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Adjectives and adverbs of the type bezcílný, bezcílně in New Czech
Glogarová, Anna ; Martínek, František (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the word formation type "bezcílný". Its aim is to describe the usage of the adjectives of this type and their adverbial derivates since the National Revival to this day. Furthermore, the thesis tries to describe the productivity of the stated word formation type. The theoretical part focuses on the characterization of this word formation type and the influences of the linguistic purism and language contact on its usage and productivity. In the practical part, research based on the data extracted from Czech dictionaries, diachronic and synchronic corpora and lexical database of modern Czech is presented. The conclusions of the analysis of concrete expressions were generalised and the expressions were classified into 6 groups depending on their age. The results of the research show, that the expressions in these groups evince a few similarities and similar tendencies. The fact of Czech linguistic purism has been also taken into consideration, but, according to the results, the influence of their theses was marginal.
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Diphthongization ý > ej in Pardubice Books of Testimonies
Dostálková, Eliška ; Dittmann, Robert (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The bachelor thesis brings a detailed description of the distribution of diphthongization ý > ej in two of the Pardubice Books of Testimonies, which were not analyzed by František Oberpfalcer-Jílek. These are the Rejistra tajemství lotrovského and the Delinquentem Register ab anno 1590 bis 1626. In addition to the description of the phonetic change, the bachelorʼs thesis places the results in the context of previous research on this change. The material basis of the work is the edition of the Pardubice Books of Testimonies called Pardubické smolné knihy 1538-1626, published by Jindřich Francek in 2016. From the books of testimonies all the expessions with ý already changed to ej as well as those with the original ý were manually excerpted. Expressions with diphthongization of a secondarily hardened ý (cases such as vozejk) and í after l, ř, ž, š, č. The words were written down in a table in the Microsoft Excel and the tags with the values of selected linguistic and non-linguistic variables were manually added. The language material annotated in this way was subjected to quantitative and qualitative analysis and the results were compared with the results of previous research on the distribution of the mentioned change in printed and manuscript production of the given period and with the results of...
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Czech Loanwords from Indigenous Languages of the Americas
Chmelařová, Nikola ; Rejzek, Jiří (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis is devoted to the theory of a language contact and lexical borrowing, classification of loanwords in terms of their motivation and different ways of adaptation. In the practical part there are gathered lexical loanwords from indigenous languages of both American continents. It is based on different types of dictionaries of different languages. We were tracing the origin of each loanword and its frequency in Czech language based on corpus data. Key words: loanword, borrowing, language contact, American indigenous languages, American Indian languages
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Colors and their collocations in the Czech National Corpus
Špetová, Leona ; Kováříková, Dominika (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the basic color terms in the Czech language and their collocations. The work aims to examine and determine which adverbs connect with color terms the most. The data for the research are gained from synchronous corpora of written Czech called SYN2015. The thesis describes relevant terminology and presents the main linguistic approaches to research of color terms in the language. To compare differently frequented color terms, the frequency was relativized, and depending on it, the connections were differentiated into collocations and combinations. Four categories of collocations were defined based on the analysis: category of connections with other colors, category of reference to physical objects, category of brightness, saturation and intensity, category of specific characteristics. Collocations of each color term (in case of the first category also combinations) are examined and described within each category.
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Czech assimilation of voicing in native speakers of English
Pecková, Františka ; Skarnitzl, Radek (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with pronunciation of English speakers in Czech, especially with assimilation of voicing. The theoretical part describes Czech and English consonants, speech processes in both languages, factors influencing foreign accent and textbook analysis focusing on the practice of assimilation of voicing. The following part presents a research with 12 English native speakers. From these analyses, conclusions were drawn about the correctness of pronunciation and also about the correctness of assimilation of voices in general and for individual speakers. On the basis of the obtained data, a didactic plan for this phenomenon was created. Key words: English, Czech as a foreign language, assimilation of voicing, pronunciation, consonants, voicing, phonetics
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Czech Modal Construction "nepotřebuji + infinitive" expressing 'I do not need to ...'
