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Measurements of New Particle Formation in the Atmosphere
Špalová, Anna
In this work, the formation of particles and their transformation to larger sizes will be studied by measuring the concentration of molecular clusters. The measurement will take place at a rural background site National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice. At the ground level, a Neutral and Air Ion Spectrometer (NAIS) able to measure both neutral and charged clusters or particles ranging from 0.8 to 40 nm in diameter will be used together with a Particle Size Magnifier (PSM) able to measure neutral clusters as small as 1 nm in diameter up to 12 nm. Larger particles will be measured by a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS). At a height of 230 m above ground level, there will be another SMPS and also a nanoSMPS able to detect particles as small as 1 nm in diameter.
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PM1 UNDER THE MICROSCOPE: MULTI-ANNUAL AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SIZE DISTIRBUTION OBSERVATION AT PERI-URBAN ATMOSPHERIC SITE ATOLL
Suchánková, Lenka ; Bourrianne, E. ; De Fillipi, R. ; De Brito, J. F. ; Riffault, V. ; Prokeš, Roman ; Holoubek, Ivan ; Ždímal, V. ; Crumeyrolle, S.
Atmospheric aerosols (AA) belong to short-lived climate forcers with high spatial and temporal variability. Although the radiative effects of AA are greatest on regional scales, changes in aerosol emissions can induce long-term global climate effects (Szopa et al., 2021). Thus, the measurement of aerosol properties is essential for better understanding of aerosol’s impact on health and climate. Although several international projects and platforms have been monitoring AA properties worldwide (GAW, WMO, ACTRIS, EMEP, EUCAARI, etc., Pandolfi et al., 2018), only PM10 or PM2.5 cutoff sizes have been used for measurements, and information about PM1 particles is missing. \nThe aim of this study is to present aerosol scattering properties with supporting data of absorption and particle number size distribution in PM1 in years 2018-2022 at peri-urban atmospheric site “Atmospheric Observations in LiLLE (ATOLL) in Lille, France. This study is the first to present results dedicated to aerosol scattering properties at this site.
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PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EVOLUTION OF AEROSOL FROM OPEN COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS DURING THE TRADITIONAL “BURNING OF THE WITCHES”
Mbengue, Saliou ; Vodička, Petr ; Komínková, Kateřina ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Vítková, Gabriela ; Windell, Laurence Christian ; Suchánková, Lenka ; Lhotka, Radek ; Julaha, Kajal ; Prokeš, Roman ; Šmejkalová Holubová, A. ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Holoubek, Ivan
Open biomass burning (OBB) is a major source releasing large quantities of gaseous and particulate pollutants into the atmosphere, with global, regional and local impacts on air quality, public health and climate (Andreae, 2019, Chen et al., 2017). OBB aerosols mainly consist of carbonaceous matter, and a considerable amount of inorganic salts, which present distinctly different optical properties (Chen et al., 2017, Reid et al., 2005). In this study, we investigate the influence of OBB during the traditional Burning of the Witches (BoW), referred to in Czech as “Pálení čarodějnic”, on the physico-chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols collected at the National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice (NAOK). The BoW is a centuries-old pagan tradition very popular in the Czech Republic. Today, it is celebrated during the night from April 30 to May 1 by lighting bonfires made of woodpiles with fake witches.
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ON OUR RECENT WORK IN STUDYING NEW PARTICLE FORMATION (NPF)
Kovářík, Jiří ; Špalová, Anna ; Roztočil, Petr ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír
New particle formation (NPF) is increasingly gaining attention since it emerged roughly twenty years ago as a field of interest within the aerosol science. It studies the transition process between gas phase molecules, forming clusters and eventually becoming aerosol particles. Thus, this field is a multidisciplinary one, ranging from meteorology, atmospheric chemistry and physics, all the way through physical chemistry towards chemistry and physics of aerosols. \nRecent development of instrumentation techniques allows measuring of sub-5 nm particles and molecule clusters, neutral and also charged ones. Therefore, modern analytical methods based on these measurements are often used for NPF studies.
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WATER-SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS PM2.5 AT THREE RURAL BACKGROUND SITES IN CENTRAL EUROPE DURING COLD AND WARM PERIODS
Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Vodička, Petr ; Lhotka, Radek ; Pokorná, Petra ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Aurora, S. ; Poulain, L. ; Herrmann, H. ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Ion chromatography (IC) was used to characterize water soluble compounds in PM2.5 during winter and summer campaigns at three rural sites in Central Europe in 12-hour (day/night) time resolution. Concentrations of biomass combustion aerosolsdoubled from Melpitz to Košetice in winter, sea salt exhibited opposite behaviour. Summer exhibited higher sulphates and methane sulphonic acid in Melpitz. Day to night ratios showed higher day concentrations for phosphates and compounds connected to fungal spores and bacteria, while higher night concentrations were connected to wood combustion. Ventilation index was used as an approximate measure to distinguish local and long range transported aerosols. Biomass combustion products were identified as the \nmajority of local aerosols, while sea salt as long range transported one.
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TRACERS OF ANTHROPOGENIC AND BIOGENIC SOURCES OF ORGANIC AEROSOL IN THE PM1 FRACTION AT THE KOŠETICE BACKGROUND STATION
Vodička, Petr ; Kawamura, K. ; Deshmukh, D.K. ; Pokorná, Petra ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír
In this study, we have examined in detail the seasonal changes in the concentration of sugars, dicarboxylic acids and their oxidation precursors in fine aerosol at a rural Central European background site. The aim of the study was to identify typical tracers for different sources of organic aerosol and to determine their contributions to organic PM1.We found a clear difference between winter and summer PM1 aerosol composition at the molecular level. Subsequently, we identified two biogenic factors (dominant in summer), two anthropogenic factors (major contribution in winter) and one background factor.\nMore details could be found in Vodička et. al (2023).
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SUBMICRON AEROSOL AT TWO URBAN STATIONS IN PRAGUE
Pokorná, Petra ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Vodička, Petr ; Lhotka, Radek ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Hopke, P.
The aim of this work was to determine the submicron aerosol dynamics, chemical compositions, and origins at two sites in Prague based on the particle number size distribution (PNSD) and chemical composition of 2/12/24h atmospheric aerosol samples (PM1) collected in parallel for half-year/within two seasons at two urban sites (suburban – Suchdol and traffic – Vršovice). Chemical analysis of PM1 for carbon (elemental, equivalent black – eBC and organic) by thermo-optical method and for water-soluble inorganic ions by IC was performed. For most months, both number and mass median \nconcentrations based on the SMPS data differed. Higher eBC concentrations were measured in Vršovice however eBC concentrations showed good correlation (r=0.80, yintercept=0) at the two stations. Higher average PM1 at the traffic site in summer and at the suburban site in winter, and seasonal differences in ionic PM1 composition reflected the seasonality of the local sources. Nevertheless, there were no statistically significant differences in PM1 concentration and ionic composition between the sites.
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HIGHLY-TIME RESOLVED ELEMENTAL SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF PM2.5 AT AN URBAN TRAFFIC SITE IN PRAGUE
Windell, Laurence Christian ; Pokorná, Petra ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Lhotka, Radek ; Vodička, Petr ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Hopke, P.K. ; Ždímal, Vladimír
This work aims to quantify metal emissions from traffic at an urban traffic site in Prague, Czech Republic, identify key tracers of emissions, and investigate exhaust and non-exhaust emissions observable in fine particulate matter (PM2.5). This project signifies the first high-time resolution elemental analysis of Prague aerosols.
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