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Archeological researches of medieval malt-houses in Bohemia
Hendrych, Vladimír ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Štefan, Ivo (referee)
This work deals with archaeological evidence of medieval malting process. It outlines the history of beer and malt production, with a focus on the development of brewing in the Czech lands. The text is close insight into technology of malt and beer production and description of premises and equipment required for that. My work decribes so far analyzed archaeological situations that can be interpreted as a remains of manufacturing areas and equipment for the production of malt. Conclusion brings several archaeobotanical findings interpreted as malt. Key words: Middle Ages, malting, brewing, technology, crafts
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The settlement context of the oldest rural sacral architecture.
Mrva, Michal ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Štefan, Ivo (referee)
The settlement context of the oldest rural sacral architecture west of Prague The presented text is primarily summary of recognized sacral structures from before year 1300 in selected area west of Prague. Recorded structures are being described and placed into spatial and historical context. Paper includes analysis of statistically perceivable atributes of these structures. Early middle ages - sacral architecture - rural settlements - matronaea - central Bohemia-west
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The early medieval settlement of Kutná Hora's region with take account to the development of the settlement at the central hill fort Malín and development of the rustic settlement at Bylany
Velímský, Filip ; Charvát, Petr (advisor) ; Klápště, Jan (referee) ; Frolík, Jan (referee)
Tuto práci bylo určitě možno napsat na mnoha místech jinak, zcela jistě lépe a často také více do hloubky. Nepopírám, že řady vytčených cílů bylo dosaženo pouze částečně a některé otázky zůstaly dokonce nezodpovězeny, přesto si ale myslím, že práce jako celek svůj základní účel splnila. Výsledky archeologického výzkumu často svojí nekonkrétností svádí ke spekulaci. V takovém případě jsem se vždy snažil o co možná nejserióznější přístup, který by bral ohled na všechny možné varianty řešení. Jestliže jsem byl nucen formulovat konkrétní závěry, pokoušel jsem se je podat vždy tak, aby bylo zřejmé, jaké důvody mne ke konečnému rozhodnutí vedly. Netvrdím, že výsledky, k nimž jsem při práci dospěl, odrážejí nějakou historickou pravdu a jsou tak jediné možné. Jsem si vědom, že jiný badatel může mít na věc odlišný názor, a budu proto rád za každou věcnou připomínku ke způsobu provedení i výsledkům mého dosavadního výzkumu. Čtenáři se pak dodatečně omlouvám, za všechny případné chyby, které v práci najde, a které padají pouze a jen na mou hlavu.
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Archaeological axcavation on Pražské předměstí in České Budějovice
Eliška, Jan ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Sláma, Jiří (referee)
Cílem této práce původně bylo především zhodnocení celého keramického souboru na základě jeho kompletního kresebného zdokumentování. Vzhledem kjeho rozsahu a také problémům různého charakteru, se toho zatím nepodařílo dosáhnout. Ze souboru čítajícího tisíce položek jsem se tedy prozatím soustředil především na jeho vybrané části: na zlomek tuhové zásobnice s gotickým majuskulním nápisem a na kolekci drobných keramických plastik, jejichž zhodnocení v širších souvislostech představuje největší část této práce. Do detailů jsou zde popsány sondy 4 a 5, v nichž se nalezl největší počet těchto plastik, jakož i zmíněný fragment zásobnice. V sedmi tabulkách je pak zatím pouze pro ilustraci prezentována část profilů okrajů ze zmíněných sond. Dále jsou zde stručně shrnuty dějiny osídlení, historické souvislosti založení královského města Českých Budějovic, údaje týkající se zdejšího předměstí a popis nálezové situace.
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Archaeological Evidence of Pottery from Truhlářská Street in Prague
Volf, Vojtěch ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Žegklitz, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis deals with archaeological evidence of medieval pottery products which were discovered during the emergency archaeological excavation in the area of former Jiřího z Poděbrad barracks on Náměstí Republiky square in Prague. This area is nowadays called Palladium shopping centre. The first part of the thesis deals with real findings. These are construction debris of burning kilns and historical evolution of its construction. The second part of the thesis compares results of excavation with historical datas. The last part of the thesis evaluates the extraordinarily huge file of ceramic artefacts from waste areas, especially defective pieces which complement the picture of medieval pottery production.
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Contributions to the architectonical design and interior fitting of the houses in the early modern villages and liege towns in Bohemia
Kypta, Jan ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Smetánka, Zdeněk (referee) ; Vařeka, Pavel (referee)
The work consists of four chapters dedicated to selected aspects of research in architecture and interior fittings of houses of late medieval and early modern villages and small towns in the 2nd mid-15th in the 16th century. The first chapter deals with the occurrence of late Gothic and Renaissance architectural elements in the estates. It is conceived as a set of model clauses coherent analysis of material and written sources. In the end, there are social groups defined by the acquirers. The second chapter presents a balance of knowledge about the application of late Gothic and Renaissance tiles in the environment of farms and rural parishes. At the forefront are questions about the chronology of this phenomenon, the possibility of reconstruction of heating equipment, the confrontation with the results of research remaining buildings and comparison with a higher social milieu (manor houses). The third chapter presents the results of two-conceived interdisciplinary studies on collective findings of unusual types of tiles in a rural context. The aim of the analysis of written and material sources is an attempt to answer the question whether the tiled stove conveys the social status of the customer. The fourth chapter in the example of mass set of tiles from a small town (Sedlcany) shows the possibilities and...
