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Heroes of Silent Resistance: The Poetics of Passivity in Modern Literature
Koudelková Jesenská, Lucie ; Jirsa, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
This thesis is concerned with the phenomenon of passivity in literature, particularly with how it manifests itself through actions, stagnation and means of existence of chosen literary characters and subjects. It concentrates on such figures that are inactive or apathetic, whose actions lack the clearly articulated meaning and purpose and it often seems that they vegetate rather than live an active life. The main theme is the relationship between passivity and activity and turning the passivity into a creative principle. The thesis applies the performative theory on the literary text and sees passivity of the literary characters or subjects as a means of their art performance which offers new interpretations of examining texts and the passivity in general. Methodologically the thesis is based especially on the performative theory of Erika Fischer-Lichte, but also on the anthropological research of transition rituals, theoretical concepts of mediality, John Austin's speech-act theory or on selected philosophical thesis of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and post-structuralist philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and Jacques Derrida. As primary texts for the analysis serve the short story The Overcoat (Шинель, 1842) by Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol, the novella Bartleby, the Scrivener (1853) by Herman Melville, The Book...
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Prague in views in literary works of post-february exile authors
Kaprálová, Klára ; Češka, Jakub (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT This dissertation is focused on Prague in views in literary works of post-february exile authors, which emigrated after year 1948: Egon Hostovský, Zdeněk Němeček and Jiří Kovtun. The picture of Prague, which we can (re)construct from their works, is different in each case. In the novel Nezvěstný of Egon Hostovský dominate followings motives: gray, weak contours, theatricality, panoptic and a metaphorical description of February Prague. The main features of the works of Zdeněk Nemeček are: close relationship between teller and main character, short dialogs, view from above, sad feelings and feeling of separation. Konvtun's work named Pražská ekloga is specific with irony (it is evidently a product of considerable time span from the other described events), naturalistic features and war atmosphere. The authors associate a considerable relationship to Prague and their contributions to the programme "Slovo a svět" of the Radio Free Europe, in spite of their different life stories and poetics. The main theoretic result of the diploma is city poetology of Daniela Hodrová ("Citlivé město"). Interpretive interest isn't limited only to the mentioned literary works, in the diploma are also considered data from the periodic newspapers and other professional literature. The objective of the...
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Between Literature and Photography. Reading of (Empty) Places in the Works of G. Rodenbach, W.G. Sebald and P. Král
Sechovcová, Monika ; Hrdlička, Josef (advisor) ; Vojvodík, Josef (referee)
The thesis examines the relationship between (photographic) image and text in two novels accompanied by photographs: Georges Rodenbach's Bruges-la-Morte and The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald. As in the essence of photographic image lies the question of its relation to reality, we decided to make from the theme of relation between reality and fiction, which differs according the type of representation, our central theme. The thesis is also concerned with the themes of passing, mourning and order, which connect examined novels. Our interpretation is based mainly on Roland Barthes' theoretical text Le message photographique in which he defines various types of photographic connotation that we search in analyzed phototexts. Concerning the partial theme of connection between photograph and death we base our analysis on Barthes' Camera Lucida, than we proceed mainly from the essays of the collection Co je to fotografie which concern with photographic pose (Thierry de Duve), photograph and remembering (André Bazin), photograph and mirror (Craig Owens).
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Tale of Kiều and its source
Komárek, Jan ; Král, Oldřich (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
Diplomová práce, Bc. Jan Komárek Abstract This thesis is a comparison of two literary works: on the one hand, nearly forgotten anonymous novel Jin, Yun Qiao Story (金雲翹傳), which was written in China at the turn of XVII and XVIII century, and, on the other hand, of a famous novel in verse called The Tale of Kiều (Truyện Kiều), composed a century later by a Vietnamese poet Nguyễn Du on the basis of the aforenamed work. The primary aim of this thesis is to point to the literary elements by means of which Nguyễn Du enriched his work in comparison to the original, and thus offer an explanation of why each of these works met such a different fate. For illustration, translations of the first chapter of the Chinese novel and of a corresponding part of the Vietnamese poem are presented. The two works are then set in the literary context of their time and Nguyễn Du's relationship to the Chinese novel is assessed on the basis of his other works and related contemporary sources. Subsequently, there is a brief outline of history of the comparison between the two works by Vietnamese and by some foreign scholars. Finally, both texts are subjected to a comparison by means of statistics, examples and references to the translated excerpts presented at the beginning of the thesis. The comparison respects the differences in the...
