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Evaluation of head position - children with idiopathic scoliosis
Dvořáčková, Štěpánka ; Kučerová, Klára (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
Idiopathic scolios (IS) is one of the most common structural spinal deformities. Patients with idiopathic scoliosis have altered posture due to scoliosis. The aim od the study was to evaluate the position of the head in children with IS and to compare the results with a control group of healthy children. The position of the head was evaluated by the method of kinematic analysis from digital photographs, where we compared the coronal head tilt and the coronal shoulder angle between the two groups. Furthermore, the measurement of the subjective visual vertical was pearformed using Bucekt metod. Both of these measurements were performed in 10 children with IS (age 12,2 ± 2,4, mean ± SD; Cobb angle 14,9˚ ± 8,8˚ SD) and the group od 10 healthy children (age 13,9 ± 2,5). Based on these measurements, we evaluated three hypotheses. We came to the conclusion that both groups have comparable average deviations from the central position of the head and shoulders, but in the group with IS there was higher variance of values. In the group with IS, in seven patients the sides of the SVV tilt and the head tilt do not match.
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Comparison of level of motor skills in competition and fitness swimming children
Novotná, Anna ; Kraus, Josef (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
Bibliographic identification NOVOTNÁ, Anna. Comparison of level of motor skills in competition and fitness swimming children. Prague: Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2021. 92 p. Supervisor MUDr. Josef Kraus, CSc. Abstract The theoretical part of this thesis provides an overview of the knowledge about the developmental coordination disease (DCD), its relationship to physical activities and findings concerning swimming styles with emphasis on the freestyle stroke. The practical part summarizes and evaluates the results of the MABC-2 test, the d2 attention test as well as the survey that have all been performed on a group of swimmers from the TJ Slovan Karlovy Vary swimming club. The aim of the thesis was to assess the level of the motor skills of competitive swimmers and leisure swimmers along with examining differences between the results of both groups. Another aim was to compare adherence to physical activity as well as participation in such activities between the groups. The last goal was to compare the correlation between the observed level of motor skills and the current level of attention. The level of motor skills differed between the competitive swimmers and the leisure swimmers groups. Both groups of swimming children demonstrated worse...
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Influence of the vestibular system on the tone of postural muscles
Kvasnička, Tomáš ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the vestibular system and its influence on postural musculature. The theoretical section contains an overview of modern findings concerning the vestibular system and its impact on other parts of the organism. Besides anatomical and physiological findings, the theoretical section also contains a research section which includes studies on the vestibular system, posture, stretching and their mutual effects. The main focus of the practical section is to prove the influence of the vestibular system on musculature, mainly the extensors and flexors of the lower limbs. Affecting the vestibular system causes lengthening of the ischiocrural muscles and shortening of the hip flexors (musculus rectus femoris). In this study, we tested 39 probands and measured their results after rotational vestibular stimulation. The measurements were taken goniometrically in the hip and knee joints. Dynamic parameters of the spine were also measured, along with Thomayers distance in metric values. The results have been statistically and graphically evaluated. It was proven that the vestibular system has a large statistical impact on the ischiocrural muscles as well as the frontal thigh muscles. An influence of the vestibular system on the paravertebral muscles was however not proven. In the...
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Postural stability and subjective visual vertical perception in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.
Votrubová, Barbora ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is characterised as a three-dimensional deformity of the spine with unknown etiopathogenesis. There is evidence that scoliosis may be associated with abnormalities of the vestibular system. Examination of postural stability and verticality perception is a way to assess vestibular function. The objective of this work is to compare postural stability and subjective visual vertical (SVV) between adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and healthy controls. Twelve AIS patients and twelve controls participated in the study. Examination of postural stability was performed through a Kistler force platform and the SVV was tested using a pre-programmed computed equipment Synapsys. An instrument for evaluating the perception patients have of their trunk deformity, Trunk Appearance Perception Scale (TAPS), was also part of the examination. Our results did not show a significant difference between the two groups in postural stability and static SVV-S. Statistically significant difference was found on dynamic SVV-D with clockwise rotation (p 0,01): AIS patients (1,19ř ± 1,03ř), control group (-0,17ř ± 0,82ř). There was also a significant difference on absolute deviation of dynamic SVV-D with clockwise rotation (p 0,05): AIS patients (1,50ř ± 0,77ř), control group (0,81ř ±...
