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Gene expression in chicken embryo: micromanipulation and visualization methods
Bendová, Michaela ; Dvořák, Michal (advisor) ; Hirsch, Ivan (referee) ; Krylov, Vladimír (referee)
The aim of this work was to obtain better insight into the principles of cell structures and organs in the chicken embryo development. To reach this goal special methods of micromanipulations and visualization in vitro, ex vivo, ex ovo and in ovo were implemented and adjusted. These methods were used to study gene expression in neural crest development and eye development. In the course of long term research in our laboratory we observed that oncoprotein v-Myb influences the development of the neural crest and has the capacity to change natural cell fate. We performed a series of experiments to investigate v-Myb protein influence on neural crest cells differentiation, especially melanocyte lineage development, and its influence on gene expression in the neural crest. Therefore we focused on Gremlin 2 (PRDC), the gene upregulated by v-Myb in the neural crest. The established procedure of electroporation in ovo was adjusted to transfect cells of the developing eye and used to study gene expression during lens induction. The results obtained from chicken embryo experiments endorsed the study performed on mouse embryos. Futhermore, the electroporation technique was slightly modified for manipulations of the neural retina in the developing eye in ovo. Thereafter, the retinas were processed ex vivo and...
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Anti-Drone Perimeter Protection
Janík, Roman ; Dvořák, Michal (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
Developement of drone technology brings opportunities for many fields of human activity, but simultaneously brings security threats. A need to effectively face these threats arises. In this work, problematics and state-of-the-art methods for object detection in a video captured by moving camera. Further I proposed a system for a drone or a flock of drones detection and localization. Algorithm for detection is based on convolutional neural network, specifically on SSD algorithm. I implemented the system with library OpenCV with possible acceleration of algorithm with GPU via OpenCL. I tested the created solution on both a video and a video camera output.
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Weapon Detection in an Image
Debnár, Pavol ; Drahanský, Martin (referee) ; Dvořák, Michal (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the topic of firearms detection in images. In the theoretic section, the explanation of the term firearm is covered, along with the definition of the most prevalent firearm categories. Then the concept of image noise and the ways it can hinder image detection is covered, along with ways of reducing it. Next, algorithms of image detection are introduced - first those which operate on the basis of neural nets - such as Convolutional Neural Nets and Single Shot Multibox Detection. The next section discusses classic algorithms of object detection such as HOG+SVM and SURF. After that, information on the used libraries and software is provided. The experimental part covers the designed algorithm and database. For detection, the HOG+SVM, SURF and SSD algorithms were used. All the algorithms are tested on the database and, if possible, on video. A final evaluation is provided, along with possible future development options.
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Psychoanalysis like a narative tool
Dvořák, Michal ; MALIMÁNEK, Karel (advisor) ; BROTHÁNEK, Adam (referee)
We see the film like a reality because our perception of the film is like
a reality around us. Movie as a dream and like a dream has unique tools how describe our soul and unconscious processes. This advantage is a crucial for my research, how can be useful for understanding how our unconscious works. C. G. Jung and Joseph Campbell and his work helps me with looking for the answer. How can film speak to us through the psychological layer instead of the narrative layer.
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Acquisition and Recognition of 3D Signature
Molitoris, Miloš ; Dvořák, Michal (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
This work deals with methods of signing in 3D space, selecting a suitable scan model, obtaining a sufficient number of samples to create a database, and finally verifying signatures. The first part deals with the issue of existing solutions and methods of signature verification, further image processing required for marker shooting in 3D space. The following sections are dedicated to design a unique signature solution in free space using a pen without any contact. Two shooting models have been designed using cameras or Leap Motion sensor. The application was implemented based on DTW algorithm using this sensor resulting in a dynamic signature verification system. Furthermore, the work includes a description using of database creation and experimental signature verification. At the end, we find an assessment of the security and error rate of the system that is compared to other methods. The result of this thesis is an application for 3D signature capture and recognition with the potential of a new technique for secure signature.
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Detection, Localization and Determination of Chronic Wounds
Gulán, Filip ; Dvořák, Michal (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to design and implement a multiplatform application for detection, localization and determination of the extent of chronic wounds. The application is intended to assist nurses, doctors and healthcare assistants to monitor and evaluate chronic wounds in the course of treatment. The application is based on the Typescript programming language, on the Ionic hybrid application framework and on the Electron desktop application framework. Chronic wound assessment runs on the server-side where the Python programming language is used. The Flask application framework is used for the RESTful application interface and the OpenCV library is used for image processing.
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Study of the v-Myb oncoprotein variable region
Starostová, Michaela ; Dvořák, Michal (advisor) ; Zadražil, Stanislav (referee)
- 4 - Study of the v-Myb oncoprotein variable region The aim of this thesis was to analyze the significance of the variable region of oncoprotein v-Myb. The v-myb oncogene originated in the chick through a natural recombination of the MAV1 retroviral genome with the c-myb gene, which is an important transcriptional regulator involved in hematopoiesis and other important processes in different types of vertebrate cells. In comparison with the c-myb coding sequence, the retroviral v-myb is truncated on N- and C-terminals and includes 11 point mutations. Due to both these changes and the retroviral promoter which drives its expresion, the v-Myb oncoprotein became the inducer of acute myeloid leukemia in chicks. The variable region of v-Myb lies in between the N-terminal DNA binding and the central transactivating domains. This region is the least evolutionarily conserved part of the protein. No published data are available about its potential function. In this work the biological significance of the variable region was studied by means of specific deletions and sequence swaps. Two deletions (∆PstI and ∆NaeI) and two swaps (chicken v-myb to mouse and Xenopus c-myb) were prepared. Recombinant DNAs were cloned into MAV1-based retroviral vector and transfected into chick embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) in tissue...
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CSL proteins of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Převorovský, Martin ; Půta, František (advisor) ; Dvořák, Michal (referee) ; Kořínek, Vladimír (referee)
The CSL family of transcription factors is essential for metazoan development,mostly due to their involvement in the Notch signaling pathway. We identified two novel classes of CSL genes in several fungal species, organisms lacking the Notch pathway. We characterized experimentally cbfl I- and cbfl2*, the two CSL genesof Schizosaccharomyces pombe, in order to elucidate the CSL function in fungi. We provide evidence supportingtheir identiý as genuine CSL genes.Both cbfll- and cbfl2- are non-essential; they have distinct expression profiles and code for nuclear proteins with transcription activation potential. Significantly, we demonstratedthat Cbfl1 recognizesspecifically the canonical CSL response element GTGA/6GAA in vitro. The deletion of cbfLt_ is associated with growth phenoýpes and altered colony morphology. Furthermore, we found that Cbfl I and CbfIZ play opposite roles in cell adhesion, nuclear and cell division and their coordination. Disturbed balance of the two CSL proteins leads to cell separationdefects,cut phenotype, and high-frequency diploidization. Our data show that CSL proteins operate in an organism predating the Notch pathway, which should be of relevance to the understandingof (Notch- independent)CSL functions in metazoans.
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