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Candida albicans: Regulace genové exprese - funkce CEK 1
Procházková, Eva ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Buchta, Vladimír (referee)
5 Abstract Eva Procházková Candida albicans: Regulation of gene expression - function of CEK1 Degree paper Charles university in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy Hradci Králové Farmacie Background This work is is aimed on CEK1 gene in C. albicans and its regulation related to the promotor of this gene and the influence of sterile vegetative growth pathway on gene expression of this mitogen - activated protein kinase. Methods Common methods of genetic manipulation with biological material and immunoblot assays with different antibodies were used for constructinon of C.albicans mutants and their detection. Luciferase assay, the luminescence method, was used for gene expression measuring. Results CEK1 expression seems to be a key element during the filament growth of C. albicans, the most invasive form of this organism. This research is based on construction of C.albicans mutants containing area of Cek1 expression. Mutants containing deletion of different genes involved in MAPK cascade were exposed to various stress factors like tunicamycine or temperatrure. The effect of those mutations on CEK1 expression was observed. Conclusions Used CEK1 promotors allow the expression of the gene and the mutations used in the work cause differences in intensity of gene expression according to the time.
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Cytokine interactions of epithelial cells.
Handlovičová, Andrea ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Vopršalová, Marie (referee)
The airway epithelial cells is strategically positioned at the interface with environtment, and thus plays a key role in host defence system. Epithelial cells do not provide only a mechanical barrier against the influence of potentially harmfull substances, but these cells are metabolic very active with an extensive secretory activity. Epithelial cells generate a large number of cytokines, especially chemokines (eg. IL-8, TSLP, RANTES), antimicrobial peptides in response to variety of stimuli eg. lipopolysacharide. Epithelial cells are involved in the balance of Th1/Th2/Th17 cells. Another relevance of epithelial cell is, that they amplify inflammatory processes and activity of effectory cells by inflammatory cytokines. Substantial new evidence indicates an importace of epithelial cells in their direction of recruitment immunity cells to the site of damage and they are involved in the reparation processes. Disorder of these cytokine regulations can be implicated in the development of diverse lung diseases such as eg. asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hence this field is intensively studying, so that could be find new targets of possible therapeutic interventions.
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Antimicrobial Additives and their use in top Coating Paint
Čechová, Petra ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Petra Čechová Consultant: PharmDr. Petr Jílek, Csc. Title of Thesis: Antimicrobial additives and their use in top coating paint. Background: Evaluation of efficacy in antimicrobial photocatalytic paint designed by Synpo a.s. Pardubice Company (AMAc-1, AMAc-2, AMAc-3, AMAc-4, AMAc-5); Composition of paint unknown (we only known that paint include photocatalytic additives); Pathogen bacterial strains: E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa. Methods: Contact of microbes with antimicrobial photocatalytic paint: pre-activated with UVA-light, activated with UVA-light at the same time, non-activated with UVA-light. Main findings: Graphs show how number of CFU microbes is changing in time; Definition of efficacy (-k): negative value of tangent of line linear regression. Conclusions: Confirmation of hypothesis: grow of efficacy of antimicrobial photocatalytic paint after exposition UVA-light; Influence on fall of number microbial CFU of strain E. coli; Significant after UVA irradiation (activation); S. aureus: fluctuating of results, all the same definite fall of bacterial CFU after activation UVA-light; Most resistant to efficacy of antimicrobial paint was P. aeruginosa; Influence of...
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Vaccination in children
Truhlářová, Petra ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
Author: Petra Truhlarova Name: Vaccination in childhood Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Field of study: medical laboratory technician Background: One of the most important goals of my thesis is to point out a current lack of information on vaccination of our population. This fact stems from unawareness of a significant progress achieved in the field of immunology in recent decades. Main findings: My bachelor thesis deals with vaccination in an early childhood. I tried to create an overview of compulsory as well as voluntary vaccination in certain periods of childhood and I also mention immunological aspects of vaccination. I briefly characterize selected contagious diseases and I present options of their prevention by utilizing vaccination. Furthermore, I present some child practitioners' opinions of vaccination as such. The thesis provides a general overview and comparison of history of vaccination in the Czech Republic and in the world in general. Conclusions: The greatest benefit of vaccination lies in a creation of a vaccination scheduler for compulsory and above-standard vaccination, further focus on the opponents of vaccination, an effort to explain the principles of vaccination, the issue of the immune system response to vaccination, a combined vaccine application etc.
