|
|
The effect of locus of control on learning foreign languages: with a special focus on chronic beginners
Jarošová, Miroslava ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Slaměník, Ivan (advisor)
Předkládaná práce se zabývala vlivem jáského systému na oblast dalšího vzdělávání dospělých, konkrétně na problematiku věčného začátečnictví ve studiu anglického jazyka. Některým studentům se v rámci studia cizího jazyka nedaří postoupit dále než do fáze mírně pokročilého začátečníka. V určitém momentu studia (obvykle při probírání minulého času) své snažení vzdají a kurz přeruší, přičemž po čase změní názor a nastoupí do jiného kurzu začátečníků, a celý cyklus se opakuje. Smyslem diplomové práce bylo prozkoumat možné vlivy jáského systému na věčné začátečnictví a v empirické části ověřit platnost stanovených předpokladů. V rámci teoretické části byl jáský systém koncepčně rozdělen na já jako subjekt duševní činnosti a na já jako objekt duševní činnosti. Přestože obě části fungují jako neoddělitelný, vzájemně se ovlivňující celek, umožnilo takové rozdělení zabývat se podrobně jednotlivými funkcemi přiřazenými činnému a empirickému já.
|
|
|
Perception of anxiety by infants
Zradičková Šafránková, Karla ; Mertin, Václav (referee) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor)
Feelings of fear inevitably belong to our lives - they accompany us from birth up to death. Although fear is generally perceived highly negatively, it is a human's helpful companion, and an utterly natural phenomenon. This thesis deals with description of principles of fear perception of pre-school children and strategies of coping with situations, in which these children have to face their fears. In particular we observe what are today's pre-school children afraid of, and what are the strategies which help to successfully cope with their fears based on. This thesis consists of two sections. In the theoretical section, we aim to define the concepts of fear and of the closely related anxiety. We also deal with concepts of this emotion according to various psychological schools, and we describe the relation of fear emotion to individual ontogeny. We as well briefly mention regulation of emotions and coping strategies. In the empirical section, we analyze results of employed methods, and find mutual relations between them. For the purpose of accomplishment of the above mentioned objectives, we have developed a group program, consisting of several consecutive tasks. The program comprises of a short semi-structured interview, the "group thermometer" method, drawing on designated subject matter and "group...
|
|
|
Coaching of athletes. A probe to using Grid method
Němečková, Zuzana ; Morgensternová, Monika (referee) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor)
This thesis deals with the coaches' leadership styles. The theoretical part is focused on factors which influence cooperation between a coach and an athlete and it also outlines some of the well-known leadership theories. It analyzes the Leadership Grid® theory, because the questionnaire based on this theory is applied in the empirical part. The second empirical part applies both qualitative and quantitative methods. The aim of the study is to show how the particular leadership styles are exhibited in the sport domain and which style is the most frequent among coaches. In addition, various aspects are taken into account: type of sport, gender differences, differences of the leadership styles between successful and unsuccessful coaches and between managers and coaches. It can be concluded that there are statistically significant differences among different kinds of sport and between the leadership styles of managers and coaches. The most frequent style seems to be the 9,9 leadership style. Last but not least it was stressed that the leadership style is not the only factor affecting the leadership of a particular athlete.
|
|
|
Current attitude of adolescents towards motherhood and parenthood
Boučková, Jitka ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
knowledge on current attitudes of adolescent population towards motherhood and parenthood as it is, from my point of view, a very current and interesting topic. The theoretical part is focused in details on the evolutionary period of adolescence and its basic characteristics. The paper concentrates mainly on the socialization and influences that affect the formation of the personality and attitudes of an individual during the evolutionary process. I also paid attention to the general issue of creation and change of attitudes. I focused on the family, its function and importance for the development of the individual and on motherhood and parenthood, its biological and psychological aspects. The aim of my work was to monitor the current attitudes of adolescents towards motherhood and parenthood and point out factors that contribute to the formation of these attitudes. I focused on finding possible dependence between the attitude towards motherhood and parenthood and gender, the prevailing educational method in the family and different family backgrounds (complete, incomplete and integrated family).
|
|
|
Analysis of children's playing with their mother and father
Plešková, Lucie ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee)
This rigorous thesis goes from my diploma thesis and its a part of the grant task n.406/01/220 of the Grant agency of the Czech republic. The grant task is focused on the specifics of early interactions of young child with the members of their family. The solver of the grant task is Doc. PhDr. Lenka ulová, CSc. The theoretical part of the work is devided into five main chapters. The first one is focused on the role of mother in childs development. The second one is oriented to the role of father. In the third chapter is closely analyse childs play up to age of three. The fourth chapter is focused on the specifics of mother-infant play, the fifth one is dedicated to the specifics of father-infant play. The research presented in the empirical part consists in the analysis of recorded play interactions of 1,2 and 3 years old childern with their mothers and fathers, that were taken in their homes with the standardized set of toys. The results were analysed by the programme V.I.P. into several categories (look, vokalisation, smile, manipulation with toys, motorical activity, physical contact). There were observed differences between mother-infant and father-infant play with a view to the sex of the child too. The results are presented for each child separately, for 1,2 and 3 years old childern, for the whole...
