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Attitudes of oncologists in the Czech Republic to the treatment of cancers with cannabis as a supplement to classical care
Žočková, Adéla ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Minařík, Gabriela (referee)
Background: Oncology is a vital field in modern medicine due to the high incidence of malignant neoplasms in society today. Cancers and their treatment are often accompanied by a myriad of unpleasant symptoms that make the patient's life miserable. Cannabis has helped treat many diseases for centuries as it contains a number of substances, including well-known cannabidiol (CBD) and psychoactive tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Cannabis is also often used recreationally and is classed as an addictive drug. However, aside from addiction, it is also ascribed positive therapeutic effects in the treatment of cancer, where it helps alleviate the side effects of treatment or the symptoms of the disease itself. Nevertheless, it is still used sparingly by Czech oncologists. Objectives: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to map the position of oncologists in the Czech Republic on cannabis and their awareness of the treatment of cancer with cannabis as a supplement to conventional care. The research also focuses on current trends in the prescription of cannabis and especially the importance of its addictive potential in cancer treatment. Methods: Data was collected using a qualitative method of non-probability sampling. The information was obtained through semi-structured interviews. Six doctors specialising in...
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The abuse of sedatives and hypnotics from the user's perspective
Rokosová, Kateřina ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Background: Sedatives and hypnotics are substances to calm or relieve anxiety and to induce sleep. Long term prescription of benzodiazepines/Z-drugs may lead to the development of tolerance and the need to increase the dose. It is important to be aware of the risks of uncontrolled use of these drugs, such as harmful interactions with other substances, side effects and potential for abuse or addiction. Aim: The aim of this research was to describe abuse of sedatives and hypnotics from the user's perspective, to focus on circumstances leading to drug abuse, to describe beginning and course of the use of these drugs and self-awareness of the problem. The aim was also to describe the current state of users and their needs. Sample: The research sample consisted of 6 participants, of which 4 women and 2 men currently or recently using sedatives and hypnotics (specifically benzodiazepines/Z-drugs). Methods: Data were collected through a qualitative approach using a semi-structured interview. Interviews were conducted, rewritten into protocol summary, further analysed using thematic analysis, modified using open and axial coding and categorization methods. Results: Respondents may have misused sedatives and hypnotics to self-medicate symptoms. These drugs were prescribed for the first time with...
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Qualitative analysis of the experience and evaluation of the recovery process of users of addictive substances with schizophrenic disorders
Blažíčková, Eliška ; Kalina, Kamil (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
This work deals with the issue of dual diagnosis, namely patients with schizophrenic disease who are addicted to drugs and their view of the anxiety process. Theoretical background research is devoted to schizophrenic disease, addictive disorders and specifics in the treatment of patients with dual diagnosis. The aim of this research was to find out how users of addictive substances with a schizophrenic circuit disorder evaluate and experience the process of their anxiety. To create the above goal, I set the main research question, concretized by three sub- questions: (1) How do drug users with schizophrenic disorders assess and experience the process of their anxiety? (1.1.) "How do drug users with schizophrenic disorders have insight into their difficulties in treatment?" (1.2.) "How the level of these difficulties changed before the end of treatment"? (1.3.) "What aspects of recovery do these patients consider important?" The research set was selected by methods of improbable purpose. The research group finally consisted of four patients, i.e. hospitalized in the Psychiatric Hospital X. Sources of data for the case study in this case are medical documentation of patients (anamnestic data, records of group and individual therapies) and semi-structured interviews. The obtained data fixed by audio...
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Relationship between methamphetamine use and outbreak of schizophrenic circuit disease
Jonáš, Michal ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Musílková, Eva (referee)
The issue of dual diagnoses has resonated across many fields for several decades. It has also been proved that the number of methamphetamine users grows dramatically, so does the number of patients hospitalized for "toxic psychosis" or other psychotic disorders. Schizophrenia and related diseases then form the third largest group of psychiatric patients in the Czech Republic. The aim of the research part was to analyze data of patients sample from Havlíčkův Brod Psychiatric Hospital (PNHB), with concurrent diagnoses F20-F25 and F15.x or F19.x and to describe associations between methamphetamine use and outbreak of schizophrenic mental illness. The research sample was obtained by combining method of selection according to criteria, method of intentional selection through institutions and method of total selection. Havlíčkův Brod Psychiatric Hospital provided anonymized data of 108 patients meeting the required criteria. The data were categorized within the content analysis of the medical documentation text, coded in a simple form and recorded in Excel spreadsheet. In the last phase, the data were analyzed by combining the first, the second and the third degree in contingency tables. The number of hospitalized men was more than double compered with women in the observed period. The average age using...