Genserová, Barbora ; Martínek, František (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe the Czech construction "nepotřebovat + infinitive" ('not need to / needn't + infinitive'), its use and its relation to the Czech system of modality. One of the questions this thesis will answer is whether the construction contains a new modal verb or a form of an already existing verb potřebovat 'to need'. The theoretical part of the paper focuses on modality, modal verbs in Czech, German and Polish, grammaticalization, language contact and language purism. The researched construction together with the construction "potřebovat + infinitive" is then characterized from all the above-mentioned standpoints. In the practical part, an empirical research based on the data extracted from Czech dictionaries, lexical database of modern Czech and diachronic and synchronic corpora is presented. The results of the research show that in the 19th century, the construction containing nepotřebovat was used more frequently than the one with potřebovat, which indicates an ongoing process of grammaticalization. On the contrary, in the 20th and 21st century, the construction with nepotřebovat is the less frequented one. However, the frequency of both constructions is growing in the synchronic corpora. Both constructions have very similar morphosyntactic properties which...
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Internationalisms and neologisms in contemporary cultural and political news
Ivasková, Jarmila ; Bozděchová, Ivana (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The bachelor thesis is devoted to description and analysis of contemporary vocabulary of selected Czech journals, that are focused on news from the political and cultural field. The aim of this thesis is to prove the usage of lexice internationalism and neologism and to characterize them closely from the process point of view and the level of adaptation in the Czech language, the specificity of the creation of the words and lexice semantics including its pragmatical mening. The thesis will use the methodology based on the theory of key words and on this basis selected naming (lexems) relevant for the field of politics and culture will be selected from the Neologism dictionary 1,2 and also from the Academic dictionary of foreign words. Occurrence and usage of selected lexems will be subsequently documented in journals MF DNES and Lidove noviny within a period of three months: June, July and August 2017. Excerpted material will be used to compare semantics and style characteristics of key names as they presented in the mentioned dictionaries and the realized in the texts, prospective updated will be evaluated. Keywords Internationalism, neologism, lexical semantics, pragmatics, culture, politics, news, daily
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Transcription and language analysis of Hádání Chytrosti s Upřímností
Kunertová, Helena ; Voleková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The bachelor thesis introduces a glossed critical edition of Hádání Chytrosti s Upřímností (The Quarrel of Cleverness and Sincerity) which is a part of Jenský kodex (The Jena Codex). The first part contains a brief history of the Codex, summarizes findings about its dating and author. In the next part, the genre of hádání (quarrel) is presented from the point of its subject matter and its historical development. The thesis then analyzes the content, orthography and language of Hádání Chytrosti s Upřímností. The language analysis focuses on selected phenomena that are somehow characteristic of this text. Newly created transcribed edition of the text is a part of the thesis, as well as a critical transliterated edition for the purpose of the orthographic analysis.
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Sense Inheritance in the Derivation by Suffixes from Polysemous Words
Sláma, Jakub ; Bozděchová, Ivana (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The present thesis deals with, and elaborates on, the concept of sense inheritance (particularly with respect to suffixation in Czech). Drawing on more general remarks on lexical meaning, polysemy, and the semantic relatedness of a derived word and its base, the theoretical part of the thesis delineates the notion of sense inheritance, originating within the framework of construction grammar. It is shown that the idea of sense inheritance has at least implicitly been present in Czech lexicology (cf. the derivational criterion for identifying senses of polysemous words) and lexicography. It is argued that the traditional Czech theory of word formation relies on the assumption of the semantic transparency or even compositionality of motivated words, which can hardly be squared with empirical evidence concerning sense inheritance, nevertheless. In the empirical part of the thesis semantic relations are analyzed that hold between derivatives within 43 word families of polysemous bases (denoting body parts), and subsequently the sense-inheritance properties of the 80 most frequent (hence established and lexicalized) derivatives with the agentive suffix -tel and polysemous base verbs are contrasted with those found in 100 hapax legomena derived from polysemous bases with the same affix. This enables not...
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The Use of Proofreading Marks
Hilgardová, Kateřina ; Martínek, František (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
Cílem bakalářské práce je postihnout korektorské značky v užití v praxi. teoretické části shrnuje všechny státní technické normy upravující korektorské značky a sleduje vývoj znamének. Dále porovnává česká korekturní znaménka se znaménky cizími (slovenskými, německými, britskými, americkými a ruskými), nakonec se zaměřuje na typy příruček učící korektorská znaménka. Praktická část práce se zabývá užíváním korektorských značek redaktory a sleduje, která znaménka se používají ve shodě s zaměřuje na porovnání papírové a elektronické korektury a zjišťuje, na kterém médiu respondent dokáže najít více chyb.
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