycline cytotoxic agents are one of the most commonly used groups of antineoplastic drugs, particulary doxorubicin. A serious side effect of anthracyclines in para drug administration (extravasation) is necrosis of the surrounding tissue. Effective treatment for this side effect is not available as of yet. One possible way could be to use sorption and degradation characteristics of nanoparticles of TiO2, which are non-toxic to the human body. Anthracyclines are characterized by rapid adsorption to the surface of nanoparticles of TiO2 and subsequent degradation to non-toxic products. Therefore further I deal with the use of nanoparticles of TiO2, their unique chemical properties and the way they affect cell viability, especially keratinocyte cell lines in vitro. It has been shown that there is no reduction in cell viability when culturing keratinocytes together with TiO2 nanoparticles and thus it opens the door for further studies on the use of nanoparticles of TiO2 for the treatment of necrotizing anthracycline extravasation.
|
|
|
Genetic structure and origin of Central European populations of tadpole shrimp Lepidurus apus (Crustacea: Notostraca)
Vopařilová, Lucie ; Sacherová, Veronika (advisor) ; Merta, Lukáš (referee)
Freshwater invertebrates especially species from temporary ponds are suitable model organisms for studying of dispersal mechanisms in their discontinous habitats. Tadpole shrimp Lepidurus apus (Notostraca) is restricted to vernal temporary waters in floodplain areas of big rivers. This Master's thesis is concentrated on survey of genetic variability and structure of L. apus population from Central Europe. Mitochondrial COI analysis of 45 specimens mostly from the Czech Republic indicates that all Central European specimens falls into the subspecies L. apus apus and also indicates low level of genetic variability and structure (on average 0,2 %). These results are confronted with other notostracan species, additionally with czech populations of coldstenothermal brine shrimp Eubranchipus grubii (Anostraca) and possible reasons of the low values are discussed.
|
|
|
Organization and mobility of G protein-coupled receptors in plasma membrane
Merta, Ladislav ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of structural and dynamic organization of thyrotropin releasing hormone receptor (TRH-R) and δ-opioid receptor (DOR) within plasma membrane (PM) in relation to the specific sub-compartments of PM denominated as domains or membrane rafts. Modern fluorescence microscopy techniques FLIM, FRAP and RICS were used for this purpose. The experiments were performed on the live cells derived from HEK293 cell line. To reach the main goal of this work, the integrity of PM structure was altered by depletion of cholesterol which was performed by incubation of cells with β cyclodextrin. Results clearly support our previously suggested idea that the vast majority of TRH-R is localized in non-raft regions of plasma membrane. This work also compared different modes of performance of FRAP and results obtained by FRAP and RICS because these methods are to some extent analogous. This is one of the first works that used the RICS approach to characterize the G protein-coupled receptors. In the second part of this work, the setup of transient transfection of the HEK293 cells with DOR-ECFP and DOR EYFP constructs was established. Simultaneously, the functionality of these constructs, i.e. the ability of DOR to activate the cognate G protein was determined. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
guest ::
RSS feed.