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Armin Mohler's political thought in his book Conservative Revolution in Deutschland 1918-1932
Kloučková, Klára ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Halamka, Tomáš (referee)
The topic of the conservative revolution and the German New Right is one of the less explored topics in the Czech academic environment. The personality of Armin Mohler, who is one of the spiritual fathers of the German New Right, offers a space for finding and understanding the essential ideas that influence the German New Right to this day. The aim of this thesis is therefore to describe key concepts of Mohler's thought in his first and influential work, The Conservative Revolution in Deutschland 1918-1932. At the same time, the thesis seeks to show the moments in which Mohler straddles the line between conservatism and right- wing extremism. The analysis of this borderline relies on the key concepts of conservatism and right-wing extremism, which are described in the first section. The second part already focuses specifically on the key concepts of Mohler's work. Firstly, Mohler's understanding of what a conservative revolution is in general is explained, and it is at this point that the borderline under investigation can already be traced. Next, the thesis identifies concepts such as nation, race, and empire, and it also looks at the militarism and militant thought of the conservative revolution and the groups that represent a non-negligible part of the conservative revolution. For all of these...
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Analysis of far-right subjects in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Podsedník, Michael ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
This master`s thesis deals with the theories of the far-right party family. The theoretical part consists mainly of textual work and the author introduces theory of the party family and the far-right party family. Next, theories of three different authors are introduced and on their bases the author studies selected political subjects, which are Dělnická strana sociální spravedlnosti, Svoboda a přímá demokracie of Tomio Okamura, Slovenská národná strana and Kotleba- Ľudová strana Naše Slovensko. The author bases the work on the concepts of far-right parties by these authors: Piero Ignazi, Hans-Georg Betz and Cas Mudde. Furthermore, the dynamic development of far-right parties, is described with focus not only on Europe but more specifically on Czech Republic and Slovakia. The goal of this thesis is to find out if it is possible to categorize various subjects into the far-right party family based on the selected criteria and potentially point out their differences. Mainly analytical and empirical method is used in this thesis. For the analysis of the parties, the author uses political programs, presentation of the subject in the public eye and media, and also their activity on social media.
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Fake news as a security and political issue today
Hadbavniková, Ivana ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is fake news as a current security and political problem. The term fake news is not officially codified. This diploma thesis will mainly focus on the theoretical definition of the term fake news and its differentiation from similar terms with which it's often interchanged incorrectly. Furthermore, this thesis will focus on social media, which can be used to spread fake news, as well as on the methods used for distinguishing fake news in the online world. The term fake news is also often connected with the term hybrid threat also referred to as a possible tool of the hybrid war, therefore this thesis will dedicate a section to these concepts and their critique. Fake news as a security and political issue will be observed within the example of the Czech Republic based on the selected definition of fake new with focus on the influence of Russia. First, actors who are possibly responsible for spread of fake news within the Czech Republic will be mapped, after which four specific websites and their reporting on certain news events in connection with Russia in the period from March 2020 until present will be examined.
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Comparative study of the National Unification and the National Fascist Community in the Czechoslovak parliamentary elections 1935
Chadima, Hugo ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to examine the basic political attributes of two nationalist and fascist electoral subjects running in the Czechoslovak parliamentary elections in 1935: the National Unification and the National Fascist Community. Thesis will focus on aspects of internal organization and influential actors. It will offer an overview of ideological and programmatic positions of both parties. Subsequently, it will focus on their election results, identify major voter groups, and take into account the findings of previous research. This paper focuses on the following research question: How did the political orientation, the internal party actors and the electoral groups of the National Unification and the National Fascist Community differ? What influence did these factors have on the result of both parties in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies in 1935? Thesis uses comparative methods and applies them to existing historiographic research. At the same time, it deals with data analysis of election results and demographic indicators, which it processes within a defined electoral core. In the end, the thesis attempts to use the acquired knowledge to answer its research question and comes to the conclusion that both subjects are very different from each other. National unification, which...
