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The age structure of fish (Osteichthyes) from the locality Kučlín near Bílina
Drahný, Stanislav ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Štamberg, Stanislav (referee)
From the Kučlín sites near Bílina are known and described four species of Osteichthyes - Cyclurus macrocephalus REUSS, 1844, Thaumaturus furcatus REUSS, 1844, Properca prisca (Agassiz, 1834) and Morone sp. This paper is study about the age structure of morphological characters on the scales. Describes changes on scales that occur during the growth of the animal. For determination of the age structure is used a basic ichthyologic principles and methods of the recent forms. Therefore are some species described and compared with recent species. The work occupy enviromental conditions that affect the growth of fish fauna. In the study materials were used from a private collection Zdeněk Dvořák, from the collections of the National Museum in Prague, the Regional Museum in Most, the Regional Museum in Teplice and the Faculty of Science, Charles University (a collection of T. Přikryl). The results of the study sites Kučlín dated to the Late Eocene are compared with the location in Messel (Germany) from the Middle Eocene, where a similar study was also carried out previously. Keywords: Kučlín, Eocene, Cyclurus macrocephalus, Thaumaturus furcatus, Properca prisca, Morone sp., Osteichthyes, age structure, scale.
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Evolution of crocodiles (Crocodilia, Archosauria)
Chroust, Milan ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Přikryl, Tomáš (referee)
Crocodiles (Crocodilia) during their evolution have created many diverse forms. In this work is described their phylogenetic progress with a description of the important groups and taxonomical classification into the families. The classification is based on elder literature upgraded by actual commentaries. The work describes some of their anatomic and morphologic characters mostly of the recent species, which differentiates them from other reptiles or birds groups. In the Czech Republic were founded some crocodile's fragments belongs to genus Diplocynodon from Most Miocene basin. This work includes previous research of these finds. Key words: Crocodilia, evolution, Diplocynodon, Czech Republic
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Review of the pleistocene representatives of the family Rhinoceroses (Rhinocerotidae, Mammalia) in Czech Republic
Pícha, Štěpán ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Nývltová Fišáková, Miriam (referee)
In Bohemia is 1016 samples belonging to Pleistocen rhinos. In total, there are three species Stephanorhinus etruscus, Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis and Coelodonta antiquitatis. Coelodonta antiquitatis in the records completely dominates and is represented in virtually the entire skeleton, including the relatively large number of skulls and a complete skeleton. Other two species is represented only the teeth. On skulls Coelodonta antiquitatis was counting scale coefficient, which indicates monotype of skull. The research group is the most significant transitional variant with broad skull variant. Slender variant is represented only once. When photographing samples of the records I found two interesting pathology, which are further discussed in the text.
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Education trail in the Hvězda area (Prague)
Prajzlerová, Dominika ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the characteristic of the locality "Obora Hvězda" in the city of Prague. In the first part current knowledge of the geology and history of the locality is summarized and its biological features described. This part is completed with the author"s original photographs from the field and from the palaeontological collections of the National Muzeum. The work is aimed namely on public who could use it to expand their knowledge on the proposed educational natural trail for children. This new trail is dealt with in the concluding part of the submitted thesis; it is assumed to replace the current one which does not capture children"s interest adequately due to it being too long and accompanied with rather complicated verbal descriptions. The thesis includes two newly elaborated information boards as an example of the rationale of the new trail project. The emphasis is on graphical presentation using brief texts conveying the important message as well as illustrations and photographs.
