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Teaching Activities for the Second Degree of Elementary School on the Topic of Common Pheasant
Lasáková, Tereza ; Andreska, Jan (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
This thesis focuses on the topic of pheasants, exploring the evolution and change of people's opinions on them between the years 1926 and 1960. The journal StraZ myslivosti, which was later renamed to Myslivost, served as the main source of reference for these opinions. Individual articles taken from the periodical are introduced accordingly. These articles mainly discuss the breeding and hunting of the bird, but they also shed light on the research and further studies that were important for its popularization in the Czech Republic. We can say that the popularization was quite successful based on the pheasant population, which largely increased in the 1950s. However, due to agricultural changes and alterations in the landscape, their numbers decreased in the 1970s. The main trends of the article contents are purposefully divided into five-year periods. The aim of the practical part is to design activities for lower-secondary school students that target different points of view they can adopt (e.g., morphological and ecological standpoints) and simultaneously cultivate their scientific thinking. Three worksheets are attached, each focusing on different areas. One of them is specifically designed to support the inquiry-based learning. The activities are diverse and use audiovisual aids such as...
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Avifauna of the Canary Islands
Červenková, Michaela ; Andreska, Jan (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
The work is devoted to the bird fauna of one of the Macaronesian archipelagos, i.e. the Canary Islands. It is designed in such a way that it can be used as a source of information as well as a motivational tool to observe the nature of the archipelago for both adults and interested children. It can also be used as material when planning a possible school biology field trip, although this possibility is rather theoretical. The first and second chapters describe the geography and climate, and the third chapter introduces the environment of the entire archipelago. The fourth chapter describes the main ecosystems found in the Canary Islands and the species of birds and plants that can be found here. The fifth chapter recommends localities where it is possible to observe endemic and other nesting bird species, as well as rarities and vagrants and migratory birds. The sixth chapter is dedicated to the origin and evolution of the Canary Islands' avifauna and the national parks that have been established over the years to protect the island vegetation and environment, which gives hope for the preservation of all species of local animals. The seventh chapter introduces the endemic bird species and indicates the habitat in which they live, and presents a table with an overview of the species that are found...
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Crayfish as a Model Taxon in Primary and Secondary School
Kostřicová, Zuzana ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Andreska, Jan (referee)
This thesis brings a review of the crayfish topic. It aims to be useful for teachers who decide to explore the topic deeper with the class. The theoretical part stars with crayfish seen from the historical and cultural point of view and crayfish as an important source of food for humans. In the following chapters, systematics and global distribution of crayfish is disscused as well as their morphology and anatomy with the aim to highlight facts, that can be used in lessons. After that, six species living in the Czech republic are introduces, all the native species and signal crayfish, spiny-cheek crayfish and marbled crayfish. Than we focus on the position of crayfish in food webs and also on all factors that threaten the populatons of native species: influencing and regulating the riverbeds, competition with invasive species (vectors of crayfish plague), other parasites and pathogenes and also the influence of drought and the climate changes. The last chapter of the theoretical part discusses the different approaches to crayfish protection, repatriation of the native species, but also the approaches which aim to limit the spreading of invasive species including their elimination. In the research part, the content of various biology textbooks was analysed. The aim was to find out how these...
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Comparison of Biology Textbooks used in the Czech Republic and Bulgaria with Special Attention to Parasitology
Glavanakovová, Marie ; Andreska, Jan (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to compare Czech and Bulgarian Biology textbooks for primary and secondary schools with a special focus on parasitic organisms. The goal was to determine the differences in the processing of textbooks and whether the topic of parasitology is comprehended fundamentally different. The evaluation was performed as a qualitative analysis as the textbooks were scored according to pre-set criteria. Furthermore, in the quantitative part of the research, the occurrence of individual parasites in the examined textbooks was monitored. The analysis also focused on the comparison of educational systems and educational programs taking parasitic organisms into consideration. In my work, I came to the conclusion that both regions have modern textbooks with a high standard but in Bulgaria there is a better integration of health education in textbooks than in the Czech Republic. Last but not least, the work describes significant differences in secondary school curricula.
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Bioluminiscent Organisms as Didactic Theme
Ševicová, Michaela ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Andreska, Jan (referee)
The primary research question of this thesis is bioluminescence of living beings and the extent to which it is represented and explained in a selection of middle school textbooks. The theoretical part of the thesis establishes general facts about bioluminescence itself, methods for teaching and gradual study of this topic in the distant past, as well as the importance of bioluminescence and its potential for use in today's world. In addition, this part includes a summary of the various means and motives of bioluminescence in select (model) groups of organisms (bacteria, fungi, algae, invertebrate, vertebrate). The didactically oriented part of the thesis involves an analysis of select textbooks that are frequently used Czech middle and grammar schools. The thesis also includes questionary-based research, involving the students in the examined school years and aimed at assessing their knowledge about bioluminescence in living organisms. A video and a worksheet with practice questions was also prepared as part of the research. KEYWORDS bioluminescence, luminescence, luciferin, luciferase, bioluminescent organisms
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Euglenids (Excavata: Euglenophyta): Important Species
Bryxová, Tereza ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on a detailed description of euglenids (Excavata: Euglenozoa), and selected important species from the class Euglenophyta. Euglenids are unicellular mostly free-living flagellates. Their most closely related protozoans are those from the group called Kinetoplastida. Members of Euglenophyta have specific and unique cell structure. A specific organelle, the stigma (also called eye spot), formed by a large number of pigment granules, helps them to perceive the direction from which light comes. An important part of the cell are also plastids, which cause different colouration of euglenids, and thus also colour of freshwater bodies in which they occur. Mobile stages of euglenids possess two flagella (sometimes only one flagellum is present - e.g. genus Euglena) which are anchored in small cavity called ampula. The surface of the flagellum is covered with fine hairs, mastigonemes. The thesis closely focuses on three euglenid species. Euglena viridis is characterized by its green colour and forms characteristic green clusters visible on the water surface of water bodies. Euglena gracilis is of great importance as a potential source in biotechnological use. It is one of the future sources of biofuels or healthy bioproducts. The last closely described model representative is...
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Possibilities of Practical Care for Endangered Species of Animals as Didactic Topic
Kremrová, Johana ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Andreska, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the possibilities of practical care for endangered species and its possible usage as a teaching material in school. The aim of the paper is to find out what knowledge students have on the topic of endangered animals, to compare this knowledge across three types of schools and to find out how well is this topic anchored in educational programs. The work is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part uses mainly analytical methods and comparison. These methods were used to summarize the main laws on the protection of endangered species in history and today, ways to protect nature and endangered species in our country and abroad, the most common types of injuries in individual animal classes and for the operation of rescue stations. In the practical part, a questionnaire was used in three types of schools. The survey showed that the students of the business academy have the best knowledge about the care of endangered animal species, while the worst results were from students at the lower level of the eight-year grammar school. The results of the questionnaire conclude that this topic is not receiving sufficient attention in schools, which is confirmed by the very small involvement of animal protection in the framework of educational programs....
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