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Yellow France - Analysis of Antigovernmental Protests in the Context of Political Culture and Depoliticization
Matoušková, Renáta ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of the Yellow Vests movement. It is a comparative case study that focuses on the analysis of the Yellow Vests in the context of political culture and depoliticization of society. The thesis asks three research questions 1) How has the face of anti-government demonstrations changed with respect to the political culture of French society? 2) What impact has the historical development of social movements had on the way in which the Yellow Vests Movement operates? 3) Is there a depoliticization of society in France? To analyse the transformation of anti-government demonstrations within the political culture, the thesis analyses the evolution of protests from 1968 to the present, including the Yellow Vests movement. This also focuses on the evolution of the functions of social movements, which just uses in contrast the functions of the Yellow Vests movement. At the beginning, the main terms, and concepts that the thesis will operate with are introduced. Subsequently, the thesis will present the development of the anti-government movements in 1968, 1986, 1995 and 2005. Next, the Yellow Vests movement is introduced as a phenomenon likened to the movement of the Jacquieres and as a modern phenomenon.
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Reflection of the Czechoslovak Constitution 1920 in The Constitution of the Czech Republic
Pažourek, Kryštof ; Stauber, Jakub (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The theme of the bachelor's thesis is the reflection of the Czechoslovak Constitution 1920 in the Constitution of the Czech Republic. The main goal of the thesis is to find out what were the main sources of inspiration in the creation of the Constitution of the Czech Republic and especially how much the current basic document of the state organization differs or on the contrary agrees with the Constitution of the Czechoslovak Republic adopted in 1920. In the first part, the thesis focuses on the historical context in the formation of the Constitution of the Czech Republic, especially describes the important social changes in 1989 and the subsequent disintegration of the federation. After understanding the historical context, the reader is acquainted with the process of creating and subsequent adoption of the Constitution of the Czech Republic. This part of the thesis also deals with the very sources of inspiration of the Constitution of the Czech Republic, namely historical, philosophical, and foreign sources. The second part of the bachelor thesis belongs to the comparison of the Constitution of the Czechoslovak Republic from 1920 and the Constitution of the Czech Republic. In this comparison, emphasis is placed on the legal, executive, and judicial powers, as well as on the overall concept of the...
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The party Levice and its inclusion in the political spectrum
Karol, Daniel ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on a case study of the political party Levice and its ideological basis. It aims to answer the question whether it's possible to talk about the party Levice as a radical or extremist party. Introductory theoretical part focuses on the definition of the theoretical framework that contains the definition of the basic concepts that are crucial for this bachelor thesis. Those include extremism, radicalism, populism and the theory of antisystem parties. Second part of the theoretical framework focuses on the definition of the basic far-left political ideologies, i.e. marxism, communism and anarchism, whereas in the case of communism, its basic individual variants are also mentioned. Research part of the thesis is then divided to several units. To put it in the context of the far left in the Czech Republic, it is important to describe the development of the far left political entities excluding the party KSČM during period from 1989 to presence. Subsequently, the party Levice is briefly introduced in the terms of circumstances of its origin, current activities of the party and its organizational structures. The research component of the thesis itself contains firstly the definition of general radical and extremist left-wing positions on specific topics based on the defined...
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Criteria for prohibition or suspension of political party's activity and their fulfillment by the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia
Sedlář, Jiří ; Hájek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The topic of banning or suspending the activities of the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) has long resonated in Czech society. The aim of the thesis is to answer, on the basis of summarized criteria and expert opinions, whether the KSČM did not meet the conditions for its prohibition or suspension of its activities in a certain period of its existence (1989-2012). The text is theoretically based on the concept of defensive democracy, the foundations of which are brought closer to the reader both in general terms and in a more detailed form in the environment of the Czech Republic. Among other things, the thesis reflects selected historical cases associated with the Communist Party, which led to the development of this concept in the Czech Republic. Individual efforts to legally sanction the Communist Party culminated in 2011 with a request from the Ministry of the Interior for expert opinions. The aim of these assessments was to support the reasoning of the upcoming proposal to suspend the activities of the KSČM. The result of this work is the finding that on the basis of a comparison of general criteria and arguments from expert opinions, the activities of the Communist Party could not be banned or suspended.
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