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Influence of rock glaciers on hydrological regime
Lencová, Kateřina ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Falátková, Kristýna (referee)
Within this work, a literary research was performed on the topic of rock glaciers and their influence on river runoff. Rock glacier are features typical for high-mountain periglacial environment. Through the accumulation of part of the flowing glacial water, they significantly affect the timing and quantity of watershed discharge. In addition, stone glaciers preserve significant volumes of water in the form of buried ice, the gradual melting of which regulates river runoff, especially in the dry seasons. A physical- geographical characteristics of the Ala Archa river basin was performed and supplemented by a more detailed climatological characteristic of the study area based on the own processing of meteorological data from the Adygine meteorological station. The purpose of this work was to assess the impact of rock glaciers in the basin of eight selected rivers, which drain the Kyrgyz and Kungej Alatau, on their hydrological regime. It was found that the presence of rock glaciers in the monitored basins affects the runoff regime of these rivers, especially by reducing the differences between their June and July runoffs. Key words: rock glacier, hydrological regime, Tien Shan
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Classification of glacial lakes and methods of inventory
Pisarčíková, Alexandra ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
Classification of glacial lakes and methods of inventory Abstract: Classification of glacial lakes has its application all around the world. However, there is no unified system of typology that would make it possible to simplify and increase the effectivity of labour inventory. The thesis is dedicated to creation an overview of the definitions of glacial lake divided by euro-atlantic and asian literature and its resulting evaluation. The inventory of glacial lakes is closely connected to their classification. Therefore, the work subsequently presents individual methods that lead to the creation of a lake inventory. The basis of the creation of a design of the classification system is the research from already created glacial lakes classifications and analysis by which typology can be created. Overall, the classification of the lakes is divided into two main groups: by position to glacier or relief and according to the type of dam. Furthermore, 280 glacial lakes were analysed based on the inventory table in an interest area. On the basis of a created classification design, most of the lakes were classified under the inventory, thereby confirming its used application. Keywords: glacial lake, typology, classification, inventory, RS
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Hydromorphological survey as a basis for restoration measures of streams in urban areas
Jonáš, Miroslav ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with hydromorphological survey using the HEM methodology (Langhammer, Hartvich 2014) and its application to the backbone streams of the Bouřlivec catchment. The aim is to determine the extent of anthropogenic modifications on these streams and their subsequent classification according to the corresponding classes of hydromorphological quality. In summary, 28,107 km of watercourses were mapped by field monitoring, which were divided into 101 morphologically unique sections. Each section was assigned a hydromorphological quality class according to the calculated hydromorphological status. In only 4,28 % of these sections, a state close to nature was stated. The remaining 95,72 % of sections show signs of anthropogenic modifications, which are evident especially in sections intersecting urban areas of towns and municipalities. The highest rate of anthropogenic modifications was identified in a total of 1,02 % of sections, which were assigned the worst class of hydromorphological quality. The sections that can be assessed as significantly modified make up to 18,24 % of the mapped area and the moderately modified sections cover 29,57 % of the area of interest. The final comparison of the two investigated streams clearly shows that the Loučenský brook significantly exceeds Bouřlivec,...
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Hydrological drought in the upper Mže catchment area
Lukášová, Karolína ; Janský, Bohumír (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
Nowadays drought is a very actual topic. Hydrological drought is most often caused by a deficit of precipitation and it has been missing almost one year of rain in some areas in Czechia. This bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of this type of drought in the upper Mže River basin, which is located in West Bohemia. In the basin there are these five gauging stations: VD Lučina and Stříbro on the Mže River, Planá on Hamerský brook, Třebel on Kosový brook and Stříbro on the Úhlavka River. The theoretical part defines the area of interest in terms of physiographic and runoff conditions. Furthermore, a research of the current knowledge about drought, its causes and impacts is performed. The practical part follows with the analysis, using data of the average daily discharges from gauging stations and two methods - threshold limit method and deficit volumes. Results are based on a mutual comparison of the stations and hydrological years. The biggest drought on the Mže River was registred in the period 1934-1935, since 1970s natural discharges were improved due to the built dam. The period 2018-2019 can be considered as driest years for the whole river basin. Key words: upper Mže River basin, hydrological drought, runoff, precipitation, physiographic conditions
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Hydrological and suspended load regime of the Odlezelské Lake
Hulec, Filip ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kliment, Zdeněk (referee)
The Odlezelské Lake is a natural, landslide-dammed lake in western Bohemia. Its lake basin is silting intensely and its volume decreases; it will be completely silted in the future. This work aims to evaluate the siltation of the lake primarily by evaluating the suspended load regime of its tributaries and comparison with data from bathymetric measurements. Within this work, data from the station network of the Department of Physical Geography of the Faculty of Science of the Charles University were used, which was statistically processed in order to describe the hydrological and suspended load regime. In addition, flow speeds in the inflow part of the lake were measured during two precipitation-runoff events using ADCP. The results show that most of the suspended load is transported during flood episodes, in contrast to the runoff, there is a significant interannual variability in the suspended load regime. Oppositely, the comparison of the suspended load regime and the bathymetric data proved as impossible due to a high sensitivity of the data.
