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The Sinitic Nexus: Becoming Asian in the Chinese-language Literature of Manchuria under Japanese Rule
Blahota, Martin ; Lomová, Olga (advisor) ; Smith, Norman (referee) ; Hladíková, Kamila (referee)
The Sinitic Nexus: Becoming Asian in the Chinese-language Literature of Manchuria under Japanese Rule Abstract This dissertation analyzes modern Chinese-language literature produced in Manchuria under Japanese rule during the 1930s and 1940s. The protagonists in this literature identify not only with Manchuria, China, and Japan but also with East Asia. In my readings, a sense of belonging to China or East Asia, but more often to the latter, is one of the main sources for the cultural identities of these protagonists. In this study, I conceptualize the identities represented in the Chinese-language literature of Manchuria as a complex combination of entangled identities that I call the "Sinitic nexus." I argue that the "Asian" element of this nexus of identities is constructed by Asianism, or the pan-national discourse of "Asia." While thus far, the significance of "Asian" identities in the Chinese-language literature of Manchuria has been overlooked both in scholarship on this literature and in the intellectual history of Asianism, I focus on it to reveal the complexity of this literature from a fresh perspective that goes beyond naturalized categories such as nation and the dichotomy of the colonizer and the colonized, and also to show how Asianist thought was creatively reproduced in literature through...
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Qi Baishi's poetry and painting in Czech collections
Youngová, Emily ; Pejčochová, Michaela (advisor) ; Lomová, Olga (referee)
Thesis abstract The aim of this thesis is to introduce the poetry of the Chinese artist Qi Baishi (1864-1957). The paper will also touch upon his paintings, which are closely related to his poetry - not only due to the influence of sanjue, or "the three perfections" (these being literature, calligraphy, and painting), but also thanks to some leitmotifs and recurring allusions that can be found in the two forms of art. Aided by accessible translations, multiple poems are chosen from Qi Baishi's manuscript with the objective to specify the main motifs present in his work. The selected poems are then translated into Czech and interpreted. This then contributes to the interpretation of chosen paintings also included in this thesis. Key words Qi Baishi 齐白石; Chinese poetry; Chinese painting; Czech collections of Chinese painting
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Novel Feidu by Chinese author Jia Pingwa
Smetanová, Dagmar ; Andrš, Dušan (advisor) ; Lomová, Olga (referee)
This thesis analyses the novel Feidu (1993) by the contemporary Chinese writer Jia Pingwa (*1952). The novel is not easy to classify under any of the literary genres present in China in the 1990s. Its setting in an urban environment and the focus on the upper social class of intellectuals, sets it apart even from the rest of Jia Pingwa's work. In an imaginative way, Feidu creates a picture of Chinese society in the last decade of the 20th century against the backdrop of the fictional metropolis Xijing, drawing attention to the far-reaching problems associated with this period, especially the rapid commercialization and the irreversible decline of Chinese culture. This thesis brings forward an analysis of narrative techniques, subjects and general meaning of the novel, views it within the context of the rest of the author's work and considers the novel's relation to the traditional Chinese narrative fiction, to which Feidu refers in many ways.
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Zhou Zuoren's essays on Japan and Japanese culture
Honcoopová, Haruna ; Andrš, Dušan (advisor) ; Lomová, Olga (referee)
V naší studii jsme se snažili předestřít Zhou Zuorenův život a dílo tak, jak se proplétalo složitými dějinami Východní Asie první poloviny 20. století. Právě JaponskoZhou Zuorenova vyvolená země -tehdy velkou Čínu poznamenalo válečným traumatem, z kterého se ještě nestačila vyléčit. Dodnes Japonce lidé v Číně nenávidí a není tedy divu, že ani Zhou Zuoren se svou neskrývanou láskou k Japonsku tam nemá snadnou pozici. Na základě studia konkrétního materiálu jeho esejů jsme se snažili zmapovat, jakými aspekty Japonska se autor zabýval, o čem psal a co ho na Japonsku fascinovalo.
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Liu Xiaobo - An intellectual biography in view of the changing Chinese society in the 1980's
Phamová, Kateřina ; Lomová, Olga (advisor) ; Hudeček, Jiří (referee)
Liu Xiaobo first came to attention in mid 80s of the 20th century, as radical critic of Chinese culture and society. Due to his point of view he cannot be linked with any existing intellectual group. Therefore, it is not possible to point him as a typical representative of the intellectual circles of the time. This work brings closer his ideas and his perspective of the changing Chinese society of the 1980s. It follows chronologically important events in Liu Xiaobo's life and his involvement in the intellectual debates within the context of social and political situation in the People's Republic of China. It is based on the articles and books he published during the given period. In the end it brings the summary of his ideas and his vision about where should be Post-Mao China heading. Keywords Liu Xiaobo, China after the Cultural Revolution, China - modern history, intellectual debates
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Sun Simiao - life of an immortal
Švarný, Michal ; Lomová, Olga (advisor) ; Maršálek, Jakub (referee)
Sun Simiao - life of an immortal : Abstract This thesis studies the traditional perception on an important Chinese Tang dynasty physician and alchemist Sun Simiao 孫思邈 (581-682), which is examined on his biography from the tenth century Taoist collection of hagiographies Xuxianzhuan 續仙傳. The study begins through an analysis of the oldest available sources of the biography of Sun Simiao. This analysis can build upon the work of N. Sivin, summarize it, add some details if needed and approach it with a critical attitude. The study of Sun's biography focuses on the archetypal categories which were connected to him, such as recluses, masters of methods and immortals. First the structure of his biography is compared with the usual structure of biographies of exemplary officials. Then parts of the biography that correspond to each category are chosen. On their basis the extent to which the biography of Sun Simiao represents only a characterisation of the given category or truly reflects the real his real life, or at least what we know about his life from the available sources. In the end the later development of Sun Simiao's traditional Taoist perception is briefly outlined providing a broader perspective of the main subject. Keywords: China (Tang dynasty), hagiography, recluses, Taoism, immortals, intellectual...
