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The influence of migration on population projections
Navrátilová, Pavla ; Čermáková, Klára (advisor) ; Rod, Aleš (referee)
This work deals with the question of migration in connection with demographic changes. We can hear, that the migration can be one of the possible solutions to these changes. The aim of this work was to determine whether migration can replace gaps in fertility and contribute to maintaining the existing social system. I tried to find answer through the index of economic burden and the age index. Czech Statistical Office (CSO) calculates projections in three ways and each of them involves a different level of migration. I consider migration as a very difficult estimated value, therefore I calculated own projection without it. It turned out, that the outcome was impressed with the constant parameters, which I chose for my projection. Czech Statistical Office then gave me the projection without migration parameters and with variable values for each region. After converting to the whole country, the indexes indicated a slight deterioration in comparison with projection from CSO including migration. The migration in itself does not lead to deterioration of indexes. Conversely, if migration will be excluded from the calculation, indexes will be slightly worse. This only slight deterioration predicates, that the migration is not real solution to the demographic problems.
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Assessing the influence of sickness benefits on worker absenteeism: An empirical analysis based on panel data
Kureková, Lucie ; Čermáková, Klára (advisor) ; Chytilová, Helena (referee)
The influence of economic variables on the probability of being absent was analyzed using longitudinal data on work absence behaviour for each day during 2006 and 2009. Panel data contain everyday information about work attendance of each employee working in the company in South Bohemia, the final sample has 43 800 observations. During the observed period, there were a number of reforms of the sickness insurance in the Czech Republic performed and such reforms affected primarily the replacement level of earnings and influenced the period guaranteeing sickness benefits for an employee. The method used by Johansson and Palme (2002) has been followed. As them, I as well distinguish between the dynamic dependence varying in the fact whether the worker is in the work presence state or in the work absence state. Empirical results show that the worker's costs arising from being absent have a significant effect on work absence behaviour.
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Usage of Prague´s Malá Strana historical landmarks for art lectures at the higher levels of elementary schools
ČERMÁKOVÁ, Klára
The key topic of enclosed Diploma thesis is the project that was running at the higher level of the elementary school in Prague. The Project itself is supplied by the theoretical part, including description of pedagogic procedures used in the real life, history and finally includes the list of Malá Strana heritage sights used in my project. The final attachment includes my short project summary as well. The main objective of this Thesis is to support realization of art lectures at the elementary school. Diploma thesis doesn{\crq}t feel obligation to cover all issues connected with defined topic, but shows a direction, how to use our historical heritage for lectures at the elementary schools and hope will finally boost public attention in this matter too.
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Migration, crises and remittances
Vyhnalová, Kateřina ; Čermáková, Klára (advisor) ; Katreniaková, Dagmara (referee)
The aim of this thesis is found if there is a relationship between economic development of USA and the flow of remittance selected states. If remittance is influenced by economic development of USA, the flow of remittance will fall during financial. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that financial crisis influences more foreign workers than native workers. Rate of unemployment of immigrants is growing and because remittance probably will fall. The paper is underlaid by theories which explain origin and duration of imigration. Than I examine remittance and the impact of crisis on immigrants, the flow of immigrants and the flow of remittance. In the empirical part I choose states, on which I explore the relationship between the flow of remittance and economic development of USA.
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Residential market at a time of financial crisis
Žemličková, Helena ; Čermáková, Klára (advisor) ; Jaklín, Jiří (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the residential market of the Czech Republic and changes of housing construction at a time of financial crisis. Residential market can be affected not only by financial crisis, but also by other factors that are not influenced by economic recession. The work is firstly aimed at the change of value added tax law in 2008 and its possible impact on the number of completed dwellings. Supply and demand could be influenced not only by these changes but by uncertainty about future form of these changes, too. The second part of this work is aimed at possible impact of demographic structure on started housing construction. There are two time series that are correlated -- the number of inhabitants of the Czech Republic between the ages of 25 to 39 and the number of started dwellings. The results show that newly started housing construction is not depended on the number of inhabitants at determined age group in conditions of the Czech Republic. The conclusion of this thesis on terms of chosen assumptions and used statistical data is that the changing number of started dwellings cannot be caused by development in the demographic structure.