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Siltation of the Újezd water reservoir
Kebertová, Daniela ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Chalupová, Dagmar (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the siltation of water bodies. In April 2020 the first accurate and detailed bathymetric survey of the Újezd water reservoir was conducted using an ADCP RiverSurveyor M9. The aim of the measurement was to determine volume of the reservoir after 39 years since its construction. The obtained data was processed in ArcMap 10.7.1 using the kriging method of interpolation. Based on it a new bathymetric map of current state of the reservoir was created. For the sake of understanding the causes of siltation, a complex physical-geographic characteristics of the upper stream basin of Bílina river, on which the Újezd water reservoir is situated, had been done. The river basin is fundamentally anthropogenically influenced by water supply system and mining activities. The volume of the reservoir at a water surface area of 117.20 ha was shown to be 4718364 m3 , 1.63% larger, compared to the values 4642640 m3 and 120.75 ha presented in the management manual for the waterwork. The volumes are comparable which indicates that there is no significant amount of siltation and the reservoir became a naturally functional and sustainable ecosystem.
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Hazard evaluation from GLOFs in the Cordillera Huayhuash
Baťka, Jan ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
Hazard evaluation from GLOFs in the Cordillera Huayhuash Abstract: Proglacial lakes in high-mountain regions recently experienced dynamic development related to the ongoing climatic changes. Most of the mountain ranges were widely studied with respect to hazards posed by proglacial lakes. However, the Peruvian Cordillera Huayhuash was omitted by any research of this type so far. In this thesis first, the author develops and assesses the inventory of glacial lakes in the Cordillera Huayhuash, and second, evaluates the hazard from GLOFs. After a thorough discussion and comparison to other world's major mountain ranges, significant conclusions are made. Most of the characteristics of the lakes in the Cordillera Huayhuash are influenced by a local factor - fluvial erosion that has occurred since the last glacial maximum. Nevertheless, general principles such as the statistical distribution of lakes according to their elevation that are valid to other compared regions may still be identified based on the data. Lakes of the Cordillera Huayhuash generally pose minor or even no GLOF hazard, the few exceptions were further analyzed in detail. Key words: geomorphology, GLOF, lake inventory, natural hazards, Peru
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Changes in extremity and seasonality of floods in the Zdobnice River basin
Čermák, Daniel ; Langhammer, Jakub (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
The object of the bachelor thesis is to analyze the change of extremity and seasonality of floods in the Zdobnice basin. The literary research comprehensively presents floods with description of the biggest historical floods in the Czechia and in the Zdobnice basin. The literary research also includes the physical-geographical characteristic of the studied area. The practical part is based on the daily flow data analysis, obtained from CHMI (Czech Hydrometeorological Institute). Runoff analysis is performed on the base of these data, with focus on extreme flows. To compare the seasonality change, data series is divided into two periods (1945-1969 and 1970-2014), which point of change was determined by Pettit's and Buishand's homogeneity test. Seasonality change is compared by directional statistics, polar graphs, curves of cumulative frequency and flood index. As a result of these methods, it is found that in the second period, the flood risk is greater in earlier parts of the year. It has been also found, that there are more flood events in July. Key words: Floods, discharge, hydrological extremes, historical floods, seasonality, Zdobnice
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The natural environment of the planet Venus
Dergunova, Alexandra ; Kalvoda, Jan (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
In the paper the current state of knowledge about the natural environment of planet Venus is described. The present state of affairs was determined by studies and evaluation of available data in specialized publications. The aims of presented bachelor thesis are in description of the planet as a whole, its atmosphere, landforms and internal structure. Special attention is attended to morphography of the Venus surface with an intention to characterize the main morphostructural landforms and related types of relief- forming processes. The physical and chemical processes operated in partial spheres of the planet substantially determinate the evolution of its landforms. Morphographical arrangement of landforms on the Venus is documented by a global topographic map and by groups of selected remote sensing images of the planetary surface. The current state of knowledge of the Venus topography can already be used to systematical investigation of the origin and intensity of landform changes, namely during the long-term development of its lithospherical crust by endogenous processes. Documentation of these morphogenetic processes and phenomena in up to the present published results of space missions was a stimulus for the proposal of morphostructural interpretation of main types of the Venus landforms....
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Hydrological drought on the Lužnice River in 2018
Junková, Anna ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Matoušková, Milada (referee)
This bachelor's thesis elaborates on hydrological draught on Lužnice river at 2018. First part is focused on literary research on draught types, causes and impacts. Following chapter evaluates hydrological draught in Czechia between 2014 and 2018. This research serves as a resource for the main part of the thesis, which deals with hydrological draught on Lužnice river at 2018. Computations are based on threshold level concept and deficit volumes methods. Analysis is performed on the basis of data series from limnigraphic stations Pilař and Bechyně. These profiles are compared for the purpose of determining differences. The results of the work show that the hydrological year 2018 on Lužnice river was very important year in modern history in terms of drought. Key words: hydrological drought 2018, deficit volumes, threshold level, Lužnice river
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