|
|
|
Development of language acquisition
Votavová, Klára ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
Vývoj osvojování jazyka, tak zní název této diplomové práce. Prošli jsme si jím od úplného počátku a těžiště práce jsme našli v lexikálním vývoji, fascinující oblasti, která nás přibližuje k dětskému pojetí světa. K vývoji významů a pojmů, které se postupně spojují se slovy v řeči a dávají vzniknout tak spletité síti neomezených možností, jakou pro nás může vytvořit jen vlastní mateřský jazyk. V teoretické části jsme se zabývali principy osvojování slovní zásoby, hledali první známky slov a sledovali náhlý start nesmírně rychlého učení nových významů během období slovní exploze. Zastavili jsme se i u prvních vět, které tolik vypovídají o jedinečné dětské tvořivosti. Ještě před tím jsme se podrobněji věnovali rozličným metodám, které výzkum těchto jevů umožňují a teoretickým východiskům, které naše poznatky uspořádávají a ukotvují. Byli jsme svědky prelexikálního vývoje dětí a jejich sofistikovaných metod, kterými neustále analyzují řeč svých blízkých. Empirickou část jsme věnovali projektu adaptace lexikální části dotazníku CDI do českého jazyka. Dotazníku, který nám snad v budoucnu umožní doplňování a rozvíjení poznatků, kterými jsme se zabývali kapitolách části teoretické. V rámci analýzy dotazníku jsme učinili "položkový úklid" a pročistili první verzi od zbytečných slov. Sledovali jsme růst a vývoj...
|
|
|
The forms of parents appraisal and their influence on self-efficacy of preschool child
Müllerová, Lucie ; Mertin, Václav (referee) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor)
The theoretical part of the thesis deals at first with the theoretical principles of self-efficacy. The subsequent part treats of the developmental characteristics of preschool stage with a view to connection with the parents appraisal. The final part aims at appraisal, in term of general approach to the child, in term of rewards and punishments and in term of the appraisal as a formalizing agent in the formation of the basics of self-efficacy. The empirical part presents a research on forms of mothers appraisal on children accomplishments and failures while performing a specific task. The quantitative analysis traces appearance of forms of appraisal and their influence on child selfefficacy. The qualitative part is focusing especially on mothers non-appraising reactions on children while performing a specific task.
|
|
|
Influence of liberty in upbringing on self-efficacy at preschool children
Berthótyová, Júlia ; Šírová, Eva (referee) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor)
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the influence of liberty in upbringing on self-efficacy and resilience at preschool children. The theoretical part introduces the general grounds of the theme - resilience. Basic terms are also defined. The following chapter (chapter one) presents selected theoretical concepts of resilience, actual researches and related characteristics of personality. The second chapter exposes the concept of self-efficacy created by Albert Bandura. In this construct some of the elements presented in the previous chapter are associated. It is also well applicable to upbringing practices. The concept of self-efficacy has been chosen to serve as a theoretical framework of this paper. Third chapter deals with selected topics of upbringing such as demands, styles, trends and liberty in upbringing. It is focused on how various upbringing actions can raise the self-efficacy and resilience. The empirical part maps over the background in kindergartens by means of both quantitative and qualitative research. The aim is to define which opportunities of increasing self-efficacy are provided in kindergartens, in comparison to the family milieu. We are interested in degree of liberty given in kindergartens and in families.
|
|
|
Psychosocial adaptation of people growing up in individual foster care
Homolka, Michal ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
Rigorous work was created as a partial project of longitudinal study "Protection of mental health of persons exposed to provable psychosocial risk in the childhood.u (IGA MZ ČR č.NF 55 79-3). The theme of rigorous work was psychosocial adaptation of 46 persons growed up in individua! foster care. In theoretical part I presented concept of resiliency that deals with conditions of successfull adaptation despite life risks. Theme of resiliency was filled in related concepts and put into relation with concept of risk and theory of deprivation. Extensively I presented three representative original concepts of resiliency. The problem of individua! foster care I put into context with characteristics of family and substitute family care. In practical part I described actual psychosocial adaptation of whole research group, differences between men and women and I compared two groups divided according to score of social adaptation researched in previous study in 1991-1994. I had to follow methodological procedure of whole research, but in spite of that I attempted to get information that testified existence of specific resiliencies althougt I could not prove their causality. From the results followed, that it is very homogenous and highly socially adaptated group representing unique chance to study resiliency....
|
|
|
The process of constructing social status during transition to new classroom
Brožová, Martina ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The aim of the research was to describe and understand the process of constructing social status during transition from elementary school to high school. The theoretical part focuses on the classroom as a social group, there is described the social structure of the classroom, as well as the most common roles and sociometric positions that occur in the classroom. There are also discussed relevant topics about adolescence and possible ways for exploring social relations within the classroom. In the empirical part I present a qualitative research, in which have been involved five high schools from Prague and its surroundings, N= 104 students. For this purpose two questionnaires were used - sociometric rating questionnaire SORAD and questionnaire mapping experience of the individuals in interpersonal relationships and their satisfaction with the change of the school community. Based on data analysis and interpretive methods, I conclude that social status is constructed in the earliest interactions between members and there is only a little variability. Social status is made up of two categories - relational skill, which is expressed by popularity, and social force, that is expressed by the ratio of power in the group. Competence complements these two categories, this is a specific skill and it's...
|
guest ::