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Development of the mammal assemblages during Quaternary climatic changes
Havlová, Tereza ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Nývltová Fišáková, Miriam (referee)
During the Quaternary there was a cyclical alternation of warm and cold periods - interglacials and glacials. Over the past 2.5 million years there was eighteen or twenty these cycles. These climate changes influenced by, except other, Milankovic cycles caused at sea level, extent of glaciation or distribution of vegetation zones. All these factors affected the communities of mammals, their distribution, migration and extinction of some groups of mammals. Area of continental and mountain glaciers expanded as well as levels of the ocean decreased during the glacials. Many species of mammals penetrated into new territory with the emergence of land-bridges a mammals from isolated areas could interact during cold periods. There was a retreat of glaciers and sea level rise and the migration routes through the land bridges was interrupted during the interglacials. Many, mostly island, populations were isolated and they were often developed to new endemic species. Key words: glacial, interglacial, climate changes, distribution, migration, extinction
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Scientific reconstruction of the fossil marine amniots
Cettl, Karel ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Ekrt, Boris (referee)
To create a good scientific reconstruction is important artistic skills and knowledge of history painting of prehistoric animals, and also knowlages in the anatomy, zoology, palaeontology, palaeoecology and also biomechanics. Reconstruction It stands on the borderline between art and science. Our view on the fossil marine Amniotes change over time with advancing skeletal findings, and also changed a scientific reconstruction. Although the actual outputs, such as reconstruction and in particular 3D models can explain a number of new or unexplained informations about this group. A reconstruction expert can not only beautify their actions, but also enthance scientific knowledge, or even to outline a new direction for further research. Keywords: Scientific reconstruction, fossil marine amniotes, adaptation, anatomy, evolution, palaeoecology, biomechanice, 3D models, trends.
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Draft inventory and cataloging of stored samples Chlupáč's museum of Earth History
Drahný, Stanislav ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Ekrt, Boris (referee)
Pro Chlupáčovo muzeum historie Země je připraveno v nejbližší budoucnosti mnoho změn. Nejvíce by jich mělo být spojeno s depozitní částí. Tato práce byla psána jako příručka, na kterou by mohl být brán ohled při těchto obměnách. Měla by sloužit jako plně funkční návod k novému označování sbírkových předmětů, novému systému uložení těchto předmětů a k jejich snadné dohledatelnosti v úložných prostorech. Došlo i k porovnání institucí zabývajících se podobnou problematikou a popsání jejich organizační práce v depozitních odděleních. Zjištěné informace, ať už od kurátorů, z literatury nebo ze zkušenosti autora byly sepsány, abych plnohodnotně navrhl novou katalogizaci a inventarizaci pro CHMHZ. Klíčová slova: muzeum, inventarizace, katalogizace, depozitář, sbírkové předměty. Abstract For Chlupáčovo muzeum historie Země (Chlupač's museum of Earth History) is prepared many changes in the near future. Most of them should be combined with parts of the deosit.This work was written as a guide, which could be taken into account for these variations. It should sere as a fully functional guide to the new tagged artefacts, a new systém of storage of these items and their ease of traceability of storage space. There are also compared to similar institutions dealing with these issues and describe their...
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Quaternary evolution of horses in CR
Rákosová, Veronika ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Nývltová Fišáková, Miriam (referee)
Large family of Equidae is one of the most explored species of big mammals of the last geological periods. However, its research is focused primary on the early species and their evolution. Holocenic and especially pleistocenic horses are researched poorly although they are important for quartenary paleoecologic reconstructions. The youngest ancestors of modern horses have had big role in formalization of up-to-date breeds which are worldwide expanded, except Antarctica, despite of fact that their wild forms has become extinct.
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Scientific reconstruction of theropod dinosaurs
Cettl, Karel ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Marek, Jaroslav (referee)
To create a good scientific reconstruction is important artistic skills and knowledge of history painting of prehistoric animals, and also knowlages in the anatomy, zoology, palaeontology, palaeoecology. Reconstruction of theropods dinosaurs became the royal discipline of professional illustration. It stands on the borderline between art and science. Our view on theropod dinosaurs has changed over time with advancing skeletal findings, and also changed a scientific reconstruction. Keywords: theropods, scientific reconstruction, anatomy structure, palaeoecology, Carnotaurus sastrei.
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Polymorphic Self-Checking Circuits
Mazuch, Martin ; Růžička, Richard (referee) ; Sekanina, Lukáš (advisor)
This Master's thesis deals with question of the development of self-checking polymorphic circuits. It deals with a traditional way of creating reliable and self-checking circuits, presenting basic principles and methods. Also a method of Cartesian Genetic Programming for development of combinational circuits is explained. This thesis describes concepts of polymorphic gates and circuits and their benefits in practical use. Some existing self-checking polymorphic circuits are presented and their self-checking capabilities are analyzed. A proposal of realization of a design system for self-checking polymorphic circuits is given. A design system has been built based on presented specification and an application allowing simulations and analysis of system-proposed solutions has been created. Variety of experiments have been performed at created system and several interesting solutions have been acquired. At the end, conclusion is given and benefits of MSc. project are discussed.
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