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Antibodies against deamidated gliadin as new diagnostic indicator in group of patients with celiac disease
Výtisková, Renata ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Drahošová, Marcela (referee)
Renata Výtisková, Bc. Antibodies reacting with deamidated gliadin as a new diagnostic biomarker in pa- tients with celiac sprue Diploma Thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Healthcare Bioanalytics This thesis is aiming the laboratory diagnosis of celiac sprue to determine the sensi- tivity and the specificity of individual laboratory tests. The sensitivity and specificity of a recently introduced determination of antibodies against deamidated gliadin in comparison with classical determination of antibodies against native gliadin were compared. The aim of this thesis also focuses on new diagnostic marker, antibodies against deamidated glia- din and its comparison to antibodies against native gliadin. Together 82 patients were enrolled in to this study. The inclusion criterion was at least one positive result in the presence of specific antibodies for celiac sprue. To deter- mine anti-tTG IgA, anti-DGP, and anti-gliadin IgA and IgG antibodies, ELISA tests were used. Anti-endomysial antibodies were tested by immunofluorescence. The statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) were found comparing values of anti-tTG IgA and anti-DGP IgA antibodies in context of positivity of histological examina- tion of biopsy samples of gut mucosa. We found the cut-off level...
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Autovaccines
Bureš, Martin ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Krčmová, Irena (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medicine Sciences Candidate: Martin Bureš Supervisor: PharmDr.Petr Jílek,CSc., MUDr. Eva Budayová Title of diploma thesis: Autovaccine In 2012, 108 years have passed since the first use autovaccines. This therapy is mainly used to treat chronic allergic response to antigenic substances batteries. The methodology that is used to prepare: Příprava mikrobiálního antigenního komplexu k diagnostice a léčbě infekčně alergických onemocnění (Maršálek, 1971) a Návrh na štandartné metódy prípravy bakteriových imunomudulačných "stock" vakcín team of authors, 1991) The theoretical part is described the production process of autovaccines in detail, skin test and administration of autovaccines. The content of this work is also a statistical evaluation of a set of samples sent to the department vaccines Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology University Hospital in during the years 2009, 2010 and 2011. This is detected the distribution of patients by age, gender, forms of administration, and given the diagnosis of pathogenic strains of bacteria.
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Evaluation of the Activity of Potentional Antimicrobial Substances Through the use of Microdilution Broth Method
Székelyová, Anita ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Mgr. Anita Székelyová Evaluation of the activity of potentional antimicrobial substances through the use of microdilution broth method Rigorous thesis Charles university in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové The aim of this thesis was to assess the antimicrobial activity of 63 substances prepared at the Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control, Pharmaceutical Faculty of the Charles University in Hradec Králové. The substances were tested through the microdilution broth method at eight strains of bacteria and pathogenic fungi at the same time. The tested strains consisted of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including highly resistant nosocomial pathogens, as well as yeasts and filamentous fungi. The tested substances were divided into seven groups according to their structural characteristics. The highest antibacterial activity was shown by the derivatives of 2-(5- carboxypentyl)isoquinolinium-bromide and 1-(5-carboxypenthyl)pyridinium-bromide, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. They also had intermediate acitivity against yeasts. The highest antimycotic activity was observed with the derivatives of 2- hydroxythiobenzamide against Absidia corymbifera and with the substance WK-4 from the group of...
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Vulvovaginal dyscomfort - causal factors
Leierová, Vanda ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Kestřánek, Jan (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze - Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Diplomová práce Vanda Leierová Vulvovovaginální dyskomfort - příčinné faktory Abstract This thesis deals with causal factors of vulvovaginal dyscomfort, respec- tively its repeated subset, recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. However, VVD isn't life-threatening disease, it can substantially decrease the quality of life. Together with prenatal care, VVD is one of the most frequent cause of visiting gynecologist in sexually active women. BACKGROUND: RVVC is defined by at least tree confirmed attacks within one year, respectively at least four confirmed attacks within life. It is considered to be one of the most common vaginal infections. Approximately two thirds of women suffer from vulvovaginal candidiasis at least once in a lifetime. By 50% of woman patients, subsequent episode appears from 3 days to 3 months after last treat- ment. Causal factors haven't been verifiably clarified yet. The objective is to evaluate questionnaire survey's data, find associations between life-style and having RVVD and summarize all the knowledge about causal factors of RVVC, respectively RVVD. A total of 71 women were enrolled. Vulvovaginal dyscomfort was clinically and laboratory identified in 39 women, the rest 32 women deny symptoms of RVVC and were used as...
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Possibilities of Cell Mediated Immunity Examination in Infertile Women
Červenková, Barbora ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Řezáčová, Vladimíra (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Bc. Barbora Červenková Supervisor: Mgr. Karolína Jankovičová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Possibilities of Cell Mediated Immunity Examination in Infertile Women Laboratory diagnostics in reproduction immunology has fast progressed during the last years. This work is focused on influence of various factors on cell mediated immunity, because immunological reasons of infertility and recurrent spontaneous abortions are one of the most often. It evaluates infulence of presence of antibodies, clinical data and partner's ejaculate quality on cells mediated immunity of examined women. It also compares two diagnostics procedures to evaluate cells immunity, the long-term migration-inhibition leukocytes test under agarosis with sperm's and trophoblast's antigens and the later NK cells activation test with sperm's and trophoblast's antigens analysed by flow cytometry. NK cells play an important role in etiology of recurrent spontaneous abortions, and that is why we observe their activation level. By the evaluated set of 305 infertile women,who were examined between years 2009 and 2011 in the Clinical Immunology and alergology department of the Hradec Králové's Faculty Hospital, has been...
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