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Prevention in Primary care with a focus on colorectal cancer screening
Král, Norbert ; Seifert, Bohumil (advisor) ; Lukáš, Milan (referee) ; Matějovská Kubešová, Hana (referee)
Prevention in Primary care with a focus on colorectal cancer screening Introduction: Preventive examinations and screening methods are an integral part of the work of a general practitioner. Primarily are focused on cardiometabolic and oncological diseases that share risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the system of preventive examinations and screening programs for CRCa, and to propose modifications to preventive examinations-with regard to cardiometabolic diseases-that would be in line with current scientific knowledge. Furthermore, to determine the attitude of the Czech population towards preventive examinations and screenings for CRCa, and to analyse the current situation of CRCa screening and identify its major shortcomings. Materials and Methods: The thesis consists of a set of studies. The studies were aimed at the general population, general practitioners, and other primary care professionals. The research took the form of questionnaire surveys distributed among physicians and patients. The Rand/UCLA consensus method, which combines the best available scientific evidence with the collective judgement of a group of experts, was chosen in the search for an appropriate model of preventive examinations. Results: Selective prevention is an effective tool in the prevention of...
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Development of urban planning in selected municipality
KUBEŠOVÁ, Hana
This diploma thesis aims to explore the development of local planning in a specific municipality. To document such development, the municipality of Kamenný Újezd was chosen, as it is located in a very attractive place between the cities of České Budějovice and Český Krumlov. The first section of the thesis defines the landscape and local planning. It also describes the history and legislative framework of local planning, including specific procedures. The second section specifically focuses on Kamenný Újezd municipality and compares its local plans. Finally, two possible changes to the municipal local plan were suggested.
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Anti-platelet effects of citalopram
Richter, Tomáš ; Alušík, Štefan (advisor) ; Jirák, Roman (referee) ; Matějovská Kubešová, Hana (referee)
Introduction Citalopram is a preferred medication used for the treatment of depression and belongs to a group known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). When used on a long-term basis, it leads to a significant decrease of serotonin in thrombocytes. Citalopram-treated patients often display haemorrhagia that is explained by its anti-platelet effect, which is also - more or less - the case for other medications from the SSRI group. Aim of the Thesis The aim of the thesis was to find out: a) Whether citalopram treatment (2 weeks) has influence on the plasma concentration of thromboxane B2; b) Whether there is a relation between the expected decrease of thromboxane B2 levels and the plasma concentration of citalopram. Methods and Patient Population We carried out clinical and laboratory tests on a study population consisting of elderly and polymorbid patients who underwent a 14-day citalopram treatment with daily doses of 20mg. Among other tests, we observed the plasma concentration of thromboxane and citalopram. Out of 160 patients examined, 78 patients were assessed. Results Our study has proved that even a short-term citalopram treatment results to a significant increase in the plasma concentration of thromboxane B2 and the suppression rate of thromboxane B2 correlates with the higher...
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Effect of Clinical Nutrition and Physiotherapy in Acutely ill Geriatric Patients on Morbidity, Mortality and Physical Condition - Prospective Longitudinal Study
Hegerová, Petra ; Sobotka, Luboš (advisor) ; Matějovská Kubešová, Hana (referee) ; Charvát, Jiří (referee)
2. Summary: Effect of clinical nutri on and physiotherapy in acutely ill geriatric pa ents on morbidity, mortality and physical condi on - prospec ve longitudinal study Background and aims: An acute disease with catabolic reac on, decreased food intake and low physical ac vity leads to the muscle mass loss. Deepening of sarcopenia then brings a higher morbidity and mortality in elderly people. The aim of our study was to determine whether an ac ve approach based on early nutri onal therapy and exercise during the acute illness may influence the development of sarcopenia and long-term prognosis of the illness. Methods: There were 200 seniors at the age of over 78 years included in the prospec ve study. They were hospitalized in geriatric department with an acute internal disease, randomized with an envelope method into an interven on group (IG, n=100) and a control group (CG, n=100). The interven on group had nutri on support (600 calories, 20 grams of protein per day) on top of a standard diet and started with an intensive physiotherapy (training with bicycle ergometr twice a day and 15 minutes of physiotherapy twice a day). The control group was treated the usual way. The total follow-up period was 2 years. The tolerance of nutri onal supplements and its effect on the spontaneous food intake were evaluated...
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Possibilities of agricultural land fund protection in the Czech Republic and abroad
KUBEŠOVÁ, Hana
The aim of this bachelor´s thesis was to create a literary research describing the possibilities of the agricultural land resources protection in the Czech Republic and worldwide. At its beginning, this bachelor´s thesis covers basic information on land and continues on to the analysis of the land resources in the Czech Republic as well as worldwide. It further presents the issue of the legislative protection of the land resources. A comprehensive chapter of this thesis concerns the topic of land degradation while mainly focusing on the agricultural land take. An integral part of the thesis is represented by the themes of the agricultural land pricing and a land prices development overview covering different years. It further assesses the protection of the agricultural land resources from different viewpoints. The thesis concludes with an assessment of measures suitable for the protection of the agricultural land resources.
