|
|
How to motivate DM2 patients to lose weight
Hoffmannová, Gabriela ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
The disease diabetes mellitus is reaching an alarming level worldwide and its prevalence is rising sharply every year. The Czech Republic has over a million patients with this disease. This is a major societal problem, where the costs of diabetes treatment, especially for the treatment of complications, are skyrocketing and burdening the economy. Therefore, we must look for ways to motivate patients to reduce weight, which can also lead to disease remission, better compensations, and a reduction in the development of complications in individual patients. People often know about a healthy diet and the need for physical activity, yet they often struggle with reducing their weight. The aim of this work was to find out how we can motivate patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to lose weight. In view of the development of motivational interviews when working with behaviour change in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a hypothesis was established: An appropriate individualized motivational interview can positively influence the motivation to reduce weight in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To fulfil the goal of this work, both quantitative and qualitative research was chosen in order to use the strengths of both methodological approaches as much as possible. Quantitative based on an online...
|
|
|
Dietary habits and their influence on compensation of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes
Mlejnková, Klára ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
Introduction: This bachelor thesis deals with the dietary habits of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes before and during pregnancy with regard to the diabetes control. It then points the changes in these habits that occurred during pregnancy. Aims: The theoretical part briefly describes the characteristics of type 1 diabetes and its treatment. It then describes pregnancy in this disease and complications of diabetic pregnancy. More attention is paid to nutrition during preconception and pregnancy. It discusses in more detail the various macronutrients and micronutrients needed during these periods and highlights foods and beverages that are inappropriate. The main aim of the practical part was to determine the dietary habits of women with type 1 diabetes before and during pregnancy and then to compare whether these were modified to diabetes control. Methods: The data for the bachelor thesis were obtained by means of a questionnaire survey conducted from August 2022 to April 2023. Two questionnaires were created in the electronic interface of Google Forms and subsequently offered to patients with type 1 diabetes in the outpatient clinic of the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and the University Hospital. Data from the documentation of...
|
|
|
Relations between personality traits and eating habits
Mastromatteová, Nikol ; Konečná, Judita (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
This thesis studies the relations between personality traits of the Big Five model (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience, conscientiousness) and eating habits. The aim of this work is to map the relation between personality traits and eating habits, to describe the relation of specific traits with specific eating habits and to discuss possible use in practice. Data were obtained using two questionnaires administered anonymously in an online environment. The NEO-FFI questionnaire was used to measure personality traits, and a self- created questionnaire based on World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and The Czech Society for Nutrition (CSN) nutritional recommendations was used to measure eating habits. Data from 91 respondents (22 men and 69 women) were analyzed. The results showed the association of neuroticism with some eating habits that were classified in the unhealthy group, the association of conscientiousness and agreeableness with some eating habits that were classified in the healthy group. Extraversion and openness to experience were associated with habits from both the healthy and unhealthy groups. The results are consistent with previous studies in the context of conscientiousness and neuroticism....
|
|
|
Insulin pump Therapy compared to Insulin Pen Injections in Pregnant Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Cvejnová, Michaela ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
Pregnancy in women suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with various complications and risks for both the mother and the baby both during pregnancy as well as during the delivery and in the postpartum period. For this reason, it is essential to ensure proper treatment and compensation of the disease. Proper diabetes compensation and treatment of any associated diseases before and during pregnancy is the basis for a successful pregnancy. If possible, pregnancy should be planned to coincide with a period of the best possible diabetes compensation. Treatment of diabetes in pregnancy includes lifestyle modification (diabetic diet and exercise), regular self-monitoring of glycaemia and insulin therapy with insulin pens or an insulin pump. The subject of the thesis is type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. The aim was to compare the outcomes of treatment with insulin pens vs insulin pump with regard to diabetes compensation, course of pregnancy and delivery and, lastly, foetal complications. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes current knowledge about type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. The practical part compares the treatment with insulin pens vs insulin pump. The results are presented in form of statistical analysis of data in women treated with insulin pens or insulin...
|
|
|
Diet quality of hospitalized women with diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and after childbirth
Chlubnová, Kateřina ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis focused on the quality of diet of hospitalized women with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, respectively gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). As GDM occurs in connection with pregnancy, for many women this represents a significant (usually short-term) change in their diet. However, this may differ considerably in the home setting from the hospital setting where the diet is a given. The aim of this thesis was thus to answer the main research question: How satisfied are women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus with their diet in hospital? and also to related - sub-questions. These were related to the palatability of the hospital food and its sufficiency/quantity, and adherence to the diabetic diet was also discussed. In order to fulfil the aim of the thesis, quantitative research - questionnaire survey was chosen. It was carried out directly at the inpatient ward of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University in Prague and General medical teaching hospital in Prague. For completion of the collected information, an interview with the local nutritionist was also conducted. IBM SPSS statistical software was used to evaluate the questionnaires, specifically descriptive statistics as well as calculation of diameter and reference...
