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Instruments of environmental protection in Czech law
Peroutka, Milan ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Humlíčková, Petra (referee)
This thesis is concerned on topic Instruments of environmental protection in Czech law. It exists a lot of instruments of environmental protection, which are connected with law in some way. This thesis is concentrated on the most important a most widely used. The first chapter presents an brief introduction to the issue, it deals with general environmental protection, categorisation of instruments and with environmental protection on international and European level. The second chapter deals with conceptual instruments, which includes different policies, plans, programs, projects and other documents that constitute the conditions for the functioning of other categories of instruments. In this chapter is purpose, categorisation and way of creation of conceptual instruments described. It includes examples of conceptual instruments in Czech law as well. The third chapter covers administrative instruments. It is the oldest and most widely used category of instruments of environmental protection. They are mainly represented by general legal rules and individual administrative acts. This category also contains standards, categorisation, inspection and eco-legal liability. The fourth chapter is focused on economic instruments. The aim of it is to motivate subject to behave ecologicaly. The motivation is...
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Public participation in selected procedures according to Building Act relating to the environment
Jaroš, Jan ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
Public participation in selected procedures according to Building Act relating to the environment Summary The object of the thesis is to point out to the issue of inequality of rights of individual and rights of civil associations in planning and building procedure relating to the environment. The decisions resulting from the relevant administrative procedures could significantly affect visual aspects and quality of our environment therefore the public participation in these proceedings and decision-making process is one of the most important means for the public to influence their surroundings in terms of environmental protection. Yet the participation in relevant proceedings is not always expressly permitted by the law. The thesis could be categorized into four main content parts that are subsequently divided into separate sections and subsections. In the first part consisting of three main sections the thesis is focused on definition of the analyzed topic, general regulation of the relevant administrative procedures, the issue of civil associations and the process of its incorporation according to effective and adopted laws. The second part analyzes one of the fundamental topics of the thesis, i.e. the possibility of public participation in planning procedure. The thesis separately concerns with the...
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Environmentaly induced migration
Dvorská, Eliška ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Snopková, Tereza (referee)
Many people worldwide are forced to leave their homes because of serious degradation of environmental conditions, natural disasters and depletion of natural resources. Growing impacts of climate change and global warming on the environment and human mobility are becoming increasingly worrying, creating a need for protection of those environmentally displaced persons. Although there has been a great attention paid to this phenomenon, the category of so-called "environmental refugees" still continues unrecognized by the international community. The paper examines the circumstances under which environmental migration occurs, its causes and consequences. It deals with state obligations rising from the international environmental law, especially those related to climate change. It deals with the terminology related to the environmentally displaced persons, such as environmental migrants, environmental refugees or environmentally displaced persons. It presents their classification and defines the key terms. The paper also mentions cases of environmental migration in the world and their possible solution, highlighting the need for prevention and adaptation. Most of the paper is dedicated to the analysis of the legal status and rights of environmentally displaced persons. The paper analyses the...
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Czech nuclear law
Holíková, Lucie ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Humlíčková, Petra (referee)
IN ENGLISH Atomic Law deals with the modern phenomenon of atomic energy and is constantly evolving. This thesis deals with the Czech atomic law. Given the seriousness of the issues in nuclear safety and radiation treatment is Czech law very consistent with the international and European level, as this work takes into account and includes. Due to a number of technical terms , which are necessary to work with, some of the terms are defined in the introduction of this thesis. These are the most common and very basic concepts, such as: "nuclear energy", "ionizing and non-ionizing - radiation"and also "atomic law". The thesis also covers some aspects of atomic energy in terms of the potential benefits and risks that come with its use entails. Furthermore, it pays attention to the legislation itself. Firstly from the perspective of international law and European Union law, which have a major influence on national legislation . Afterwards some of the basic regulatory objectives, nuclear law and most general and special legal principles applied in this area are described. The following is a brief overview of nuclear law in the Czech Republic together with Chapter dealing with in the activities and organizations of the State Office for nuclear safety , as the central authority in the field of peaceful use of...