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Effective factors for improving the quality of life of clients in substitution treatment
Skořepová, Hana ; Lososová, Amalie (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Background: Substitution treatment has become a stable part of the addiction services system for drug users. In the beginning, it primarily reacted to healthcare complications related to intravenous substance use and was an alternative for those not able to keep an abstinence. It is proved that only pharmacotherapy is not enough intervention and that it is key to add counseling or therapy as it becomes similarly effective as abstinence-oriented treatment where we work on lifestyle changes in clients. Objective: Identification of effective factors leading to an increase in quality of life from the perspective of clients in substitution treatment in CADAS SANANIM z.ú. Methods: A semi-structured interview and a standardized WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire of the World Health Organization were used to obtain the required data. The descriptive method of thematic (focal) analysis was used to process data from the interviews, and data from the questionnaire was evaluated according to the instructions of the User's Guide of the Czech version of the WHO quality of life. Sample: The research participants consisted of 11 clients of the substitution program in CADAS SANANIM z.ú., who have been in treatment for at least 5 years and are included in the stabilization phase category. I contacted 15 clients, which I...
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Students' use of cocaine in universities and colleges of Prague: questionnaire survey
Tichá, Laura ; Kuda, Aleš (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Background: Recreational usage of cocaine in Prague has been increasing in the last few years, especially in the population of young adults within social events. Prevalence (the percentage of population affected by certain conditions or diseases in specific time frames) of cocaine use amongst students in universities and colleges has not yet been researched in Czech Republic. Aim: The main aim is to map the prevalence of cocaine use amongst students in universities and colleges of Prague. Secondarily, research aims to pattern of usage and difference in prevalence of cocaine use given the difference between their field of study. Methods: The data was collected through quantitative questionnaire survey. In total 1366 surveys were collected. This is compiled 554 surveys were conducted from bachelor students, 594 from master students and 218 from college students. Results: From results, we can see that lifetime prevalence of cocaine use in population of students in universities and colleges of Prague is 22 %. 42 % of students that used cocaine had used cocaine in the last year and 34 % of students used cocaine in the last thirty days. Usage of cocaine is more prevalent at field of art studies, with 46 % of students having experience with cocaine in contrast with fields of studies such as technologies...
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Image database expansion tool
Minařík, Jakub ; Honec, Peter (referee) ; Janáková, Ilona (advisor)
This thesis devotes to create a tool for expansion of image dataset. Thesis deals with theory of image processing and existing tools and the approaches in this field. From this teory, individual methods are designed and implemented. Futhermore, these methods are provided by user interface and batch start of altering images. At the end restrictive conditions of program are described.
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ADHD in the active methamphetamine users population
Hofmannová, Zuzana ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more common in metamphetamine users community than in the general population and users with ADHD have different behavior patterns than users without ADHD. The main aim of bachelor thesis was to find out to what extend ADHD disorder occurs in the active methamphtamine users population and if they are informed about having ADHD and how the ADHD affected the person's drug use. The secondary objective was to chart interest of the active methamphtamine users in possible substitution treatment. The research was designed as a quantitative survey using an anonymous structured questionnaire included Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v 1.1). This questionnaire was designed only for the purpose of this survey for active methamphtamine users visiting Sananim contact centre in Prague. The sample group included 18 clients of the contact centre and the aswers were analyzed by the means of descriptive statistics. In the research results are included informations about patterns of use of the metamphetamine users and the comparison of group of metamphetamine users with ADHD symptoms and users without ADHD symptoms. Having ADHD was associated with an increased likelihood of metamphetamine use in earlier age than in participants without ADHD and not only...
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Use of thermal imaging to determine the effect of ecstasy on the overheating of human organism
Kováčová, Tereza ; Svěcená, Kateřina (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Basis: Ecstasy is often seen as a non-addictive substance, which can cause dehydration and dangerous overheating of the human body. Despite the fact that these side effects are often described in literature, ecstasy remains one of the most popular illegal drugs used in the dance scene. Objective: The main aim of the research was to prove the effect of ecstasy (MDMA) on human thermoregulation and on the subsequent overheating of the organism. Meanwhile we demonstrate that thermal imaging can be used to measure statistically significant differences in temperature in respondents currently under the influence of ecstasy versus sober respondents. The secondary aim was to assess the effect of the amount of used ecstasy on the resulting temperature of the organism. Methodology: Thermal quantitative data were obtained as physical measurements by thermal imager. Next to that, additional information was collected in the form of a brief structured interview with respondents. The research cohort consisted of 14 respondents of the control group who had not used any addictive substance before the measurement and 25 respondents of the study group who were currently under the influence of ecstasy (MDMA). Body temperature was measured in the face area, while a methodologically appropriate area of the inner corner...
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