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Images of Cities in Literature
Baštová, Kristýna ; Hrdlička, Josef (advisor) ; Hrbata, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to look at the issue of the modern big city from the second half of the nineteenth century, when the knowledge of this new phenomenon began to form, to approximately first half of the twentieth century. The process of the development of the big city shall be studied by comparing two diverse urban areas: Prague and Paris. We shall focus mainly on two authors - Charles Baudelaire in the context of Paris, and Richard Weiner linking both Prague and Paris context in his work. The analysis of both authors shall be approached using scientific literature on literary image of the city. The city shall be looked as an ambivalent area that forms the existence of a modern human being fundamentally and that produces an entirely new type of experience and interpersonal relationships that need to be artistically expressed in a new way.
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The Transformation of Reality by Text
Hankiewicz, Jakub ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
This thesis presents transformation as the key principle of production, as well as reception of a literary text. As far as production is concerned, the thesis takes off from the passing nature of any moment, any element of reality, and it perceives a literary text as a way to save and conserve that element. It is obvious that should the given element of the physical reality - perishable in its true character - survive in a text, it needs to undergo a change, a transformation: what needs to change in order for it to survive? By analyzing authors who discuss this nature of the text in their works, the thesis comes to understanding the production of a text as a discovery of such an environment within the text, which would allow the element of reality to be conserved. As far as reception is concerned, the thesis studies the influence a literary text has on our experience of reality. The problem is not only tackled as a perception of the world via a certain literary work, which was for example the case with the literary characters of Don Quixote or Madame Bovary, but the thesis tries to describe the deep transformation of our perception of reality caused by a poetic outlook on elements of the real world.
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Poetic Spaces of Memory (on Chosen Czech Poets of the Second Half of the 20th Century)
Flanderka, Jakub ; Trávníček, Jiří (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee) ; Málková, Iva (referee)
Poetic Spaces of Memory (on Chosen Czech Poets of the Second Half of the 20th Century) Abstract The dissertation Poetic Spaces of Memory (on Chosen Czech Poets of the Second Half of the 20th Century) offers interpretations of six Czech poetic works of the second half of the 20th century, with focus on the perspective of cultural memory. Chosen poetic works represent synecdoches of poetic description of (general) historical events and experience that are connected with the time during the World War II (the Nazi regime) and with communist regime after 1948 and to some extent are connected with spatial dimension - be it poetic reflection of space which is modelled on a phenomenon from real, "topical" world, be it (completely) imaginary description of space. Methodology of this dissertation is based on the concept of cultural memory by Aleida Assmann, particularly as presented in her book Cultural Memory and Western Civilization. Functions, Media, Archives. Individual chapters of the dissertation deal with interpretations of following poetic works: "Návrat" by Vladimír Holan is a poetic story that develops the topos of coming back - coming back home, to a space that the lyrical narrator enters after twenty years in order to look for his mother's grave in local graveyard; he fails. A verse book Dům Strach by Jan...
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Motives of fire and blood in Bohuslav Reynek's Thirsts and in Pierre Jean Jouve's Les Noces
Raušerová, Andrea ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
AN ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE This diploma thesis regards poems of Bohuslav Reynek and Pierre Jean Jouve with a prism of fire and blood motives. The analysis is focused on their early works, i.e. on Bohuslav Reynek's Thirsts and Pierre Jean Jouve's Les Noces. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts, the theoretical and the practical ones. The theoretical part gives the view into problematics of blood and fire motives. It is encouraged with several theories, such as literary (Bachelard), psychoanalytic (Jung) and theological (Spidlik). The second chapter of theoretical part sums up already existing perception of the analysed texts, with the main focal point on the motives. This aim fulfils either Med's and Putna's interpretations of Reynek or Pic's and Kelly's interpretations of Jouve. The main part of the diploma thesis is then seen in the analysis of motives itself. The author of the diploma thesis searches for different representations of these motives, e.g. flaming tongues of fire (the symbol of the Holy Spirit), a pierced heart of Jesus Christ and Virgin Mary equally as their mixing, such as flaming heart, bloody sun etc. In the results of this diploma thesis there is summarised the analysis of these topoi - fire and blood and their different realisations in each work of the poets. Their attitude...
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The eye of a poet: Antique figures in the work of Jean Cocteau
Wittlichová, Julie ; Jirsa, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the instances of the figures of mythology of the antiquity in the works of Jean Cocteau and their application. It focuses on the character of Narcissus, which is examined in connection to Oedipus and Orpheus, while concentrating mainly on the topic of mirroring and the related motives of the eye and sight. This mirroring is then not examined only on the level of an aesthetic object, but also in relation to the recipient and in mutual interferences between various media. The thesis is methodologically based on selected philosophical theses by Maurice Merlau-Ponty and the theoretical concepts of Pierre Brunel, Mieke Bal and Mary Ann Caws. Within the works of Jean Cocteau the thesis is primarily concerned with the analysis of the novels The Holy Terrors (Les Enfants Terribles), Le Livre Blanc and their illustrations, the poem "Tombeau de Narcisse", the play La Machine infernale and the films Blood of a Poet, Orpheus and The Testament of Orpheus.
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