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Protection against noise and vibrations from the legal point of view
Fišar, Vladimír ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Humlíčková, Petra (referee)
(English) The purpose of my thesis is to analyse possibilities provided by current legislation to protect individuals against negative effects caused by exessive noise and vibration. The reason for my research is that at the beginning of the new century noise and vibration became one of the most dangerous sources able to threaten or even demage men's health and environment. The thesis is composed of six chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of noise and vibration. There is always a short summary at the end of each chapter. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic terminology used in the thesis: sound, noise and vibration. The chapter is subdivided into five parts. Part One explains the physical and legal meaning of noise and vibration. Part Two describes the main sources of exessive noise and vibration. Part Three analysis negative effects on human health. Part Four compares noise and vibration protection measures. Part Five mentions the mostly used environmental legal instruments. Chapter Two examines international legislation concerning noise and vibration. The chapter consists of two parts. Part One focuses on documents issued by WHO. Part Two deals with activties of ILO. Chapter Three is subdivided into six parts and provides an outline of European Union law. Part One...
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The community and protection of the environment from the legal point of view
Černý, Jan ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Snopková, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse position and possibilities of a municipality in the Czech Republic in the field of environmental protection. The thesis is divided into six basic parts. The Introduction briefly illustrates the importance of municipalities and explains the system of this thesis. Chapter One deals with the environment, especially with its protection under the Czech constitutional law. Municipalities and their bodies are characterised in Chapter Two. The next chapter describes the town and country planning and examples of bylaws issued by a municipality within its separate power in order to protect the environment. Chapter Four introduces the legal instruments which can be used by a municipality in environmental protection within delegated power. In the Conclusion, the author draws attention on several problems connected with participation of municipalities in environmental protection, nevertheless he highlights that municipalities play an unquestionable role in this field.
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Legal protection of the sea against pollution
Topinková, Markéta ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
Legal protection of the sea against pollution Mgr. Ing. Markéta Topinková LL.M. Sources and risk factors of marine pollution, such as sea transport and other human activities on seabed and land, are analysed in this thesis, followed by a thorough exploration of instruments and resources available to fight each source and risk factor of pollution. The thesis is focused on critical evaluation and potential improvements of existing legal instruments and desirable introduction of new instruments. The origin and development of the existing most important legal instruments is assessed, they are further compared and their contributions as well as shortcomings are analysed and suggestions offered for their further improvement, while appraising their gradual development and improvement of their efficiency and enforcement especially in the past decades. Following the analysis and comparison of international conventions, EU law and US national law, the approach of the Czech Republic as an inland state towards problem of marine pollution is also critically assessed and its national legislation evaluated. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Regulation of genetically modified organisms and nanotechnology : (comparison of British, Czech and Slovak legislation in the context of EU)
Zemaník, Vladimír ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
Regulation of genetically modified organisms and nanotechnology (comparison of British, Czech and Slovak legislation in the context of EU) The aim of this thesis is to first compare the british, czech and slovak legislation relating to genetically modified organisms. By the analysis of their respective features, the author points out the difficult bits and tries to look for the ideal solutions to the current problems of the european GM legislation. In spite of the fact, that the european legislation in this field is highly harmonised, there are still some areas that can be regulated by the member states as well as some holes waiting to be fixed. This thesis is composed of six main chapters which correspond to six main topics of present biotechnology legislation that are in the author's opinion the most significant. First chapter deals with the basic issues of releases of genetically modified organisms into the environment, on market, and with their contained use. Secondly, the author dissects the GM labelling and traceability legislation and shows the various thresholds of GM presence that are applicable to different areas. Third chapter then analyses the rules on co-existence between GM plants on one hand and conventional and organic plants on the other. Nextly, the unilateral acts of member...
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International legal conservation of cetaceans
Sashko, Alisa ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
The thesis is written on the topic of International Legal Conservation of Cetaceans and captures important legal questions in maintaining the status of cetaceans in order to maintain their population. The work examines the sources of international law in the conservation of cetaceans both global and regional levels, which usually arise the respective commitments of the international charakter to the Czech Republic.
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