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SIZE AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN NANO-TiO2 TOXICITY IN MACROPHAGE-LIKE CELLS
Líbalová, Helena ; Sikorová, Jitka ; Brzicová, Táňa ; Milcová, Alena ; Vrbová, Kristýna ; Pikal, P. ; Topinka, Jan ; Rössner ml., Pavel
A set of NPs consists of 5 variants of anatase and 5 variants of rutile nanoparticles differing in their diameter (from 3 to 165 nm). TiO2 samples were characterized in the powder form and dispersed in water and cell culture media. Three cytotoxicity assays were used: MTS, WST-1, and LDH. For all nanomaterials, three independent repetitions were carried out. \n\nOverall, cytotoxicity of all NPs was low even at the highest concentration of 256 mu g/ml. The viability of cells did not decrease below 60% for WST-1 and MTS assays and 80% for the LDH assay. Besides concentration, crystalline size was identified as the most important cytotoxic factor. Clear nonlinear relationship between crystalline size and cytotoxicity was detected, higher toxicity induced NPs within the size range 20-60 nm. Increased cytotoxicity in given diameter size range would give an answer to inconsistent findings at size and cytotoxicity relationship.
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GENE EXPRESSION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE IN MICE EXPOSED TO ZnO NANOPARTICLES
Rössner ml., Pavel ; Vrbová, Kristýna ; Strapáčová, S. ; Rössnerová, Andrea ; Ambrož, Antonín ; Brzicová, Táňa ; Líbalová, Helena ; Javorková, Eliška ; Zajícová, Alena ; Holáň, Vladimír ; Kulich, P. ; Večeřa, Zbyněk ; Mikuška, Pavel ; Coufalík, Pavel ; Křůmal, Kamil ; Čapka, Lukáš ; Dočekal, Bohumil ; Šerý, Omar ; Machala, M. ; Topinka, Jan
We analyzed gene expression changes in the lungs and the immunological response in splenocytes of mice exposed by inhalation of ZnO nanoparticles - NP. Adult female ICR mice were treated for three days and three months, respectively. Analysis of differential expression in genes involved in oxidative stress was conducted using quantitative RT-PCR. The potential immunotoxic and immunomodulatory effects of ZnO NP were analyzed by phenotyping and cytokine production by splenocytes after three months exposure. Three days exposure resulted in down-regulation of GCLC, GSR, HMOX-1, NQO-1, NF-kB2, PTGS2 and TXNRD1 mRNA expression, three months exposure increased the expression of these genes. Three months exposure caused a significant decrease in the percentage of granulocytes in the spleen cells, and affected the production of IL-10 and IL-6 by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated leukocytes. In summary, our study revealed changes in the expression of genes involved in the oxidative stress response following acute ZnO NP exposure. Subchronic ZnO NP exposure induced immunomodulatory effects in the spleen.
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MOCVD Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Generation not Only for Follow-Up Inalation Exposure Experiments.
Moravec, Pavel ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Vodička, Petr ; Kupčík, Jaroslav ; Švehla, Jaroslav
Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are industrially produced and commercially available and they are also frequently emitted into the environment by iron making plants. In the human body, iron is maintained at homeostatic fairly low level. However, freshly generated iron oxide NPs cause febrile and inflammatory response known as metal fume fever, but the potential in vivo consequences of inhalation of iron oxide NPs from the atmosphere has not yet been investigated. An overview of recent studies evaluating iron oxide NPs cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity was presented by Valdiglesias et al. (2015). Toxicity of iron oxide NPs has been studied both in vitro and in vivo. Exposure chamber for the whole body inhalation experiments with small laboratory animals was constructed at the Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS (Večeřa et al., 2011) and some methods of NPs generation for these experiments were already tested in our laboratory (Moravec et al., 2015. Moravec et al., 2016). In this study we tested a method of long lasting generation of iron oxide NPs by pyrolysis and oxidation of ironIII acetylacetonate (FeAA3).
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22018110212483 - PDF
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Effect of inhaled metal oxide nanoparticles on organs of exposed mice
Mikuška, Pavel ; Večeřa, Zbyněk ; Dočekal, Bohumil ; Čapka, Lukáš ; Křůmal, Kamil ; Coufalík, Pavel ; Moravec, Pavel ; Buchtová, Marcela ; Míšek, Ivan ; Vrlíková, Lucie ; Smutná, Tereza ; Dumková, J. ; Hampl, A. ; Fictum, P.
Adult mice were continuously exposed to metal oxide nanoparticles for different time intervals. At the end of experiment, mice organs (lung, brain, kidney, liver and spleen) were collected for chemical, biochemical, histological and electron microscopical analyses.
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Regional Air Pollution Transport and Its Influence to Pollution Hotspot in th Czech Republic.
Kozáková, Jana ; Vodička, Petr ; Pokorná, Petra ; Ondráčková, Lucie ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Hovorka, J. ; Křůmal, Kamil ; Mikuška, Pavel ; Moravec, Pavel ; Schwarz, Jaroslav
The aim of the study was to find out the local effect and the regional air pollution transport effect on the air quality of the Ostrava Radvanice district, the problematic air pollution hot spot.
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22017103113061 - PDF
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Nanoparticle Generation for Follow-Up Exposure Studies by Oxidation of Copper Acetylacetonate.
Moravec, Pavel ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Vodička, Petr ; Švehla, Jaroslav ; Kupčík, Jaroslav
The exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) represents a severe problem to human health, because they are becoming more widely used and their number of applications continually increases. Particles containing copper are emitted from smelters, iron foundries, power stations and municipal incinerators (WHO, 1998), as well as from brake linings during braking, Kukutschova et al. (2011). Copper and copper oxide NPs are frequently used as catalysts, heat transfer fluids in machine tools (Kim et al., 2011), inks, anode material in lithium-ion batteries (Guo et al., 2002) and many others. Even though CuO NPs were found highly toxic, Karlsson et al. (2008) and it is likely that NPs enter human body via respiratory tract, the inhalation exposure experiments of CuO NPs with laboratory animals are still rather rare (Pettibone et al., 2008 and Lebedova et al., 2016). The exposure chamber for long lasting inhalation experiments was constructed at the Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS (Večeřa et al., 2011) and some methods of NPs generation for these experiments were already tested in our laboratory (Moravec et al., 2015 and Moravec et al., 2016a). The generation of Cu/Cu2O NPs by thermal decomposition of copper acetylacetonate (CuAA) was reported by Moravec et al. (2016b) and here we present the results of long lasting generation of NPs by oxidation of CuAA.
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22017103113062 - PDF
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