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Hašek's "Švejk" in German
Hartmann, Zdeněk ; Veselá, Gabriela (advisor) ; Žárská, Monika (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to chart the changes in the interpretation of Jaroslav Hašek's Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka za světové války (The Good Soldier Švejk and His Fortunes in the World War) within Czech and (linguistically) German cultures, and to evaluate the German translation of this novel within the context of these changes. The theoretical framework for the assessment of the translation is provided by the pragmatist (pragmatic) theory of language as presented in the works of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Donald Davidson and Richard Rorty, and by the pragmatic theory of translation proposed by Hans Vermeer and Katharina Reiss. At the heart of these theories are (1) the premise that language as a whole relates to the whole of the world and (2) the emphasis on social interaction in language. The quality of translation is assessed according to the translation's successful fulfilment of the aim set by the initiator (client). The first part of the thesis summarises the interpretations of the novel throughout Czech culture. The main character of the novel, Good Soldier Švejk, has been held to embody the typical qualities of the Czech people, so the interpretation of the novel has always been tied to the political convictions of the interpreter. Over time, the novel's various interpretations in Czech culture settled...
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Controversy over the nature of capital
Hartmann, Zdeněk ; Vlček, Josef (advisor) ; Skovajsa, Marek (referee)
This thesis attempts to provide a brief summary of phase one of the Cambridge Capital Controversies and then analyse its treatment in the economic journal Politická ekonomie in state-socialist Czechoslovakia between 1953 and 1970. Neoclassical economics seems to have penetrated the (nominally Marxist) journal, through the mathematical apparatus used in linear programming and the methods applied by some economists in friendly socialist countries (Poland and the USSR), in the connection with political easing and the need to address practical problems in the Czechoslovak economy in the 1960s. In this context there appeared articles on growth theory, the first papers using the aggregate production function and also the first critical reflections on this tool (including summaries of Joan Robinson's growth theory, the translation of an essay written by Robinson herself and a detailed analysis of the consequences of the Cambridge Capital Controversies penned by Antonín Kotulan). Czechoslovak economists in the second half of the 1960s seem to have been very well aware of the developments in Western economics as well as of the problematic assumptions of neoclassical value theory. However, they tended to ignore the problems associated with neoclassical theory, as they appear to have perceived it as providing...
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Modality in Chinese Political Discourse: The Case of Speeches at the National Congress of the Communist Party of China (1946-2017)
Hartmann, Zdeněk ; Škrabal, Ondřej (advisor) ; Zádrapa, Lukáš (referee)
This paper provides a quantitative analysis of modality in the Reports on the Work of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng Zhōngyāng Wěiyuánhuì De Gōngzuò Bàogào) from 1945 to 2017 presented at the Party's national congresses. I operationalize modality as modal verbs and, following F. R. Palmer and Péng Lìzhén, chiefly focus on its three main functions (epistemic, deontic and dynamic). I interpret the predominance of deontic modality and the increase in its share over time in the context of Wú Guóguáng's argument about the Congress being a theatre through which power is legitimized, arguing that this reflects a gradual abandoning of charismatic ideology and a deepening institutionalization and identifying changes in editorial teams and the way texts are processed, which tend to accompany power shifts within the party, as the mechanism through which politics affects language.
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The Idea of "The Chosen Nation" in Late Middle Ages
Hartmann, Zdeněk ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Pavel (referee)
This thesis examines the thought of Joan of Arc for categories of identity paving the way to modern nationalism. The underlying model for this undertaking is Ernst Kantorowicz's theory of the increasing depersonalization or abstractness of power. With this model as a guide, this thesis proposes a set of categories of identity on which the process of change put forward by Kantorowicz can be tracked. The thesis then classifies, against this backdrop, the individual categories as either progressive, i. e. abstract, or concrete, i. e. dependent on the older ideas of power and kingship, arguing that the concrete categories may be associated with the principles of popular mentality as described by Aron Gurevich. It turns out, however, that clear-cut criteria distinguishing concrete and abstract categories are difficult to establish and, at the end of the day, we have to settle for a simplifying and not entirely satisfactory classification. The analytical part of the thesis then examines what instances of categories of identity can be found in the minutes of the interrogation of Joan of Arc. The overwhelming majority of these categories of identity, it turns out, fall under the 'concrete' label. Such a result seems to correspond very well with the Gurevichian idea of difference, although by no means an absolute...
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Hašek's "Švejk" in German
Hartmann, Zdeněk ; Žárská, Monika (referee) ; Veselá, Gabriela (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to chart the changes in the interpretation of Jaroslav Hašek's Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka za světové války (The Good Soldier Švejk and His Fortunes in the World War) within Czech and (linguistically) German cultures, and to evaluate the German translation of this novel within the context of these changes. The theoretical framework for the assessment of the translation is provided by the pragmatist (pragmatic) theory of language as presented in the works of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Donald Davidson and Richard Rorty, and by the pragmatic theory of translation proposed by Hans Vermeer and Katharina Reiss. At the heart of these theories are (1) the premise that language as a whole relates to the whole of the world and (2) the emphasis on social interaction in language. The quality of translation is assessed according to the translation's successful fulfilment of the aim set by the initiator (client). The first part of the thesis summarises the interpretations of the novel throughout Czech culture. The main character of the novel, Good Soldier Švejk, has been held to embody the typical qualities of the Czech people, so the interpretation of the novel has always been tied to the political convictions of the interpreter. Over time, the novel's various interpretations in Czech culture settled...
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