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Effect of Clinical Nutrition and Physiotherapy in Acutely ill Geriatric Patients on Self-sufficiency and Physical Condition - Prospective Longitudinal Study
Dědková, Zuzana ; Sobotka, Luboš (advisor) ; Charvát, Jiří (referee) ; Matějovská Kubešová, Hana (referee)
- Effect of clinical nutrition and physiotherapy in acutely ill geriatric patients on self-sufficiency and physical condition - prospective longitudinal study Background & aims: Acute internal disease of the elderly often leads to loss of muscle mass and self-sufficiency. Reversal of muscle tissue, especially in geriatric patients, is very difficult and thus can an acute illness leads to necessity a second person helping a form of subsequent social care at home or in institutions aftercare. The aim of our study was to determine whether an active approach based on early physiotherapy and nutritional supplementation legs to influence the development of sarcopenia and patient's self- sufficiency during the acute illness. Methods: Two hundred patients, older than 78 years, admitted to geriatric department with acute illness were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Patients were randomized to the control group (standard treatment, n = 100) and the intervention group (n = 100). The intervention consisted of the administration of nutritional supplements (600 kcal, 20 g protein daily) added to the standard diet and simultaneous intensive rehabilitation therapy. Patients were followed-up for 2 years after discharge. The tolerance of nutritional supplements and its effect on the...
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Anti-platelet effects of citalopram
Richter, Tomáš ; Alušík, Štefan (advisor) ; Jirák, Roman (referee) ; Matějovská Kubešová, Hana (referee)
Introduction Citalopram is a preferred medication used for the treatment of depression and belongs to a group known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). When used on a long-term basis, it leads to a significant decrease of serotonin in thrombocytes. Citalopram-treated patients often display haemorrhagia that is explained by its anti-platelet effect, which is also - more or less - the case for other medications from the SSRI group. Aim of the Thesis The aim of the thesis was to find out: a) Whether citalopram treatment (2 weeks) has influence on the plasma concentration of thromboxane B2; b) Whether there is a relation between the expected decrease of thromboxane B2 levels and the plasma concentration of citalopram. Methods and Patient Population We carried out clinical and laboratory tests on a study population consisting of elderly and polymorbid patients who underwent a 14-day citalopram treatment with daily doses of 20mg. Among other tests, we observed the plasma concentration of thromboxane and citalopram. Out of 160 patients examined, 78 patients were assessed. Results Our study has proved that even a short-term citalopram treatment results to a significant increase in the plasma concentration of thromboxane B2 and the suppression rate of thromboxane B2 correlates with the higher...
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Innovative methods of packing meat
KUBEŠOVÁ, Hana
Balená masa tvoří převážnou část expedovaného sortimentu masa ve zpracovatelských závodech v České republice. Cílem práce Inovativní metody balení masa bylo zpracovat literární přehled, v němž bude uveden postup zpracování masa, dále změny v mase po porážce a během skladování, včetně inovativních způsobů jeho spotřebitelského balení, kde jsou detailně popsané způsoby zpracování jednotlivých druhů balení masa.
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Merged Nursing Inpatient Ward from the Perspective of Nurses and Management
KUBEŠOVÁ, Hana
Merged nursing inpatient ward is in the last few years becoming a trend of smaller, but also medium-sized hospitals. Due to the restructuring of beds of acute inpatient care in the Czech Republic, separate inpatient wards are merged to one joint ward, in the context of surgical as well as internal medicine. Merged inpatient ward is a combination of various disciplines (specialisms) of inpatient care under one senior consultant, or there is a common nursing ward, where senior consultants of individual disciplines are retained, while nursing care is merged. The main reason for the establishment of a merged inpatient ward is the optimization of beds and the related effective use of bed capacity in connection with an effort to preserve access to health care. The aim of the thesis Merged Nursing Inpatient Ward from the Perspective of Nurses and Management was to evaluate the contribution of a merged nursing inpatient ward, to identify the reasons for the project and the complications that accompanied the project. This research should analyze the problems in nursing care in connection with the origination of the project, to assess the demands of nursing on the ward and map errors in the field of nursing care in the context of the realization of the project. The thesis should evaluate interdisciplinary collaboration and map the occurrence of conflicts in a multidisciplinary team. During the survey it was found that the main reasons for the project were the financial savings associated with the restructuring of acute care beds in the Czech Republic. The establishment of a merged nursing inpatient ward helped the hospital to keep some expertise and it unified nursing care of the separate wards. In connection with the establishment of a joint nursing care, some complications and disadvantages that accompanied the project initially were analyzed. The survey showed how sensitively employees responded to the major change in the organization and how the cooperation between superiors and subordinates functioned. The study analyzed in what form the selection of employees for a common bed fund was realized and whether managers themselves could choose subordinates for their departments. One part of the research was the evaluation of the quality of nursing care on the merged inpatient ward, which showed that the establishment of the project did not have a negative impact on the quality of nursing care. In contrast, nursing care was united and there was also unified organization of nursing on the ward. The research evaluated the feedback from the subordinates to the top managers which was implemented through meetings and sessions. The survey refers to the greater workload on nurses in the working process on the merged ward. The origin of the project had an impact on the creation of new multidisciplinary teams and interdisciplinary collaboration. The project of a joint nursing inpatient ward was realized that the hospital can continue to provide quality health services to all patients. Research has shown that although the project had certain disadvantages and complications, it was certainly beneficial for the organization. The conclusions of the thesis may be presented in seminars, conferences and may be offered to professional journals for publication. The results of the research can help organizations that are going to realize the project of merged nursing inpatient ward.
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