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Impact of cochlear implant on vestibular function in adult patients
Ištoková, Lucie ; Kučerová, Klára (advisor) ; Čakrt, Ondřej (referee)
Bibliographic identification IŠTOKOVÁ, Lucie. The influence of cochlear implant on vestibular function in adult patients. Prague: Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020. 58 p., Appendices. Thesis supervisor Mgr. Klára Kučerová. Abstract Severe hearing loss is standardly treated by cochlear implantation. Considering the anatomical proximity and interconnection to the vestibulocochlear nerve, it is possible to influence vestibular functions. The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the effect of unilateral cochlear implantation on postural stability and vestibular function in adult patients with severe hearing loss caused postlingually. Eleven patients aged 28-72 were examined the day before surgery, the day after surgery, and on average 25 days after surgery. The evaluation consisted of short-form Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Timed Up and Go testing (TUG), static stabilometry and the perception of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) static and dynamic. Significant deterioration of TUG and SVV was recorded particularly immediately after surgery. In dynamic SVV, especially, when the field of view rotated to the left. Considerable results in stabilometry were only when standing on a hard surface with eyes closed. Improvements in TUG, SVV...
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Wheelchair Basketball through the lenses of the Sociology of Disability
Kučerová, Klára ; Numerato, Dino (advisor) ; Andresová, Nela (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the role of wheelchair basketball in the life of physically "disabled" and with the "disabled" players perception of this sport. This work uses social relational approach to "disability". In the theoretical part, the author deals with the identity of "disabled" and with the relation between the sports environment and "disability". She also introduces a concept of empowerment, benefits of playing wheelchair basketball and associated barriers. The practical part is based on qualitative research, which is conducted using six semi- structured interviews with physically "disabled" wheelchair basketball players. Based on the data analysis, the work concludes that the role of wheelchair basketball has changed from mere sport to important part of personality and life of "disabled". It helps them to handle their "disability" in everyday life and provides them supporting and stable background.
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Examination of genetic predispositions for celiac disease in a family with a history of diabetes mellitus 1. Type
KUČEROVÁ, Klára
Celiac disease is one of the autoimmune disorders that mainly affects the mucous membrane of the small intestine. The disease is characterized by intolerance to gliadin, which forms part of gluten. The intolerance leads to chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, causing chronic diarrhea, adipose feces, vomiting, fatigue, and last but not least also weight loss. Type I. diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune metabolic disease demonstrated by hyperglycemia (increased level of blood glucose) which is a result of the insufficient effect of insulin. Type I. DM can occur at individuals as an independent disease or combined with other autoimmune diseases such as celiac disease. While genetic predisposition is a condition for the development of celiac disease, the development is influenced to a greater extent by external factors, for example environmental elements. Genetic predisposition is bound to alleles of the HLA system. This concerns in particular the HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes. Due to various clinical symptoms, it is very difficult to diagnose the disease in some cases, and many patients are not diagnosed with the disease at all. The aim of the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis is to study and then summarize findings concerning celiac disease and type I. diabetes mellitus (DM I). To a great extent, the thesis addresses the topics of diabetes, celiac disease, and the HLA system. As for celiac disease, the thesis focuses on its characteristics, diagnostics, treatment, and inheritance. In the case of diabetes, the thesis deals with its individual types, treatment and also the genetic predispositions. The conclusion of the thesis describes the HLA system itself and shows the importance of the association between the type I. diabetes mellitus and celiac disease. The practical part of the thesis was conducted in the GENLABS genetics laboratory in České Budějovice. In this laboratory, genetic predispositions to celiac disease were examined by using the real-time PCR method. The examination is based on the HLA typing of the risk alleles by means of the commercially produced EliGene? Coeliac RT kit (DQ2, DQ8, DR4). The goal of the practical part is to master the basic laboratory methods such as the DNA isolation from the peripheral blood and buccal swab, to measure the DNA concentration, to adopt the real-time PCR method that serves to determine the HLA risk haplotype and to analyze gained results.
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Perception of subjective visual vertical
Radvanská, Edita ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
Postural balance system is a multisensory-organized complex using afference of exteroceptors, enteroceptors, proprioceptors and the visual and the vestibular system. The utriculus and the sacculus are otolith organs placed in the vestibular labyrinth and they are capable of recognizing the direction of gravity. Their function is crucial for keeping postural stability during stand and walk. The ability to recognize the geophysical vertical is failing if the vestibular system is impaired. There are the subjective visual vertical (SVV), the subjective postural vertical (SPV) and the subjective haptic vertical (SHV) which can be tested in humans. This study is interested in SVV, its pathophysiology and measuring. We are comparing the accuracy of measurement of SVV by the Bucket method and a mobile application Visual Vertical in healthy subjects in our experiment.
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