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Practical Application of Photochemical and Photocatalytic Processes for the Treatment of the Contaminated Water
Mašín, P. ; Žebrák, R. ; Klusoň, Petr ; Šolcová, Olga
This contribution deals with utilization of photochemical H2O2/UVC and photocatalytic TiO2/UV oxidation in pilot scale treatment of the contaminated groundwater and wastewater. Photochemical oxidation was tried on destruction of some compounds from production of aniline (benzene, aniline, nitrobenzene) in groundwater. Photocatalytic oxidation TiO2/UV was tested on destruction of some endocrine disruptors in water outlet from wastewater treatment plant. Both technologies have shown highs efficiencies of pollutant decontamination, photochemical technology H2O2/UVC shows higher efficiency then photocatalytic method.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: 048 - PDF
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The Influence of Various Deposition Techniques on the Structural and Photoelectrochemical Properties of the thin TiO2 Films
Morozová, Magdalena ; Klusoň, Petr ; Dzik, P. ; Veselý, M. ; Baudys, M. ; Krýsa, J. ; Šolcová, Olga
In recent years thin films as the nanostructured electrode material have evoked a great interest in fields of photovoltaics, energy storage, sensing, photo-electrocatalysis etc. The aim of this thesis was the preparation of functional thin TiO2 layers by chemical way using the reverse micelles templating. The sol–gel TiO2 layers deposited on the conductive ITO glass by three various deposition techniques (dip-coating, inkjet printing and spray-coating) were used as photo-anode in the three-compartment electrochemical cell. Relationships between structural properties and photo-induced conductivity of the nanostructured layers were studied.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014090110320 - PDF
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A NOVEL BIOAUGMENTATION APPROACH IN BIODEGRADATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN CONTAMINATED SOIL
Lhotský, O. ; Filipová, Alena ; Innemanová, P. ; Velebová, R. ; Cajthaml, Tomáš
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) belong among organic compounds that accumulate in the environment mainly resulting from human activities. Because of their potentially negative effects on human health, methods of their removal from the environment are intensively studied. In this work, a biodegradation method of bioaugmentation based on sequential stepwise mixing of inoculated soil with non inoculated soil was used. The subject of this work was an application of a bacterial consortium on a real contaminated (7399 mg.kg-1 of PAHs) soil. 8 bacterial strains isolated from other contaminated sites were inoculated. DNA was isolated from the samples during the inoculation process and the degradation of PAHs was monitored after 4 months.
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TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON DESORPTION AND DETERMINATION OF BIOACCESSIBLE PAHS
Čvančarová, Monika ; Pokorná, Lenka ; Velebová, R. ; Najmanová, P. ; Cajthaml, Tomáš
Hydrophobic organic pollutants tend to adsorb onto soil particles which can cause a significant decrease in their bioaccessible fractions. Definition of the bioaccessibility is currently not unified; however it represents a part of total PAHs amount which is potentially available for biological processes. It is an important parameter which can be used for prediction of microbial degradation and environmental risk evaluation. This paper studies desorption behavior of PAHs at 20 and 60˚C. The desorption of PAHs from long-term contaminated soils was evaluated using resin Amberlite XAD- 2. A two-phase desorption model was used to calculate the desorption kinetic curves and F fractions which represent bioaccessible amount of PAHs. The results showed that the desorption of PAHs was significantly influenced by temperature. The greatest differences in the desorption behavior were observed at 5–6 ring PAHs. We compared the F fractions and the rate constants of individual PAHs which were determined at 20 and 60˚C. The results were also compared with sequential supercritical fluid extraction which has been already used for prediction of microbial degradation.
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BATCH BIOREACTORS: WASTE WATER ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR BIODEGRADATION BY WHITE ROT FUNGI
Křesinová, Zdena ; Cajthaml, Tomáš
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are members of a broad class of environmental organopollutants which are present in the environment. Due to the widespread presence in the surface water and wastewater, and their negative endocrine disrupting activity even at very low concentration, these EDs have received an increased attention in water quality management and health care. EDs encompass a variety of substances, including mammalian hormones (estrogens, androgens) and anthropogenic chemicals
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Aplication of Photocatalytic Processes for Contaminated Water Cleaning
Maléterová, Ywetta ; Krejčíková, Simona ; Spáčilová, Lucie ; Cajthaml, Tomáš ; Kaštánek, František ; Šolcová, Olga
The necessity of finding the alternative solutions for environmental protection leads to development and use of the new technologies. Photo-catalysis has been applied as a promising technique for the wastewater decontamination and/or purification using semiconductor particles have found increasing interest to solve the resistant pollutants remove problems. This study is focused on verification of the specially designed photoactive materials and their modified versions suitable for photo-processes carried out upon illumination in the UV light.TiO2 as a photocatalyst immobilized in thin layers on glass beads or glass tubes were used for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol and endocrine disruptors namely 4-nonylphenol, 17-ethynylestradiol and bisphenol A in water solution with allowance of the toxicity of final water. Experiments demonstrate the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation for all compounds in both types of photocatalytic reactor (batch and continual arrangement) was 85% in average. The toxicity and the estrogenity of final water were monitored. The long term efficiency of titania catalyst was also proved.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013103010060 - PDF
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