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System of oxidative phosphorylation and methods for its functional analysis
Daňhelovská, Tereza ; Tesařová, Markéta (advisor) ; Míčová, Petra (referee)
The system of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is main and essential source of energy (ATP) in eukaryotic cells. It is complex process situated in the inner mitochondrial membrane in which 4 enzymes of the respiratory chain, 2 mobile carriers and the ATP synthase participate. Defect in any part of OXPHOS may lead to the mitochondrial disorders. An incidency of the mitochondrial disorders is estimated to be 1:5000 and mitochondrial disorders are the most common inherent metabolic diseases. Clinically, it is extremely heterogeneous group of disorders affecting primarily tissue with high energy demand, for example brain, hearth and muscle. With regard to broad spectrum of clinical symptoms and relatively poor genotype-phenotype correlation of mitochondrial genetic defects, it is preferred to perform complete laboratory diagnostic tests including several biochemical and molecular genetic approaches. This bachelor thesis summarizes actual information about mechanism of OXPHOS and describes three major approaches to detect its functionality. Three major approaches are: spectrophotometric measurement of individual OXPHOS enzyme activities, measuring capacity of the mitochondrial energy generating system using various radioactive labeled substrates and measuring of oxygen consumption by polarography. To...
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Genetické příčiny deficitu cytochrom c oxidázy u dětí
Vondráčková, Alžběta ; Tesařová, Markéta (advisor) ; Brdička, Radim (referee) ; Procházková, Dagmar (referee)
Mitochondria are the key source of vital ATP molecules, which are largely produced within cells by a system of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Genetic defects affecting any of the components of the oxidative phosphorylation system or the structure and function of mitochondria lead to mitochondrial disorders, which occur at an incidence rate of 1 in 5000 live births. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme and electron acceptor of a respiratory chain that catalyses oxygen to produce a water molecule. In addition to complex I deficiency, isolated or combined COX deficiency is the most common respiratory chain defect in paediatric patients, and it can arise from mutations located either in mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes encoding the structural subunits or corresponding assembly factors of the enzyme complex. However, the molecular basis of COX deficiency remains elusive in many patients despite advances in the identification of an increasing number of mutations and genes involved in the disease. This thesis focuses on the identification of the genetic causes of mitochondrial diseases in a cohort of 60 unrelated Czech children with clinically and laboratory confirmed COX-deficiency. With the use of a high-resolution melting analysis mutation screen, four heterozygous sequence...
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Human F1Fo-ATPsynthase deficiency
Suldovská, Sabina ; Tesařová, Markéta (advisor) ; Černá, Leona (referee)
F1FO-ATPsynthase is a key enzyme in energy metabolism of the cell. Its deficit is caused usually by mutations in two structural genes MT-ATP6 and MT-ATP8 encoded by the mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes ATPAF2 and TMEM70 encoding the biogenesis factors and structural gene ATP5E. Deficiency of the F1FO-ATPsynthase leads to progressive and serious phenotype affecting organs with high energy demands. The first symptoms usually occurs in neonatal age and prognosis of the disease is fatal. Mutations in these genes result in both qualitative and quantitative defects of the F1FO-ATPsynthase. The study of molecular bases of mitochondrial disorders including F1FO-ATPsynthase deficiency uses large number of biochemical and molecular-genetic methods to determine a proper diagnosis which is essential for the symptomatic therapy and genetic counselling in affected families. The aim of the diploma thesis was to characterise the F1FO-ATPsynthase deficiency in isolated mitochondria from the lines of cultured cells by the determination oligomycin- sensitive ATP-hydrolytic activity of the F1FO-ATPsynthase, enzymatic activities of the respiratory chain complexes and to analyse changes in the steady-state levels of the representative subunits and whole complex of the F1FO-ATPsynthase in comparison with controls. 3...
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Job performance
Tesařová, Markéta ; Kopecký, Martin (referee) ; Kocianová, Renata (advisor)
The goal of diploma thesis is to outline possible connections to job performance and to prove that the job performance issue is more and more actual and over and over discussed in business circles and also among HR managers and firm owners. Job performance management should be always placed in the middle of their concern. Because of permanent changes in business environment where organizations must face the competition managers should make an effort to implement evaluation system and performance appraisal system to be able together with their employees to reach competitive advantage and beet the competition. The diploma thesis introduces three most important processes connected with job performance - job performance management, job performance monitoring and job performance rating. Reasons of less than successful performance and remuneration possibilities are discussed furthmore.
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Monitoring jakosti vody toku Rokytná
Tesařová, Markéta
The thesis is concerned with the monitoring of water quality in the river Rokytná. The aim of the work is to ascertain the quality of the water in the river. The river was measured regularly from March 2014 to January 2015 for selected indicators while water samples were also collected. The indicators measured in field include electrolytic conductivity, dissolved oxygen, reactions and water temperature. The indicators of nitrate nitrogen, sulphates and total phosphorus were evaluated in laboratory. The thesis describes questions concerning water, water types and the quality of surface water. It also provides the characteristics of the monitored river Rokytná and the description of the work methodology. The results of the measurements were compared with the technical norm ČSN 75 7221 and with the government regulation no. 61/2003.
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X-ray computed tomography of cartilage tissue of embryos
Tesařová, Markéta ; Křivánek,, Jan (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
Research of the cartilage is standardly realized by optical microscopy on histological slices. However, for better understanding of shape-organizing processes, imaging in 3D is required. This thesis deals with X-ray computed tomography of mouse embryos. Specifically, it focuses on visualization of craniofacial cartilage. The thesis summarizes the basic principles of X-ray computed tomography. Short research study dealing with staining of soft tissues for X-ray is also provided. The procedure of implementation of the tomographic measurement of mouse embryos stained by PTA is described. This procedure includes the staining protocol, fixing the sample and setting of the CT machine. Subsequent segmentation and creating of a 3D model of cartilage is also desribed. Results for every step of this procedure are demonstrated at the mouse embryos of developmental stage from 12.5 to 17.5 days. In order to improve data quality and standardization of the whole process, parameters of X-ray tube and temperature conditions during the tomographic measurement are explored. Finally, resulting models of craniofacial cartilage are shown with the possibility of subsequent analysis.
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KPMG – a healthy workplace
Tesařová, Markéta ; Plášková, Alena (advisor) ; Pivoňka, Jan (referee)
Man sacrifices his health in order to make money. Then he sacrifices money to recuperate his health. (Dalajláma) The wealth of business depends on the health of workers. (Dr Maria Neira, Director, Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization) The aim of the thesis on the topic "KPMG -- a healthy workplace" is to analyze the current state of KPMG as the Company supporting health. The thesis suggest changes to be improved in the future - and a long-term strategic plan. Using the method of analysis of the state were discussed several factors that affect the health of employees in the workplace. The author of the thesis advanced in the analysis through the "Quality Criteria for Healthy Workplace," which were created by the National Health Institute for the title of Health Promoting Enterprise. In conclusion of the thesis the author proposes a health promotion plan (Health Plan) and submits the possible path KPMG might take if it seeks to establish a clear Health Plan which could become a fixed part of the enterprise's business goals and values.
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