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U.S. monetary and fiscal policy since Great Depression to the present
Lochmanová, Kristýna ; Babin, Jan (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
In my bachelor's work I would like to focus on monetary and fiscal policy of the U.S. since the Great Depression to the present. My work will focus especially on three main topics. In the first part I will try to summarize the causes and consequences of the Great Depression, in another part I will pay attention to 1950s and 1960s in which the Keynesian theory prevailed. Finally I will try to find out if there are any common elements of the financial crisis in 1930s and of the current one. Seeing that I want to reveal the causes of the Great Depression, on which I will base my findings later, I will devote a few words to the characteristics of the golden era in the 1920s at the beginning of my work.
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Convergence of European economies in the context of global inequality
Kučerová, Michaela ; Čermáková, Klára (advisor) ; Kubíček, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the convergence of European economies in the context of the deepening global inequality in the world. The theoretical part discusses the concept of convergence and the basic theories of economic growth, explaining the convergence of economies to their steady state. This part also deals with global inequality. Different types of inequalities and methods of measurement are identified, with focus on external inequality measured by GDP per capita in purchasing power parity. The analytical part examines the development of gross domestic product of the analyzed economies. The regression analysis of beta convergence shows that the economies converge and that the inequality between them is decreasing. One part of the analytical section also clarifies the relationship between long-term growth and its determinants. The section is concluded with the regression analysis of dependence between the long-term growth and selected determinants. The analysis shows that the statistically significant main factors contributing to long-term growth in the analyzed economies are the level of investment, openness of the economy, and government capital expenditures. Foreign direct investment inflows are also an important determinant, but not statistically significant. On the other hand, long-term economic growth is negatively influenced by the rate of population growth.
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Antitrust policy and its impact on market participants
Havlíčková, Pavlína ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The objective of antitrust policy is to looking after/supervise on fair economic competition leading to price reductions, improving quality and expanding service offerings in the market. But antitrust performs its activities efficiently? Are its decisions under the protection of consumers or for the benefit of producers? Work will focus on the antitrust policy in the United States of America and in the Europe, especially on the merger case General Electric and Honeywell, which has been in the USA allowed, but in the EU prohibited. This work evaluates approaches to the merger on the both sides of Atlantic and arguments of the European Commission, that leads to prohibition. Finally, the work compares the US and the EU antitrust policy and mentions their USEU Merger Working Group, which should ensure higher cooperation, when they simultaneously review the same merger transaction.
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Correlation of the economic growth and consumption in the Czech Republic
Škorpil, Marek ; Čermáková, Klára (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
The topic of this work is the correlation of the economic growth and final consumption of households in the Czech Republic during the years 2000 - 2008. This work is concerned with the creation of income and consequent consumer behaviour of households. At the dawn of this period is possible to observe ambiguous trend of average propensity to consume (save) but from the 2004 the average propensity to consume (save) has declined (grown). The aim was to confirm the thesis that household derives its consumption not only from the income level, but also from the nominal interest rates. The presumption was not proved probably due to incorrect specification of the model. In this work, the relation between consumption and GDP is not tested directly, but by using the disposable income. On the basis of the successful testing of dependence between particular variables, this work tries to create a model of consumption dependent on the GDP and disposable income. Due to high collinearity between the independent variables, the presumption wasn't confirmed.
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Pension reform in ČR
Wachal, Ondřej ; Skopeček, Jan (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
My bachelor thesis is analyzing the current retirement system in The Czech republic. I attempt to analyze and examine its main problems, and to decide whether the system is sustainable concerning above all the demographic development in this country. The paper also suggests several alternative ways of financing retirement and it evaluates their applicability in the conditions of The Czech republic. The analysis of the specific retirement reform system proposed by the current government of The Czech republic follows. I also outline several different scenarios which could be implemented in case the suggested reform would not be carried out. The main goal of my bachelor thesis is to answer the question, whether a reform of the current retirement system is inevitable, together with presenting alternative ways to solve the problem of retirement system reform. The conslusion of my final paper consists of analysis of these alternative solutions and a suggestion of the most appropriate one for the conditions of The Czech republic.
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