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Influence of hydration accelerators on zinc - doped cement mortars
Beneš, Pavel ; Šilerová, Iva (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
This work deals with monitoring the hydration of cement mortars and cement pastes made from CEM I 42.5 R cement doped with zinc oxide in an amount of 1 % wt. To eliminate the delay in the onset of hydration due to the presence of zinc oxide, the following accelerators were added to the cement mixtures in different proportions: calcium oxide, formic acids and calcium formate. Hydration was monitored using isoperibolic calorimetry. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of mixtures were investigated, namely the tensile strength after bending and the compressive strength after 7 days and after 28 days. The cement mortars were further subjected to additional analyses, such as porosimetry, DTA/TG and SEM.
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Influence of calcium sulphate type on hydration of Portland cement
Šimčíková, Ivana ; Šiler, Pavel (referee) ; Šoukal, František (advisor)
My bachelor thesis deals with the study of the influence of calcium sulphate types on the hydration of Portland cement. Hydration is performed at 15 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C. In the theoretical part we find a description of the hydration of Portland cement and the influence of the type and amount of gypsum on the hydration period. The experimental part contains the preparation of samples for measurement and the principle of calorimetry including a description of the calorimetric curve. The data obtained from the calorimetric curve was processed into ternary diagrams for illustration. The diagrams show that the more calcium sulphate is soluble, the shorter the induction period, the times of reaching the minimum heat flow and heat flow at the maximum silicate peak will have. Further, the diagrams showed that as the amount of water in sulphate increases, so does the amount of hydration heat released.
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Influence of ettringite formation on mechanical properties of zinc doped cements.
Kunovský, Ondřej ; Matějka, Lukáš (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of the effect of hydration accelerators in cement pastes doped with zinc ions. Their influence on hydration reactions, mechanical properties and the amount of ettringite formed was studied. CEM I 42.5 R cement was used and zinc was added in the form of ZnO in an amount of 1 wt. % of Zn relative to cement content. Strengths were measured over a time horizon of 98 days. In addition, analyzes by SEM, XRD and DTA methods were performed on selected samples to determine the amount of ettringite. It has been found that compressive strengths can also decrease during hydration. At this decrease, SEM, XRD and DTA showed a reduction in the amount of ettringite in the sample.
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Influence of zinc on mechanical properties of cement composites
Štarha, Tomáš ; Šilerová,, Iva (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
The theme of this bachelor thesis is to monitor the effect of zinc on mechanical properties of portland cement. Zinc was tested in the form of zinc oxide. Three acceleration additives were added, calcium oxide, formic acid and calcium formate in various proportions. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of all these mixtures were monitored by measuring flexural strength and compressive strength at 7 and 28 days after mixing and mixtures were analyzed by XRD and DTA. Also using isoperibolic calorimetry, the hydration of CEM 42.5 R cement zinc oxide was monitored.
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The influence of hydration accelerators on cement doped with zinc
Beneš, Pavel ; Šilerová,, Iva (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
Zinc in cement has negative properties mainly due to a significant delay in hydration. This bachelor thesis deals with the study of hydration of cements containing zinc. The course of cement hydration was monitored by isoperibolic calorimetry. Zinc was doped to CEM I 42.5 R in the form of 1 weight percent zinc oxide. Calcium oxide, formic acid and calcium formate were used in various proportions as accelerators. The obtained results were compared with the measured strengths and finally the suitability of the given accelerators was discussed for use in construction application.
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Preparation of yttrium based chemically bounded phosphate ceramics
Uher, Samuel ; Šiler, Pavel (referee) ; Švec, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis is focused first on the research of literature on the topic of phosphate ceramics and then on the search for a suitable synthesis of phosphate binder based on Y2O3-P2O5-H2O and characterization of the resulting products. Various types of syntheses were prepared with subsequent characterization of the phase and chemical composition of the final products. The samples were measured on an electron microscope to determine their surface morphology and also element maps were obtained. The samples were also analyzed by heat microscopy to determine the temperature behavior of the samples. After measurement on a heat microscope, the samples were measured again on an electron microscope, in order to detect changes caused by the action of high temperatures, in particular to assess the presence of binder or sintered phases.
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The study of the refractory concrete binding system based on phosphoric acid and aluminous cement
Pavlík, Tomáš ; Švec, Jiří (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis deals with refractory concrete binding system based on aluminous cement and phosphoric acid. The prepared refractory concretes were fired at 1 000 °C. Various effects on compressive strength of refractory concrete were studied. The influence of aluminous cement content and phosphoric acid content, the influence of various admixtures, the influence of plasticizers and the influence of time and method of sample storage were studied. Simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis of the basic unfired sample were performed. Finally, selected refractory concretes were fired at 110, 200, 400, 600, 800, 900, 1 000 and 1 100 °C. The compressive strength of these samples was measured and powder X ray diffraction analysis was performed. The compressive strength of refractory concretes under intermediate temperatures (800–1 100 °C) was most increased in samples with metakaolin and gray microsilica.
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The study of zinc influence on Portland cement hydration.
Ptáček, Martin ; Janča, Martin (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
The topic of this work is the monitoring of the effect of zinc on the hydration process in Portland mixed cement (specifically with the addition of finely ground granulated blast-furnace slag, high temperature fly ash and fluidized bed combustion filter ash). How much zinc and at what time it remains in the pore solution during hydration. Activation energy of a mixture of cement with zinc in the form of soluble salts (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and ZnCl2) and insoluble oxide (ZnO) by isothermal calorimetry was also investigated. The XRF method has shown composition during hydration. The zinc retardation effect was investigated by isothermal calorimetry and activation energy was calculated using this method. The XRF and ICP-OES methods were used to measure the zinc content of the pore solution. And the amount of portlandite was monitored by the DTA and XRF method.
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The influence of grinding on the limestone properties
Pavlík, Tomáš ; Bednárek, Jan (referee) ; Šiler, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with dry limestone grinding in the vibratory mill and ball mill. Three different limestone samples were used for milling. Samples were ground in the mills without the addition of surfactants. Several methods of grinding were performed in the vibratory mill. At first, the same weight of limestone samples was ground for different grinding time without any interruption except for one case of grinding with breaks for cooling off the grinding tablet. Another method was grinding of different weights of the same sample. The last one used the same weight of different samples. In the ball mill, sample of one type of limestone was ground for various milling time. The particle size, shape of particles, phase composition and crystallite size were studied for the ground samples. Sieve analysis, laser diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis were used to determine these properties. For each mill, the amount of energy consumed for limestone grinding was calculated.
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Changes in some physical properties of the aqueous suspension of corundum powder during ultrafine grinding
Šuleková, Nikola ; Šiler, Pavel (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the study of changes in properties of the aqueous suspensions of corundum during ultrafine grinding without and with the addition of grinding activator. Such studies are an important step in optimizing the grinding process properly, because by measuring physical properties of a particulate substance, it is easy to determine the actual fineness of the ground substance and its quality for further processing. For the measurement of granulometry, zeta potential, rheological behavior and turbidity, corundum suspensions in distilled water were prepared in a 1:5 ratio without the addition of grinding activator and with the addition of triethanolamine (TEA), by using a planetary mill. The suspensions showed pseudoplastic behavior and the zeta potential of all samples ranged between -30 and 30 mV, thus the suspensions were rather unstable. During the grinding, the viscosity and turbidity of the samples increased. TEA was not proved to be a suitable activator for wet milling of corundum because of higher degree of fineness achieved during milling without an activator.
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