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Charter 08 and the Status of Public Intellectuals in Contemporary People's Republic of China
Košková, Zuzana ; Klimeš, Ondřej (advisor) ; Lomová, Olga (referee)
CHARTER 08 AND THE STATUS OF PUBLIC INTELLECTUALS IN MODERN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ABSTRACT Bachelor Thesis "Charter 08 and the Status of Public Intellectuals in Modern People's Republic of China" is desribing contemporary Chinese dissent associated with manifesto Charter (2008) as public intelectualls who are standing for democratic and liberal values. The thesis is describing historic and social development of Chinese intellectuals stressing their relationship to the system and status of public intellectuals. The thesis describes activities of public intellectuals and ilustrates their status on examples of selected signatories of Charter 08. Particular attention is paid to Liu Xiaobo the main author of the Charter 08. Despite the fact that China is classified as an authoritarian regime that does not allow any opposition, it seems that public intellectuals in China are able to organize themselves and be active in public. This contradicts the concept of vanishing of public intellectuals in postmodern society. The thesis also deals with Charter 77, a manifesto of the Czechoslovak dissidents who inspired the authors of the Chinese Charter. The comparison shows that though both documents were created in a socially and historically distant conditions, both documents and historical situations have many...
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Gu Kuang and his nature lyrics
Teryngerová, Veronika ; Lomová, Olga (advisor) ; Andrš, Dušan (referee)
Smyslem mé práce bude představit básníka Gu Kuanga žijícího v období panování dynastie Tang. Stručně nastíním Gu Kuangův život a dále hlouběji rozeberu jeho básnickou tvorbu. Z Gu Kuangových dochovaných básní se zaměřím na přírodní lyriku. Ve dvou kapitolách pomocí příkladů Gu Kuangovy přírodní lyriky poukážu na hlavní, a sice ideové vlivy buddhismu a taoismu na jeho básnickou tvorbu. V podkapitolách se pro lepší představu v pokusím načrtnout rozdílný projev těchto vlivů u Gu Kuanga a jeho součastníka Wang Weie (699 -760). Práce bude obsahovat přehled témat a forem v Gu Kuangově tvorbě a pokusím se poukázat na autorovo místo v linii básníků v období přerodu éry Vrcholné Tang v éru Střední Tang. Jako vodítko mi bude sloužit článek Zhou Mingxiu "Gu Kuang: zai Li bai yu Li He zhijian, jehož závěry nastíním a na základě četby Gu Kuangova díla s některými budu polemizovat. To pomůže zařadit Gu Kuanga tvořícího v přelomovém období do kontextu probíhajících změn ve směřování čínského básnictví. Nakonec se pokusím dotknout se stručně jazyka, především lexikální náplni Gu Kuangovy přírodní lyriky a zmíním také spolu s ukázkami z básní specifikum vnímajícího subjektu v Gu Kuangově přírodní lyrice. V příloze uvádím překlady dalších vybraných Guových básní a přebásnění vybraných čtyřverší, kde jsem se snažila co...
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Ma Zhiyuan - Huangliangmeng (analysis and translation)
Vacek, Lukáš ; Lomová, Olga (advisor) ; Andrš, Dušan (referee)
V této práci se budu zabývat čínským dramatikem z přelomu 13. a 14. století Ma Zhiyuanem (Jl; ft.iit.) a především jeho divadelní hrou Huangliang meng1 (~ :W:. ~). Pokusím se ukázat problematiku překladu čínského literárního útvaru a zjistit, zda se překladatelské teorie, které zde zastoupí práce a názory J. Levého, založené na zkušenosti z překládání literárních děl v rámci evropského kulturního kontextu, dají použít jako teoretické východisko i při překládání takto jazykově i kulturně odlišného útvaru. Mým záměrem je především podat ucelený pohled na problematiku a charakter hry Huangliang meng, zasadit ji do kontextu žánrových konvencí a doby, kdy vznikala, a ukázat, v čem spočívají její specifika. Na rozboru hry budu chtít ukázat zásadní problémy překladu a na několika příkladech se zároveň pokusím postihnout výrazné literární prostředky a autorský styl Ma Zhiyuana. Poté přistoupím k literárnímu překladu prvního jednání, abychom si jednotlivé přístupy, problémy a charakteristické motivy představili z celkového pohledu překladatele i čtenáře. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Life and writings of Nguyễn Tuòng Tam
Strašáková, Mária ; Lomová, Olga (advisor) ; Vasiljev, Ivo (referee) ; Forest, Alain (referee)
In this thesis I aim not only to provide a comprehensive survey of the personality and life of Nguyễn Tường Tama - Nhất Linh in historical context, but also to analyze his literary work as part of the social and cultural transformation of Vietnamese society, investigating its roots in personal as well as historical context and examining its impact on the society, either directly, or indirectly, via inspiring further similarly motivated literature. In my analysis I have been inspired by the approach of New Historicism, the main assumption of which is that literature is historical, i.e. it is a social and cultural construct as well as its author. Through careful analysis of Tam's life (his family background, schooling in Vietnam and France, career as a journalist, writer and leader of the Tự Lực Văn Đoàn (Self-Strength Literary Group), and political activities) and his writings, with special focus on his depiction of women, it is apparent that Tam, despite his ardent advocacy of modernization of Vietnamese society and individualism remained to be a Confucian gentleman (junzi) and unwittingly reinstated many Confucian values in his novels. Examining Tam's life and work one is also confronted with two more general questions concerning the analysis of Asian literatures in the process of modern...
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