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Narušuje trh bydlení pracovní mobilitu a zaměstnanost v České republice?
Konečný, Martin ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
The main goal of the paper is to find out whether homeownership can have detrimental effect on employment in the Czech Republic. The Oswalds conjecture is tested on the set of panel data across Czech regions between the years of 2005--2012. By testing model similar to the Oswald's I receive the similar result that the rate of homeownership leads to higher rate of unemployment in following years. The second model tested in the paper does not support previous findings that regional rate of homeownership has negative effect on individual's probability of being unemployed. Possible refinements to the model are presented as inspiration for further research.
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Labor Market Structure Analysis: MAJОR LEAGUE SОCCER
Hrdina, Martin ; Zajíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis deals with the determination of the player labour market for the American professional sports league Major League Soccer (MLS). In the theoretical part I focus on the description of the league's development along with the salary politics rules. Using the two stages least square method in the empirical part I then provide the model for the estimation of player's marginal productivity (MRP). In the first step I explain the correlation between the percentages of obtained points by teams with player statistics. In the second step I examine the influence of this variable along with other factors on team's revenues from attendance. Afterwards I compare the calculated player's MRP with their salaries and also test some additional factors that might influence players' salaries. Using this model and also some other simple regressions I conclude that MLS labour market is a monopsony market structure. Besides I found out that forwarders market seems to be the closest part of the MLS labour market to the competitive market structure. In conclusion I discuss possible model's weaknesses, which turned out to be especially dependency of players on their co-players' on-field performance.
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The Analysis of How the Education Achieved by Parents Influences the Lenght of Their Children's Studies
Dočekalová, Veronika ; Bíza Bisová, Sára (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
The thesis analysis how the education achieved by parents affects the education achieved by their children. The least square method is used for the regression analysis. All the estimations are based on the survey-acquired data from Prague and Pilsen. Alongside the estimations for these two cities alone, the influence in all dataset is examined as well. The cross-sectional data were acquired throughout the first quarter of 2014. The certain influence of both mother's and father's education on the education of their descendants was demonstrated by the analysis. Other significant factors influencing acquired education turned out to be for instance a number of siblings or divorce in a family.
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The analysis of relationship between unemployment and property crime
Fabová, Lucia ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
Paper examines the relationship between unemployment and property crime activity. The analysis is conducted by the method of fixed effects on panel data for 14 regions of the Czech Republic. I use quarterly data from the first quarter of 2007 to the third quarter of 2013. The influence of unemployment is examined on models for 7 different property crimes: robberies, burglaries into shops, flats, houses, weekend cottages, pickpocketing and pilfering cars. After estimation the econometric model results show a positive effect of unemployment on burglaries to houses. Other monitored property crimes have not proven to be statistically significant.
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The impact of unemployment on a number of rapes in The Czech Republic
Táborská, Julie ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
In my thesis I explore the impact of unemployment on a number of rapes in The Czech Republic. I use annual panel data of The Czech Republic for districts and regions for the period 2005 - 2011. I want to prove the hypothesis about positive correlation between the number of rapes and the unemployment rate. The second question is whether this dependence is more significant in the case of unemployment rate of men. The analysis was based on panel data by ordinary least squares. I found a positive relationship between basic variables in terms of district but not in the case of regions. I did not find significant effect of the unemployment rate of men.
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Analysis of unemployment determinants in Ústecký region
Abu Zummarová, Adriana ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the determinants of unemployment in Ústecký region. The panel data for 7 regional districts from period 2005 -- 2013 with total of 63 observations were used to construct the econometric model estimate. The model included variables from demographic and economic characteristic of the region. Real gross average wage, share of women in population and share of foreigners in population have been found the most significant. Comparative models of male and female unemployment proved, that male unemployment is more sensitive to wage change as well as to share of foreigners in population. Education variable had to be withdrawn from the model due to high multicollinearity, therefore it was tested on a separate model, which proved the negative relationship between share of tertiary educated population and share of unemployed.
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Raising the minimum wage and the Austrian apriorism
Panýr, Jakub ; Špecián, Petr (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis deals with a problem of a relationship between minimum wage and potential consequent unemployment. While solving it, I am trying to connect apriorism of the misesian branch of the Austrian school and a Bayesian approach. It will enable us to correct our subjective belief in certain hypothesis with regard to the new facts which may appear. Sentences of the Austrian school about a certain positive relationship between raising the minimum wage and unemployment of unskilled workers, based on claiming about a synthetic a priori character of these sentences, seems as not so convincing, after confrontation with the Bayesian epistemology and facts from other disciplines. Then I am trying to show, that refusing of a quantification of unique events seems to be wrong and not coherent with callings of the Austrian school for "realistic" foundaitons. The Austrian school may according to these findings give up its claim about unchallengeable certainty of its theories, and complement it with a healthy dose of this Bayesian approach.
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Analysis of relationship between distribution of pharmacies and economic and demographic factors
Havlík, Karel ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
This thesis main focus is to test the existence of relationship between number of pharmacies in a region and its properties. On data panel spanning over period from 2005 to 2012 in 73 regions, totaling to 578 observations I based econometric model. Average percent of sick leaves, share of pension recipients, share of doctors, the number of parts of village, and population density have been found to be statistically significant. Based on the model, implementation of regulatory fee per prescription was not statistically significant toward the number of pharmacies, even though it affected amount of prescriptions that were used in 2008. Impact of income was not analyzed due to lack of data.
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The influence of trade barriers on migration between states
Břehovský, Jan ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The main purpose of the thesis is to identify the nature of the relationship between the freedom and openness of the international trade and migration. My hypothesis says, that reduction in the level of trade barriers can, according to the Stolper-Samuelson theorem, lead to equalisation of the factor prices in particular economies. If the differences in wages are also reduced, decrease of the migration may occur, due to reduction in benefits and/or rise in costs of migration. The analysis is performed using two regression models looking for main determinants of the emigration and immigration. I estimated the models using panel data from selected European Union member countries over the past 15 years. The results shows, that trade openness is important factor which lowers the migration Given those results, set hypothesis was empirically verified.
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Determinants of youth unemployment
Lakotová, Lenka ; Slaný, Martin (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis deals with the determinants of youth unemployment It uses the panel data regression analysis of EU countries. The work assembled models with the dependent variable the unemployment rate and the model is estimated for each demographic group. The models are represented by institutional variables, the macro-economic variables, demographic variables and variables representing education. The goal is to prove or disprove the hypothesis that individual determinants affect differently to the youth unemployment rate and unemployment rate of main age group. Partial task is to answer the question whether more significant determinants of unemployment rate are institutional or macro-economic determinants. The result of the analysis work is that institutional factors are not important determinants of unemployment rate. Conversely, macro-economic variables, GDP growth and inflation are significant determinants. Significant determinants are also variables representing education. The estimated coefficients of these significant determinants and variables employment labor protection and the tax rate are higher for young people than for the main age group. However, there was not found determinant that would be robustly more significant for youth than for main age group.
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