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Lipid emulsions in lonf-term parenteral nutition
Ševela, Stanislav ; Novák, František (advisor) ; Cahová, Monika (referee) ; Lahoda Brodská, Helena (referee)
The combination of intestinal failure and parenteral nutrition is a condition associated with mild chronic inflammation and organ injury, the most significant of which is hepatic injury. This crossover-controlled trial investigated the effects of different intravenous lipid emulsions (IVLE) enriched with increased doses of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) from fish oil (FO) in patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPNP) for chronic intestinal failure. Twelve patients were consecutively given three different IVLEs, with an FO emulsion added after each IVLE. The study also included twelve paired healthy controls for comparison. The aim of this study was to investigate how long-term administration of these IVLEs affected primarily the erythrocyte and plasma fatty acid (FA) spectrum, as well as the inflammatory response, antioxidant status, markers of liver function and bile acid spectrum in HPNP, and how these changes differed from healthy subjects. We demonstrated successful incorporation of n-3 PUFA into erythrocyte phospholipids and corresponding changes in the plasma FA spectrum, characterized in particular by significant increases in n-3 versus n-6 PUFA, with a decrease in the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. We also found a more prolonged effect on these changes with high dose FO...
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Monitoring of biochemici markers of septic states
Brodská, Helena ; Kazda, Antonín (advisor) ; Zazula, Roman (referee) ; Průša, Richard (referee)
The topic of systemic inflammatory response is lately often discussed across the whole field of medicine. Early diagnosis and the following adequate therapy minimize the risks of the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Therefore there is a general urge to find an appropriate marker for diagnosing and monitoring of the development of SIRS. Each year new markers appear, markers that fill up the mosaic of a pathophysiological picture, but we still do not have a marker, that would fulfill the demands of specificity, sensitivity and availability. In the recent ten years, one of the most promising markers seems to be the PCT. (...) In two studies with patients in end states renal diseases (ESRD) the non infectious elevations appear as marker of severity of clinical state. In the last study we confirm the relationship between PCT and severity of clinical state and the antioxidative defence, respectively the plasmatic selenium level. In the above mentioned studies I would like to present the wide range of this marker, which in the meantime is one of the most used markers of the SIRS. I would like to stress the importance of a correct indication and of an accurate interpretation in accordance with all the other parameters, but most of all with the clinical state. PCT, being almost ten...
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Monitoring of nutritional markers in critically ill patients with high substitution of selenium
Ešlerová, Dana ; Lahoda Brodská, Helena (advisor) ; Kohout, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this work is to evaluate and compare the impact of high and standard doses of selenium on nutritional parameters in critically ill patients. Patients who were hospitalized for more than 5 days in Anesthesiology-resuscitation (ARO), were divided into two specific groups according to the dose administered selenium (Se + and Se-) high replacement doses Se+ (500-1000 mg / day) standard doses Se- (30-75 mg / day). In critically ill patients, selenium concentration in blood decreased up to 40%. Selenium plays an important role in protecting the body against free oxygen radicals that cause oxidative stress. This study compares the effects of standard and high doses of replacement therapy on nutritional parameters (albumin, prealbumin and cholesterol). Values of the parameters are influenced by topical status of the patient, because their deviations from the reference range may indicate both the nutritional status of the patient and the inflammatory response. The results of both groups are statistically analyzed and compared.
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Monitoring of nutritional markers in critically ill patients with high substitution of selenium
Ešlerová, Dana ; Lahoda Brodská, Helena (advisor) ; Kohout, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this work is to evaluate and compare the impact of high and standard doses of selenium on nutritional parameters in critically ill patients. Patients who were hospitalized for more than 5 days in Anesthesiology-resuscitation (ARO), were divided into two specific groups according to the dose administered selenium (Se + and Se-) high replacement doses Se+ (500-1000 mg / day) standard doses Se- (30-75 mg / day). In critically ill patients, selenium concentration in blood decreased up to 40%. Selenium plays an important role in protecting the body against free oxygen radicals that cause oxidative stress. This study compares the effects of standard and high doses of replacement therapy on nutritional parameters (albumin, prealbumin and cholesterol). Values of the parameters are influenced by topical status of the patient, because their deviations from the reference range may indicate both the nutritional status of the patient and the inflammatory response. The results of both groups are statistically analyzed and compared.
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Monitoring of biochemici markers of septic states
Brodská, Helena ; Kazda, Antonín (advisor) ; Zazula, Roman (referee) ; Průša, Richard (referee)
The topic of systemic inflammatory response is lately often discussed across the whole field of medicine. Early diagnosis and the following adequate therapy minimize the risks of the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Therefore there is a general urge to find an appropriate marker for diagnosing and monitoring of the development of SIRS. Each year new markers appear, markers that fill up the mosaic of a pathophysiological picture, but we still do not have a marker, that would fulfill the demands of specificity, sensitivity and availability. In the recent ten years, one of the most promising markers seems to be the PCT. (...) In two studies with patients in end states renal diseases (ESRD) the non infectious elevations appear as marker of severity of clinical state. In the last study we confirm the relationship between PCT and severity of clinical state and the antioxidative defence, respectively the plasmatic selenium level. In the above mentioned studies I would like to present the wide range of this marker, which in the meantime is one of the most used markers of the SIRS. I would like to stress the importance of a correct indication and of an accurate interpretation in accordance with all the other parameters, but most of all with the clinical state. PCT, being almost ten...
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