|
|
|
Low carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy
Kábelová, Adéla ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Šeda, Ondřej (referee)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder, which substantially affects quality of patients' lives and simultaneously increases the risk of early death due to development of its specific complications. Current T2D therapy comprises mainly pharmacotherapy, however, lifestyle changes, particularly modification of dietary habits, also assume an important role in the process. While conventional dietotherapy of T2D primarily concerns reduction of dietary fat intake aiming to achieve caloric restriction, the low carbohydrate diet (LCD), recently often discussed in relation to T2D therapy, is based on the reduction of dietary carbohydrates, whereas fats and/or proteins are increased. The positive effects of LCD in T2D therapy and its comorbidities are summarized in the theoretical part of this thesis. The aim of the practical part of the bachelor thesis was to asses the effect of LCD on health parameters associated with T2D as well as the subjective sense of respondents' satisfaction with this diet together with their adherence and compliance. The results of the survey showed that LCD led to weight loss, decreased waist circumference, glycaemia and levels of glycated haemoglobin and led, in a number of cases, to medication reduction. The level of satisfaction with LCD in the...
|
|
|
Low-carbohydrate diet in diabetes mellitus type 1 treatment
Němečková, Monika ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Hásková, Aneta (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is the influence of a low-carbohydrate diet on the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is an autoimmune disease for which it is necessary for patients to administer insulin. The selection of suitable sports activities, good health and mental condition and, above all, the adjustment of eating habits also contribute to the successful compensation of diabetes. This work demonstrates a low-carbohydrate diet as one of the possibilities diabetics can eat. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part briefly describes the disease and presents the recommended and a low- carbohydrate diet. The following section also addresses physical activity. It describes the issues of sports for people with diabetes who are on a regular diet, as well as on low-carbohydrate diet. The practical part shows the results of glucose sensors (Free Style Libre, Dexcom G6 and Medtronic), which continuously measure blood sugar levels. In the practical part, eight respondents with type 1 diabetes, who switched the recommended diet for a low-carbohydrate diet, were surveyed in the form of a questionnaire. The purpose of the questionnaire was to assess the effects of switching to a low- carbohydrate diet on: the compensation of diabetes; the frequency of...
|
|
|
The Influence of a Lifestyle of Women with Anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Manifestation of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Dittrichová, Jana ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
1 Abstract: The present thesis is focused on a lifestyle of women with anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes and on the way in which this lifestyle influences manifestation of Type 2 Diabetes. The goal of the thesis is to describe the ways in which women with anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes in the period 1-11 years after delivery behave preventively in order that Type 2 Diabetes would not occur - to describe their diet and movement activities as well as to discover, if they have their blood sugar level checked regularly. By means of questionnaire survey, it has been discovered that women with anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes consume not-sweetened beverages, coffee, vegetable and fruits, on the other hand it would be convenient, if they would eliminate secondary processed food, red meat, sweets and fried meal and increase intake of nuts, fish and cereals. 83 % of women engage in a movement activity at least 3 times a week. 52 % had come for blood sugar level examination (oGTT) after delivery and another 12 % had their blood sugar level checked during regular medical examination. Nevertheless, many respondents are not regularly monitored anymore. Women with anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes, in the case of which blood sugar level examination (oGTT) detected Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes, consume too much...
|
|
|
Factors influencing the compensation of type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnant women
Dolejšová, Lenka ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
Introduction: The diploma thesis deals with the issue of compensation of type 1 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and its relation to the health of mother and child. It further summarizes and describes the variable factors that may have a direct effect on current glycemic variability and long- term compensation of diabetes. Aims: The theoretical part describes the characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus and the possibilities of therapy in pregnancy. Subsequently, factors influencing the compensation of diabetes in this period are summarized and described in more detail, especially food composition and possibilities of influencing postprandial glycemia, effects of type and intensity of physical activity and psychosocial aspects related mainly to stress from potential negative effects of glycaemia on the fetus. At the end of the theoretical part, the risks and complications for the mother and the fetus arising from long-term unsatisfactory compensation of diabetes are presented. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to determine the extent of women's knowledge about the compensation of diabetes in pregnancy, followed by determining the effect of the extent of knowledge on long-term compensation, expressed by glycated hemoglobin. Methods: Data for the diploma thesis were obtained on the...
|
|
|
Dietary change during pregnancy with and without a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus
Dlouhá, Kristýna ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the subject of women with gestational diabetes. It focuses on changes in the diet and lifestyle of pregnant women with and without diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus. In the theoretical part, the pre-pregnancy diet and the pregnancy diet are gradually analyzed, as the correct composition of the diet proves to be the most effective treatment in most cases of GDM. It also describes the disease GDM and everything related to it - its definition, occurrence, risk factors, mechanism of origin, consequences, diagnosis and treatment. The practical part of the work describes the results of a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire focused on risk factors for the development of GDM in the interviewed women, as well as dietary changes after the diagnosis of GDM, information about healthy lifestyle provided by gynecologists and the role of a nutrition therapist in educating pregnant women about diet. The aim of the study was to determine the eating habits, level of physical activity and lifestyle of the interviewed women with GDM, comparing those to their habits before the diagnosis of GDM, and to discover whether there is a possible connection between the development of the disease and eating habits and lifestyle of women . Besides, it shows how a nutritional therapist...
|
guest ::
RSS feed.