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Obotrite Proces of State-forming in Central European Dimension (789-1178)
Tomášek, Jan ; Žemlička, Josef (advisor) ; Klápště, Jan (referee)
Key Words Polabian Slavs, Polabian area, Obodrite, Populus, Gens, Nacio, State, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Obotritic confederation tribes Abstract The thesis analyses and interprets the key events in the state-forming process of so-called Obotritic confederation tribes in 789 - 1178. It focuses on the analysis of written sources, which serve as a basis for three models of inter-tribal units in Polabian area. The thesis argues against the traditional evolutionistic point of view, which considers the confederation tribes to be the predecessors of early medieval states. The main focus of the analysis is put on the starting point form which the Obotritic state-forming process originated. The main question is whether the Obodrite, upon their first appearance in written history, were more federation of tribes or one large tribe, whose break-up at the turn of 9th and 10th century started a new phase of the process. For the next period, the thesis introduces unique model of so-called tribal state, created by the combined effects of various factors, such as location, political situation, social changes in 11th and 12th century etc. The inner and outer factors that lead to the break-up of the Obotritic tribe state in 1270s are discussed in the same manner. The last part of the thesis is an analysis of later...
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Background of Medieval House. Archaeological Excavation in Hradec Králové, Malé náměstí, čp. 116-118.
Záveská, Daniela ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Klír, Tomáš (referee)
This paper deals with the material from the fecal cesspit, that was revealed in 1999 during the salvage excavations of the backyards of the houses number 116 - 118 on the Malé náměstí in Hradec Králové. The most common artefacts were kitchen and table pottery, tiles and in a small scale also glass and metal items. Beside these fragments of timber, which originally strengthened the walls of the cesspit, bones of domestic animals and plant macro remains, which giving us the information about the diet of the inhabitants of each house, have been found. The paper is accompanied by a catalogue of finds and the pictorial documentation. The processing of artefacts gave us a lot of information about the material culture and life in this part of medieval Hradec Králové. For more accurate image of the medieval situation the processing of all the material from the excavation is needed.
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Three Polabian Slavs' Confederations of Tribes. Analysis of the development of the Slavic Ethnic Group between Elbe, Oder and Ore Mountains.
Tomášek, Jan ; Žemlička, Josef (advisor) ; Klápště, Jan (referee) ; Izdný, Jakub (referee)
Submitted thesis deals with selected points from the development of the tribal society of the Polabian Slavs in the area called Slavic Polabia, i.e. the area between the Ore Mountains and the Lusatian Mountains in the south, rivers Elbe and Saale in the west, Baltic Sea in the north and river Oder in the east. The thesis is divided into the introduction and four longer chapters; together, they introduce the forms and manners of the medieval tribal society. The introduction defines the aims and methodology of the thesis, while also emphasizing the necessity to observe the diversity of each tribal societies, even in the context of the Slavic Polabia, which was supposed to be a home of the three big tribal societies or tribal confederations. Because of the differencies in the socio-political development of these three tribal confederations, the first chapter introduced its own proposition of periodization of the Polabian Slavs' history. This proposition is not based on the traditional criteria used by the older and contemporary medieval studies relying on the external factors, level of social differentiation or structural changes in the political system. The proposed periodization set a few development phases, which each of the tribal societies either passed or never reached. In its three parts (head,...
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Romanesque Floor Tiles in Bohemia
Fleková, Klára ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Royt, Jan (referee) ; Loskotová, Irena (referee)
The presented work contains several chapters in the field of Romanesque tile studies. After a clear summary of the current understanding of the development of floor treatment in our area from the early to the high Middle Ages, there follows an analysis of the extensive finds of the Ostrov monastery from recent research that took place at the site. In particular, features that are characteristic and clearly unique for Ostrov tiles are addressed. These are mainly evidence of an innovative approach to tile production. In order to be able to discuss such issues at all, the tiles first had to be processed into the form of a catalog, which is included in this thesis. We consider a clear arrangement of the findings as a necessary condition for further discussion on the chronology and significance of the presumed Ostrov production center. The next chapter is devoted to new findings about the oldest relief floor tiles in the Czech Republic, which are the tiles of the Vyšehrad type. Although there has not been a major shift in the scope of the source base recently, some assumptions can still be reformulated. Briefly, these include abandoning the idea of the Vyšehrad type tiles as a homogeneous group defined by a combination of four motifs, as well as an outline of the possibility of its chronological...
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